scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of Azadirachta indica, Pongamia pinnata, Psidium guajava, and Mangifera indica and their mechanism of action against Streptococcus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (53) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
NamritaSharan Lall ◽  
DikonketsoCathrine Bodiba ◽  
Preety Prasad ◽  
Ajay Srivastava ◽  
Brigdet Crampton
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata

scholarly journals Dusky Cotton Bug Oxycarenus spp. (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae): Hibernating Sites and Management by using Plant Extracts under Laboratory Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneer Abbas ◽  
Faisal Hafeez ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Amjad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Nicotiana Tobacum

Abstract The dusky cotton bug, Oxycarenus spp., has now attained the status of a major pest of cotton crops that affects lint as well as the seed quality of cotton. Surveys were conducted to explore the hibernating sites in the districts Faisalabad, Multan and Bahawalpur. The efficacies of six different plant extracts, i.e. Neem (Azadirachta indica), Milkweed (Calotropis procera), Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Citrus (Citrus sinensis), Tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum) and Castor (Ricinus communis) were tested by using three different concentrations of each plant extract, i.e. 5, 2.5 and 1.5% under laboratory conditions at 25±2°C and 70±5% RH. The data were recorded 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after treatment application. However, Psidium guajava, Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Mangifera indica were graded as host plants heavily infested by Oxycarenus spp. Results (α≤0.05) indicated that increasing the concentration of extracts also increased the mortality. Nicotiana tobacum and Calotropis procera respectively displayed maximum 72 and 71, 84 and 80, 97 and 89% mortality at all concentrations, i.e. 1.25, 2.50 and 5.00%, after 96 hours of application. Two concentrations (2.5 and 5%) are the most suitable for obtaining significant control of the dusky cotton bug.

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of the antibacterial activity of combinations of methanolic extracts of Mangifera indica L. bark and Psidium guajava L. leaf on multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Churchill Akena ◽  
Gloria Maxensia Akampa ◽  
Edson Ireeta Munanura ◽  
Robert BD Otto ◽  
Bruhan Kaggwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
The Individual

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes various infections in humans both in hospital and community settings. Mangifera indica Linnaeus bark and dry Psidium guajava Linnaeus leaves have individually demonstrated activity against P. aeruginosa. This study aimed to assess the combined antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts of dry M. indica bark and dry P. guajava leaves on Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa. Different proportion combinations of P. guajava and M. indica were assessed for antipseudomonal activity using Agar well diffusion method. Colistin was the positive control. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) was also determined. The combination of methanolic extracts of P. guajava leaves (35 mg/mL) and M. indica bark (6.25 mg/mL) had a superior antibacterial effect on Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa when compared with the individual extracts used alone (p˂0.05), save for P. guajava (100 mg/mL) (p = 0.1373). Colistin was significantly more active on MDR P. aeruginosa than all the test extract concentrations used. This combination of M. indica bark and P. guajava leaves methanolic extracts had a FICI of 0.2434. This study demonstrates that the combination of P. guajava leaves (35 mg/mL) and M. indica bark (6.25 mg/mL) has synergistically enhanced activity against MDR P. aeruginosa. Keywords: Antipseudomonal, MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mangifera indica, and Psidium guajava

Bioenhancing Effect of Cow Urine Distillate and Pepper Extract on Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica Leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3212-3214
Author(s):  
Pramod Dhakal ◽  
Ankit a Achary ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Cow Urine

Bioenhancers are drug facilitator which do not show the typical drug activity but in combination to enhance the activity of other molecule in several way including increase the bioavailability of drug across the membrane, potentiating the drug molecules by conformational interaction, acting as receptor for drug molecules and making target cell more receptive to drugs and promote and increase the bioactivity or bioavailability or the uptake of drugs in combination therapy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and activity of combination in Azadirachta indica extract with cow urine distillate and pepper extract against common pathogenic bacteria, a causative agent of watery diarrhea. It has been found that Indian indigenous cow urine and its distillate also possess bioenhancing ability. Bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate (CUD) and pepper extract was investigated on antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract neem alone and in combination with CUD and pepper extract were determined the ATCC strains against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E-coli by cup plate diffusion method. Ethanol extract of neem has showed more effect on P. aeruginosa, E-coli than S. aureus and K. pneumonia with combination of CUD and pepper extract. CUD and pepper did not show any inhibition of test bacteria in low concentration. The antibacterial effect of combination of extract and CUD was higher than the inhibition caused by extract alone and is suggestive of the bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate and pepper. Moreover, inhibition of test bacteria was observed with less concentration of extract on combining with CUD

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