scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of six indigenous Indian plants: Acacia nilotica (Fabaceae), Albizia saman (Fabaceae), Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae), Carica papaya (Caricaceae), Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) and Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 666-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Singh Aditi ◽  
Tripathi Parul ◽  
Srivastava Apeksha ◽  
Marzia Ali S ◽  
Rekhi Lavie
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Albizia Saman

Potency of selected herbs on inhibition of ammonia producing bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
B. R. O. Omidiwura ◽  
A. F. Agboola ◽  
A. O. Adekambi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata

In effort to combat environmental pollution, improve animal production and avoid drug residue, producers have resorted to the use of phytobiotics to inhibit ammonia producing microbes in the gut. Freshly harvested Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Saccharum officinarum, Chromolaena odorata, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Mangifera indica leaves were air dried, blended and extracted using five concentrations of solvent (100% water, 70% water + 30% methanol, 50% water + 50% methanol, 30% water + 70% methanol and 100% methanol). The antibacterial activities of the extracts and antibiotics (doxycycline) as control, were tested according to standard procedures against both gram positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae) ammonia producing bacteria. In most cases, it was observed that the inhibitory effect of methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Saccharum officinarum, Chromolaena odorata, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Mangifera indica leaves were not significantly different from that of synthetic antibiotics, doxycycline, when tested against the test bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio cholera. However, leave extracts showed significantly better inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli than the antibiotic drug. It can be concluded, therefore, that the leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Saccharum officinarum, Chromolaena odorata, Eucalyptus camadulensis and Mangifera indica can serve as alternative to synthetic drugs in animal production due to their effective actions against microbial organisms.

scholarly journals Natural Products as Sources of Antimalarial Drugs: Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Oluwole Solomon Oladeji ◽  
Abimbola Peter Oluyori ◽  
Deborah Temitope Bankole ◽  
Tokunbo Yemisi Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Medicinal Species

Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Malaria is one of the lethal diseases of man, contributing to about 17 million deaths annually, leading to sociocultural, economic, and health influences. Aim of the Study. The study explores the ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological appraisal of antimalarial plants used by people of Omu Aran, Ogbomoso, Ado Ekiti, and Sagamu communities in Nigeria. Materials and Methods. For this study, relevant information was procured from the inhabitants via a structured questionnaire to procure the general knowledge of antimalarial medicinal plants. Results and Discussion. A total of 90 interviewees (44 men and 46 women) were involved in this survey. A total of 59 medicinal species were identified, which were dispersed in 33 families (Asteraceae (6), Apocynaceae (5), Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae, Poaceae, and Rubiaceae (3 each), Phyllanthaceae (2)) totaling 49% of the cited species. The most cited plants are Azadirachta indica (42), Mangifera indica (38), Carica papaya (28), Cymbopogon citratus (27), Cassia fistula (15), Morinda lucida (14), Anacardium occidentale and Vernonia amygdalina (13 each), Helianthus annuus (11), Enantia chlorantha (10), and Moringa oleifera (9) A total of 105 citations were recorded for the plant parts used (leaf (46), bark (17), fruits (9), root (9), latex (11), stem (11), and inflorescence (2)) while decoction (59%), maceration (25%), infusion (9%), and exudation (7%) were the methods of preparation. Use Values (UVs) of 0.47 to 0.11 were recorded for the frequently used antimalarial plants. The Efficiency Levels (ELs) of 11 different medicinal plants stated by the respondents were Azadirachta indica, Cassia fistula and Morinda lucida (12), Chromolaena odorata (10), Mangifera indica, Enantia chlorantha and Helianthus annuus (8), Cymbopogon citratus (7), Gossypium arboretum (4), Landolphia dulcis (3), and Aloe vera (2) Cocos nucifera, Curcuma longa, Forkia biglobosa, and Musa acuminate are mentioned for the first time in the study area with little or no reported antiplasmodial activities. Conclusion. The study appraised the commonly used antimalarial plants in the study areas. Therefore, commitment to scientifically explore the bioactive compounds, antimalarial potential and toxicological profile of these plants is inevitable as they could lead to novel natural products for effective malaria therapy.

Green Synthesis of Antibacterial Silver Nanoparticles against Drug-Resistant Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Siddiqui ◽  
Afnan Abdul Shakoor ◽  
Rashida Rahmat Zohra ◽  
Mahnaz Ahmad ◽  
Raheela Rahmat Zohra
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Background: Nanotechnology brings a massive revolution in the domain of medical biotechnology. Plants possess thousands of antimicrobial compounds; these compounds can be extracted and utilized in the production of medicines. Objective: The aim of this research is to design an economic way for the formation of nanoparticles from plants and explore their antibacterial activity. Methods: In the present study, we used the plants, such as Aloe barbadensis, Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Mentha arvensis, and Catharanthus roseus. Ethanolic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of the above-mentioned plants were used to prepare silver nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activities of the nanoparticles of extracts were determined against pathogenic strains of bacteria. Results: Results showed that silver nanoparticles are formed from the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Mentha arvensis, and Catharanthus roseus and from the aqueous extracts of Aloe barbadensis and Mentha arvensis. It was observed that nanoparticles of ethanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica, Carica papaya, Mentha arvensis, and Catharanthus roseus exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas species, E.coli, Pseudomonas specie, and S.typhi, respectively. On the other hand, the nanoparticles of methanolic extracts of Carica papaya, Mentha arvensis, and Catharanthus roseus showed the highest inhibition against E.coli, whereas, maximum zone of inhibition of Pseudomonas was observed by the action of methanolic extract of Azadirachta indica. It is also found that nanoparticles of the aqueous extracts of Aloe barbadensis and Mentha arvensis inhibited the pathogenic strains and showed maximum activity against Pseudomonas and E.coli, respectively. Conclusion: The above results indicate that the nanoparticles formed from the extracts of the tested plants have high antimicrobial potential and could be utilized in the preparation of medicines to treat various disorders.

The in vitro Antibacterial Activity of Methanol and Ethanol Extracts of Carica papaya Flowers and Mangifera indica Leaves

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.A. Zakaria ◽  
A.M. Mat Jais . ◽  
M.R. Sulaiman . ◽  
S.S.P. Mohamed Isa . ◽  
S. Riffin .
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Bioenhancing Effect of Cow Urine Distillate and Pepper Extract on Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica Leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3212-3214
Author(s):  
Pramod Dhakal ◽  
Ankit a Achary ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Cow Urine

Bioenhancers are drug facilitator which do not show the typical drug activity but in combination to enhance the activity of other molecule in several way including increase the bioavailability of drug across the membrane, potentiating the drug molecules by conformational interaction, acting as receptor for drug molecules and making target cell more receptive to drugs and promote and increase the bioactivity or bioavailability or the uptake of drugs in combination therapy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and activity of combination in Azadirachta indica extract with cow urine distillate and pepper extract against common pathogenic bacteria, a causative agent of watery diarrhea. It has been found that Indian indigenous cow urine and its distillate also possess bioenhancing ability. Bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate (CUD) and pepper extract was investigated on antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract neem alone and in combination with CUD and pepper extract were determined the ATCC strains against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E-coli by cup plate diffusion method. Ethanol extract of neem has showed more effect on P. aeruginosa, E-coli than S. aureus and K. pneumonia with combination of CUD and pepper extract. CUD and pepper did not show any inhibition of test bacteria in low concentration. The antibacterial effect of combination of extract and CUD was higher than the inhibition caused by extract alone and is suggestive of the bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate and pepper. Moreover, inhibition of test bacteria was observed with less concentration of extract on combining with CUD

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