scholarly journals Effects of BAU- biofungicide and Proud on disease severity, seed quality, vigour index and health status of seed against brown spot disease of rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (50) ◽  
pp. 5092-5099
Author(s):  
Mahmud Hyat ◽  
Hossain Ismail ◽  
Dey Purnima ◽  
K. M. Kamal Hasan A. ◽  
Afsar Uddin Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Vigour Index

scholarly journals Brown spot disease severity, yield and yield loss relationships in pigmented upland rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosep S. Mau ◽  
Antonius Ndiwa ◽  
Shirly Oematan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease

Abstract. Mau YS, Ndiwa ASS, Oematan SS. 2020. Brown spot disease severity, yield and yield loss relationships in pigmented upland rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1625-1634. Brown spot is one of the most devastating diseases of rice, which could lead to total yield loss. The disease has a worldwide distribution, more specifically in areas where water supply is scarce, most specifically in the dry upland areas. Almost all stages of rice are affected by the disease, where leaves and grains are mostly affected. Considerable differences exist in susceptibility to brown spot among rice varieties, which may cause a large variation in yield loss caused by the disease. Therefore, the resistance level of rice varieties and their yield reduction has to be regularly evaluated and updated. There are only a few reports on the relationship between brown spot severity with yield and yield loss of upland rice, and is even lacking in pigmented upland rice. The objectives of the present study were to assess the brown spot severity and resistance level in pigmented upland rice cultivars from East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, and to elucidate their relationships with yield and yield reduction. Twenty four pigmented upland rice genotypes were evaluated in the field during May to October 2019, and their disease responses and yields were recorded. Disease severity was observed weekly and used to calculate Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for comparison among the genotypes. The relationships between disease severity and AUDPC with yield and yield loss were also examined. The results showed significant variation in brown spot severity and AUDPC, ranging from, respectively, 11.11% to 40.70% and 398.42%-days to 1081.30%-days. Yields and yield losses of test genotypes also varied substantially. Yields under diseased-free and diseased plots ranged from, respectively, 2.34 t ha-1 to 6.13 t ha-1 and 1.68 t ha-1 to 3.74 t ha-1 while yield loss was between 10.46% and 56.15%. Six genotypes were moderately resistant, four genotypes were moderately susceptible and 14 genotypes were susceptible to brown spot. Neither disease severity nor AUDPC had a linear relationship with yield but both exhibited positive and linear relationships with yield loss.

scholarly journals Screening Rice Genotypes for Brown Spot Disease Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Arati Dhungana ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
Rice Genotypes

A field experiment was conducted to screen 20 rice genotypes against brown spot disease caused by Bipolaris oryzae under natural epiphytotic field conditions at Bangaun, Dang, Nepal, from June 2018 to March 2019. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Sawa Mansuli was taken as susceptible check and Sabitri as a resistant check in the experiment. Disease assessment was done by calculating disease severity and Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). Among the evaluated genotypes, disease severity and AUDPC varied in the field experiments. Rice genotypes showed the resistance to highly susceptible reactions based on AUDPC value which ranged from 88.51 to 260.65. Among the evalauted rice genotypes in the field experiment, the highest mean AUDPC value was recorded with Basmati (260.65) followed by Radha-13 (172.80) and the lowest was recorded with Kathe Jhinuwa (88.51). Similarly, the highest severity rate was recorded with Basmati (25.91) followed by Radha-13 (21.00) and Tilki (20.75) and the lowest was recorded with Kathe Jhinuwa (11.03) which was at par with Radha-4 (11.11) followed by Sukhadhan-1 (12.02) and Sabitri (12.06). The highest grain yield was recorded with Sarju-52 (4.32 t/ha) followed by Sabitri (4.19 t/ha). Grain yield was negatively correlated with mean AUDPC by 14.77%. Kathe Jhinuwa, Radha-4, and Sabitri can be used for higher grain yield purposes under similar field conditions and also can be utilized as the source of resistance in a plant breeding program.

scholarly journals Biochemical Profiling of Resistant Phenotypes Against Bipolaris oryzae Causing Brown Spot Disease in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benish Ashfaq ◽  
Hafiz M. Imran Arshad ◽  
M. Atiq ◽  
Sumaira Yousaf ◽  
Kamran Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Brown leaf spot disease of rice is a dominant lethal disease, caused by the fungus Bipolaris oryzae. The pathogen is an obligate parasite and causes qualitative and quantitative damage to rice crop. The objective of the present study was to investigate what extent the defense related biochemical compounds reflect the distinct categories of resistance phenotypes in rice against brown spot disease. This was done by determining the concentration of Catalase (CAT), Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), Peroxidase (POD), and β-1,3-Glucanase enzymes in resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible rice genotypes. The disease resistant phenotypes in rice line (PARC-7) reflect the higher accumulation of CAT, PAL, PPO, POD, and β-1,3-Glucanase. The pattern of enzyme accumulation was similar in all resistant genotypes. The rice genotypes with moderately resistant phenotypes showed significant difference with respect to the concentration of biochemical defense-related compounds. The difference in accumulation of defense related enzymes reflected the level of disease severity (% leaf area covered) on resistant and moderately resistant genotypes. The susceptible rice genotypes showed the minimum concentration of these enzymes, with the lowest concentrations found in the rice variety Bas-2000 (80% Disease Index). The differential defense response in resistant and susceptible genotypes suggests that these enzymes can be used as biochemical markers for early detection of disease resistant genotypes. The study of enzyme accumulation at different time points and at different levels of disease severity helps to understand the resistance mechanisms against brown spot disease in rice.

scholarly journals Brown Spot Disease Severity Level Detection using Binary-RGB Image Masking

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. A. M Taujuddin ◽  
N. H. N. A Halim ◽  
M. Siti Norsuha ◽  
R. Koogeethavani ◽  
Z. H Husin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Severity Level ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Rgb Image ◽  
Disease Severity Level

scholarly journals Studies on host-selective toxins produced by a pathotype of Alternaria citri causing brown spot disease of mandarins.

1986 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1597-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki KONO ◽  
J. M. GARDNER ◽  
Yoshikatsu SUZUKI ◽  
Setsuo TAKEUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Brown Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease

Brown spot disease in ‘Rocha’ pear Portuguese orchards

2021 ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
P. Reis ◽  
C. Rego ◽  
M. Mota ◽  
T. Comporta ◽  
C.M. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Brown Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease
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