Effects of ensiling of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize (MON810) on degradation of the crystal 1Ab (Cry1Ab) protein and compositional quality of silage

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (76) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agathar Kamota
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Cry1ab Protein ◽  
Maize Mon810 ◽  
Compositional Quality

scholarly journals Influence of Bt Maize on Diversity and Composition of Non-target Arthropod Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Freire de Sousa ◽  
Marcos Gino Fernandes ◽  
Anderson José da Silva Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Cry1ab Protein ◽  
Arthropod Diversity ◽  
Transgenic Protein ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Chewing Insects

Non-target arthropods may be affected by toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) expressed in transgenic maize. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible impacts of Bt maize on the diversity and the composition of non-target arthropod species by analyzing one field cultivated with conventional maize (no expressing transgenic protein) and three fields cultivated with transgenic maize (expressing Bt proteins). In each field was sampled 50 entirely plants for the number of arthropod specimens and registred the degree of injury caused by the chewing insects. A total of 2.525 specimens of arthropods, comprising 29 species from 25 families, were recorded on 3.000 sampled plants. The most diverse family belonged to the order Hemiptera. Based on Shannon and Simpson indexes, the Bt-transgenic cultivar EXP3320YG had lower level of non-target arthropod diversity than other cultivars. From this study, it is clear that the diversity of non-target arthropods on maize crop is negatively affected by Cry1Ab protein, while the Cry1A105+Cry2Ab2+Cry1F proteins, and Cry1A105+Cry2Ab2+Cry3Bb1 proteins do not have any effect on arthropod species diversity and composition.

scholarly journals Diversity of insects under the effect of Bt maize and insecticides

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Regina Frizzas ◽  
Charles Martins de Oliveira ◽  
Celso Omoto
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Genetically Modified Maize ◽  
Insect Community ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Cry1ab Protein ◽  
Maize Mon810 ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Evenness Indices ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

ABSTRACT: The genetically modified maize to control some caterpillars has been widely used in Brazil. The effect of Bt maize and insecticides was evaluated on the diversity of insects (species richness and abundance), based on the insect community, functional groups and species. This study was conducted in genetically modified maize MON810, which expresses the Cry1Ab protein from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, and conventional maize with and without insecticide sprays (lufenuron and lambda-cyhalothrin) under field conditions in Ponta Grossa (Paraná state, Brazil). Insect samplings were performed by using pitfall trap, water tray trap and yellow sticky card. A total of 253,454 insects were collected, distributed among nine orders, 82 families and 241 species. No differences were observed in the insect community based on the richness, diversity and evenness indices. Predators and pollinators were more abundant in genetically modified maize. Parasitoids, detritivores, sap-sucking herbivores and chewing herbivores were more abundant in conventional maize with insecticide sprays. Significant differences were found for the species Colopterus sp., Colaspis occidentalis (L.) and Nusalala tessellata (Gerstaecker) which were most abundant in Bt maize, and Dalbulus maidis and Condylostylus sp.2 in conventional maize.

scholarly journals The impact of Bacillus thuringiensis technology on the occurrence of fumonisins and other mycotoxins in maize

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Díaz-Gómez ◽  
S. Marín ◽  
T. Capell ◽  
V. Sanchis ◽  
A.J. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Cry1ab Protein ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
The Impact

In many developing countries, maize is both a staple food crop and a widely-used animal feed. However, adventitious colonisation or damage caused by insect pests allows fungi to penetrate the vegetative parts of the plant and the kernels, the latter resulting in mycotoxin contamination. Maize seeds contaminated with fumonisins and other mycotoxins pose a serious threat to both humans and livestock. However, numerous studies have reported a significant reduction in pest damage, disease symptoms and fumonisin levels in maize hybrids expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene cry1Ab, particularly in areas where the European corn borer is prevalent. When other pests are also present, the cry1Ab gene alone offers insufficient protection, and combinations of insecticidal genes are required to reduce damage to plants caused by insects. The combination of Cry1Ab protein with other Cry proteins (such as Cry1F) or Vip proteins has reduced the incidence of pests and, indirectly, mycotoxin levels. Maize hybrids expressing multiple Bt genes, such as SmartStax®, are less susceptible to damage by insects, but mycotoxin levels are not routinely and consistently compared in these crops. Bt maize has a greater economic impact on Fusarium toxins than aflatoxins. The main factors that determine the effectiveness of Bt hybrids are the type of pest and the environmental conditions, but the different fungal infection pathways must also be considered. An alternative strategy to reduce mycotoxin levels in crops is the development of transgenic plants expressing genes that protect against fungal infection or reduce mycotoxin levels by in situ detoxification. In this review article, we summarise what is known about the relationship between the cultivation of Bt maize hybrids and contamination levels with different types of mycotoxins.

Determination of insecticidal Cry1Ab protein in soil collected in the final growing seasons of a nine-year field trial of Bt-maize MON810

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Gruber ◽  
Vijay Paul ◽  
Heinrich H. D. Meyer ◽  
Martin Müller
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Cry1ab Protein ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Maize Mon810

scholarly journals Sequence-Based Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota of Sows and Their Offspring Fed Genetically Modified Maize Expressing a Truncated Form of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Protein (Bt Maize)

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (24) ◽  
pp. 7735-7744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan G. Buzoianu ◽  
Maria C. Walsh ◽  
Mary C. Rea ◽  
Lisa Quigley ◽  
Orla O'Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Truncated Form ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Cry1ab Protein ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Gm Maize

ABSTRACTThe aim was to investigate transgenerational effects of feeding genetically modified (GM) maize expressing a truncated form ofBacillus thuringiensisCry1Ab protein (Bt maize) to sows and their offspring on maternal and offspring intestinal microbiota. Sows were assigned to either non-GM or GM maize dietary treatments during gestation and lactation. At weaning, offspring were assigned within sow treatment to non-GM or GM maize diets for 115 days, as follows: (i) non-GM maize-fed sow/non-GM maize-fed offspring (non-GM/non-GM), (ii) non-GM maize-fed sow/GM maize-fed offspring (non-GM/GM), (iii) GM maize-fed sow/non-GM maize-fed offspring (GM/non-GM), and (iv) GM maize-fed sow/GM maize-fed offspring (GM/GM). Offspring of GM maize-fed sows had higher counts of fecal total anaerobes andEnterobacteriaceaeat days 70 and 100 postweaning, respectively. At day 115 postweaning, GM/non-GM offspring had lower ilealEnterobacteriaceaecounts than non-GM/non-GM or GM/GM offspring and lower ileal total anaerobes than pigs on the other treatments. GM maize-fed offspring also had higher ileal total anaerobe counts than non-GM maize-fed offspring, and cecal total anaerobes were lower in non-GM/GM and GM/non-GM offspring than in those from the non-GM/non-GM treatment. The only differences observed for major bacterial phyla using 16S rRNA gene sequencing were that fecalProteobacteriawere less abundant in GM maize-fed sows prior to farrowing and in offspring at weaning, with fecalFirmicutesmore abundant in offspring. While other differences occurred, they were not observed consistently in offspring, were mostly encountered for low-abundance, low-frequency bacterial taxa, and were not associated with pathology. Therefore, their biological relevance is questionable. This confirms the lack of adverse effects of GM maize on the intestinal microbiota of pigs, even following transgenerational consumption.

Fragmentation of Cry1Ab protein from Bt-maize (MON810) through the gut of the earthworm species Lumbricus terrestris L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Emmerling ◽  
Heiko Strunk ◽  
Ulrike Schöbinger ◽  
Stefan Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Cry1ab Protein ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
Maize Mon810

Consequences for Protaphorura armata (Collembola: Onychiuridae) following exposure to genetically modified Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize and non-Bt maize

2006 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Henrik Heckmann ◽  
Bryan S. Griffiths ◽  
Sandra Caul ◽  
Jacqueline Thompson ◽  
Marianne Pusztai-Carey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Protaphorura Armata

Degradation of the Cry1Ab protein within transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis corn tissue in the field

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zwahlen ◽  
A. Hilbeck ◽  
P. Gugerli ◽  
W. Nentwig
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Cry1ab Protein
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document