scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of leaves and roots of Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemo) Ducke on seeds germination and initial growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 635-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika do Nascimento Fernandes PINTO ◽  
Jacob Silva SOUTO ◽  
Leonardo Francisco de Assis PEREIRA ◽  
Cesar Henrique Alves BORGES ◽  
Tassia Rayane Nascimento FERNANDES
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Seeds Germination

scholarly journals A nanoemulsion of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil with allelopathic effect against Lactuca sativa L. seeds / Uma nanoemulsão a partir do óleo essencial de Rosmarinus officinalis L com efeito alelopático em sementes de Lactuca sativa L

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 86752-86771
Author(s):  
Luciana Barbosa Soares Chamoun ◽  
Josinei Rodrigues Filho ◽  
Viviana Borges Corte ◽  
Idalina Tereza De Almeida Leite Perin ◽  
Caio Pinho Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rosemary Oil ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

Plant's essential oils have a wide range of allelopathic effects with potential uses as bioherbicides. In addition, the application of oils through nanoemulsions represents a promising alternative for agriculture, as it offers better performance and lowers toxic waste generation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the chemical constitution of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) essential oil, as well as its effects on germination, initial growth, Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POX), and Superoxide-Dismutase (SOD) enzymes activity of Lactuca sativa seeds. Nanoemulsions were produced at 5% concentration and then diluted with distilled water to 5.0, 7.0, and 10.0 mg/mL. We compared data obtained using variance (ANOVA) analysis, followed by Tukey's test at 5% probability. Rosemary oil showed a wide variety of terpenoid compounds, mainly the 1,8-cineol monoterpene, which accounted for 46% of the sample. The oil showed a dose-dependent negative allelopathic influence on all variables analyzed, causing a drop in germination percentage (%G), germination speed index (GVI), mean germination time (MTG), and leaf and root length. There was no change in CAT and SOD activity. The POX activity showed a reduction starting at the concentration of 7.0 mg/mL. The results showed allelopathic effects of rosemary oil, with potential use as a natural bioherbicide.

scholarly journals Allelopatic effects of Waltheria indica L.: Biocontrol potential in ecological

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e235101321263
Author(s):  
Bruno Santos Francisco ◽  
Felipe Bueno Dutra ◽  
Emerson Viveiros ◽  
Raquel Passaretti ◽  
Rafael Paranhos Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

In Brazil, most degraded areas are occupied by exotic and invasive species, which require alternatives for their management. We evaluated the allelopathic effects of Waltheria indica in the laboratory from aqueous extracts of leaves and roots on the germination of the species Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce), Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) RDWebster (brachiaria) and Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos (yellow Ipe). We collected adult one-year-old Waltheria indica shrubs in ecological restoration areas by direct seeding. We used two treatments with aqueous extracts of leaves and roots and a control without extract, with ten repetitions of 10 seeds per treatment, totaling 600 seeds per test species. Germination and use of tetrazolium assays to evaluate the potential respiratory activity of the roots were used. The aqueous extract of W.indica leaves affected the number of germinated seeds of all test species, while the aqueous extract of roots affected only L. sativa and H. chrysotrichus. There were no significant differences between treatments (leaf and root extracts) in species germination. The aqueous extracts of Waltheria indica leaves and roots affected germination and cellular respiration of the studied species, mainly in Lactuca sativa. The identification of W. indica allelopathic compounds may be an initial step so that in the future new bioherbicides are produced from extracts of this species, or even that its seeds can be sown together with non-sensitive native species, aiming for control of exotic species in ecological restoration projects.

Evaluation of Treatments for Elimination of Foodborne Pathogens on the Surface of Leaves and Roots of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUODONG ZHANG ◽  
LI MA ◽  
LARRY R. BEUCHAT ◽  
MARILYN C. ERICKSON ◽  
VANESSA H. PHELAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Leaf Piece ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Several outbreaks of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections have been associated with consumption of leafy greens. Questions remain concerning the ability of these pathogens to become internalized within lettuce and spinach tissues. An effective validated surface disinfection method for lettuce is needed before factors affecting internalization of pathogens can be studied. The objective of this study was to develop a surface disinfection method for lettuce leaves and roots. Iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) leaves cut into pieces (3 by 3 cm) and lettuce roots were inoculated by immersing in suspensions of five-strain mixtures of green fluorescent protein–labeled E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, or Listeria monocytogenes at populations of 7 to 8 log CFU/ml for 10 min at 20 ± 1°C. Inoculated samples were placed in a laminar flow biosafety cabinet for 30 min before treating with disinfectants. Thirteen surface disinfection methods were compared for their efficacy in killing E. coli O157:H7 on lettuce leaf and root surfaces. E. coli O157:H7 initially at 5.8 or 6.8 log CFU/leaf piece or root was not detected by enumeration (<0.6 log CFU per leaf piece) on samples treated for 20 min with 10,000 μg/ml sodium hypochlorite (NaHClO) or in solutions containing ethanol and mercuric chloride (HgCl2). With all other methods, E. coli O157:H7 populations ranged from 2.8 to 4.4 CFU per leaf piece or root after treatment. Trends in leaf and root print and enrichment culture results were consistent with enumeration results. Dipping in 80% ethanol for 10 s followed by immersion in 0.1% HgCl2 for 10 min was determined to be the most effective surface disinfection method for inactivating E. coli O157:H7 on lettuce leaves and roots and was also validated for inactivating Salmonella and L. monocytogenes.

Protective Effect of Purple Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Aqueous Extract on Physiological Quality of Lettuce Seedlings Subject to Salt Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Cristiane Deuner ◽  
Carolina Borges ◽  
César Castellanos ◽  
Sidnei Deuner ◽  
Francisco Villela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Physiological Quality

scholarly journals The allelopathic effect of Taraxacum officinale F.G. Wigg on the seeds germination and initial growth of Lolium westerwoldicum R.Br.

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Jankowska ◽  
Grażyna A. Ciepiela ◽  
Jacek Sosnowski ◽  
Roman Kolczarek ◽  
Kazimierz Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Soil Extracts ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Common Dandelion ◽  
Seeds Germination

The common dandelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i> F.H. Wigg) is a perennial plant often found in large concentrations in the sward of natural meadows. This species expands quickly, displacing other species. In literature there is a lack of data relating to the effect of common dandelion on plants growing in its vicinity. It is also not known why this species creates large clusters. Perhaps it competes with different plants through the allelopathic effect. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of water extracts from leaves and roots of common dandelion (<i>Taraxacum officinale</i>) as well as soil extracts from the root layer of this species on seed germination and the initial growth of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i> R.Br. The investigated material comprised leaves and roots of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>. The germination biotest most often used in experiments was applied. The seeds germination energy of westerwolds ryegrass was most inhibited by plant extracts prepared from roots and leaves of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i>. The germination ability of seeds of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i> was the highest in the treatments in which soil extracts were applied; however, the value of this feature was limited to a larger extent by the plant extracts from leaves of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> than from roots. Higher concentrations of both soil and plant solutions had an inhibitory effect both on root growth and the growth of the leaf sheath and leaves of westerwolds ryegrass. The results of the tested parameters can confirm the allelopathic effect of <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> on germination and initial growth of <i>Lolium westerwoldicum</i>, and especially that of extracts prepared from leaves.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic effects of Aeschynomene fluminensis Vell. on the initial growth of weeds and cultivated plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e37110212551
Author(s):  
Larissa Éllen Coelho ◽  
Silvana Maria de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Antonio de Souza ◽  
Lindamir Hernandez Pastorini
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Glycine Max L

Allelopathy is analyzed as an alternative to herbicides due to the inhibitory or beneficent activities of its compounds with other organisms. Current paper discusses the effects of Aeschynomene fluminensis Vell. fractions on cultivated plant species, Lactuca sativa L. and Glycine max (L.) Merril, and on weeds, Ipomoea grandifolia (Dammer) O’Donnel and Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde. Aqueous fractions at 0.80; 0.40; 0.20 and 0.10 mg mL-1 concentrations were employed for initial growth tests. Seeds were pre-germinated in distilled water and transferred to petri plates with separate fractions at different concentrations. Plates were maintained for 48 h in a germination chamber at 25°C for L. sativa and I. grandifolia and at 30°C for G.max and D. insularis. The length of hypocotyl (LH) and root (LR) was measured and LR and foliar length (LF) were taken for D. insularis seedlings. Parameters were employed to calculated inhibition percentage. Plants with morphological changes were fixed and analyzed anatomically. Results revealed LH and LR inhibition of lettuce seedlings in fractions with highest concentration rates. The same has been reported in the case of I. grandifolia. Butanolic, methanolic and chloroform fractions did not affect negatively soybean seedlings but they inhibited D. insularis seedlings´ LR. A. fluminensis fractions, especially at higher concentrations, inhibited seedlings´ growth and confirmed their phytotoxic capacity.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of Psychotria viridis Ruiz & Pavon on the germination and initial growth of Lactuca sativa L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Amanda O. Andrade ◽  
Maria A. P. Da Silva ◽  
Alison H. De Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Aurelio F. Dos Santos ◽  
Lilian C. S. Vandesmet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The effects of aqueous and ethanol extracts and leaf fractions of <em>Psychotria viridis</em> Ruiz &amp; Pavon (chacrona) at different concentrations on the germination and initial growth of <em>Lactuca sativa</em> L. were tested, and the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of these extracts and fractions were assessed. The bioassays consisted of the following treatments: crude aqueous extract (CAE) at 25, 50, 75 and 100% concentration, crude ethanol extract (CEE) and ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and methanol fractions at 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100% concentration and a control group. All treatments consisted of five replicates. The CAE, CEE and the ethyl acetate fraction of <em>P. viridis</em> caused both positive and negative effects on the seeds and seedlings of <em>L. sativa</em>.<em> </em>By contrast, the dichloromethane and methanol fractions only caused negative effects on <em>L. sativa</em>. The following compounds were identified in the extracts and fractions: gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, orientin, vitexin, quercetin, apigenin, rutin and luteolin, and the presence of the alkaloid N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) has also been reported in the literature. <em>P. viridis</em> had allelopathic effects in all types of plant extracts and fractions tested, and one of these compounds or their combined action may account for these effects.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Action of the Níger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) on Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Gustavo Negro Devequi ◽  
Mateus Luiz de Oliveira Freitas ◽  
Flávia Helena de Moura Libório ◽  
Luciano Ivano Da Silva ◽  
Patrícia Da Costa Zonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Guizotia Abyssinica ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is an agricultural crop with a large increase in production in the last three decades and is an essential component in the manufacture of animal and human food. Understanding the interactions between crop and other plant species used as green manure that can improve yield and so reduce environmental damage. Forages can release secondary metabolites in the environment that influence in a beneficial or harmful way to other plants, characterizing the allelopathy process. The Níger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) is used in agricultural systems because it releases allelochemicals, especially flavonoids. Therefore, this study is aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effects of the Niger straw on the germination and initial growth of soybean seedlings. The treatments consisted of aqueous extracts of niger stems, leaves and roots in different concentrations (0; 25; 50; 75 and 100%). For each treatment, five replications were performed, each composed by a 25 seeds distributed in gearbox kept in incubator chamber for 7 days at 25ºC and 12 hours photo period. The experimental design was completely randomized and the data were evaluated by analysis of variance and the means of treatments compared by Tukey’s test at 5% significance. The results show a reduction in germination and initial growth of soybean seedlings submitted to aqueous extract of niger stem and roots. In contrast, the aqueous extract of the Niger leaves increased the length of soybean seedlings. The allelopathic effects of the Niger probably occur due to the presence of flavonoids in the tissues of this plant species.

scholarly journals Allelopathy of Miconia spp. (Melastomataceae) in Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Marcos Aurélio Figueiredo Dos Santos ◽  
Maria Arlene Pessoa Da Silva ◽  
Antônio Carlito Bezerra Dos Santos ◽  
Sarah Ribeiro Alencar ◽  
Isabella Hevily Silva Torquato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Root Necrosis

<p>The aim of this work is to study the effects of the brute aqueous extract (BAE) of seven species of the genus <em>Miconia</em> occurring in the Chapada do Araripe-CE on <em>Lactuca sativa</em>, in addition to identifying the classes of secondary metabolites present in the extracts. The treatments consisted of four concentrations of leaf extract (25, 50, 75 and 100%), in addition to a control (0%) of distilled water, with five replicates each in a totally randomized experiment design layout for seven days. The following were assessed: number of germinated seeds, germination speed index (GSI), caulicle and radicle root length of the seedlings, occurrence of radical root necrosis, changes in the mitotic index and occurrence of chromosomal aberrations. The classes of secondary metabolites present in the extracts were identified through color changes and/or formation of precipitation. The brute aqueous extract of the leaves of <em>M. albicans</em>, <em>M. alborufescens</em> and <em>M. stenostachya </em>inhibited the germination of lettuce. All the BAEs of <em>Miconia</em> spp. had an adverse effect on the growth of the caulicle and radicle root of <em>L. sativa</em>. The extracts of <em>M. albicans</em>, <em>M. ibaguensis</em>, <em>M. lingustroides</em> and <em>M. stenostachya </em>were cytotoxic for the lettuce seedlings. Chromosomal aberrations were observed in all tested extracts. The metabolites found were hydrolysable and condensed tannins, flavonoids, flavones, flavanonols, chalcones, aurones and alkaloids. The tested species of <em>Miconia</em> showed inhibitory allelopathic activity within the parameters tested. The classes of secondary metabolites found could be responsible for the allelopathic and cytotoxic effects observed.</p>

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Aqueous Extract from Acacia melanoxylon R. Br. on Lactuca sativa

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1228
Author(s):  
M. Iftikhar Hussain ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Sheikh ◽  
Manuel J. Reigosa
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

We studied the polyphenol (phenolic compounds and flavonoids) composition and allelopathic effects of Acacia melanoxylon R. Br. aerial foliage aqueous extract (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) on the seedling growth and plant biomass of the general biotest species, lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Mean leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight were decreased following exposure to Acacia aerial foliage, flowers aqueous extract (AFE) and phyllodes aqueous extract (APE) after 6 days. The reduction in plant dry biomass was more than 50% following treatment with AFE. The decrease in mean root length was approximately 37.7% and 29.20% following treatment with Acacia flowers extract (AFE) at 75% and 100% concentration, respectively. Root dry weight of L. sativa was reduced by both flowers and phyllodes extract. The reduction of protein contents in lettuce leaves following Acacia foliage extract proved that both AFE and APE exhibit polyphenols that causes the toxicity which led to decrease in leaf protein contents. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was employed to analyze the A. melanoxylon flowers and phyllodes. A total of 13 compounds (accounting for most abundant compounds in flowers and phyllodes) include different flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The phytochemical compounds detected were: Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, and ferulic acid. The major flavonoid compounds identified include rutin, luteolin, apigenin, and catechin. Allelopathic effects of flower and phyllodes extracts from A. melanoxylon may be due to the presence of above compounds identified by HPLC analysis.

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