scholarly journals Productive, morphological and qualitative characteristics of sugarcane in the understory tree species in agroforestry systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 1576-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Elli Elvis ◽  
Otomar Caron Braulio ◽  
Eloy Elder ◽  
Behling Alexandre ◽  
Queiróz de Souza Velci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Understory Tree ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

scholarly journals Variation in wood physical properties within stems of Guazuma crinita, a timber tree species in the Peruvian Amazon

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lady L. Tuisima-Coral ◽  
Joel E. Odicio-Guevara ◽  
John C. Weber ◽  
David Lluncor-Mendoza ◽  
Bohdan Lojka
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Transport And Transformation ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Timber Tree ◽  
Old Trees

An understanding of wood physical properties and the interrelationships that govern them is required for efficient utilization of timber tree species. Guazuma crinita is a fast-growing timber tree of agroforestry systems in the Peruvian Amazon. The aim of this study was to assess variation in wood physical properties within the G. crinita stem. Wood samples were obtained from the base, middle and top of the stem of 12 randomly selected eight-year-old trees from six provenances in order to determine wood moisture content, density, specific gravity, radial, tangential and volumetric shrinkage and the coefficient of anisotropy. Pearson correlations between physical properties were also determined. The highest basic density was 459 kg/m3 from Tournavista provenance. Mean basic density and specific gravity were 430 kg/m3 and 0.45 respectively. There was statistically significant variation (p ≤ 0.05), due to stem level within the trees. The moderate values of density and anisotropy coefficient (1.56) suggest that G. crinita is a stable wood; these are important advantages in terms of costs of the processes of transport and transformation. Given the variation found in the limited tree samples of this study, we recommend further analysis with larger samples from different provenances and planting zones.Variación de las propiedades físicas en troncos de Guazuma crinita, una especie maderable en el Amazonas Peruano El entendimiento de las propiedades físicas de la madera y de las interrelaciones que las gobiernan es necesario para el uso eficiente de las especies maderables. Guazuma crinita es una especie arbórea de rápido crecimiento en sistemas agroforestales del Amazonas peruano. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la variación de las propiedades físicas de la madera en el fuste de árboles G. crinita. Las muestras de madera fueron obtenidas de la base, parte media y parte superior del tronco de 12 árboles de ocho años de edad aleatoriamente seleccionados, de seis lugares de procedencia. Con ellas se determinó: contenido de humedad, densidad, densidad relativa, contracciones radial, tangencial y volumétrica y coeficiente de anisotropía; se determinaron también las correlaciones de Pearson entre las propiedades físicas. La densidad básica mayor fue 459 kg/m3, de la procedencia de Tournavista. Las densidades básica y relativa promedio fueron 430 kg/m3 y 0.45, respectivamente. Se encontró variación estadísticamente significativa (p ≤ 0.05) entre alturas en el fuste. La madera moderadamente densa y el coeficiente de anisotropía (1.56) sugieren que G. Crinita es una madera estable, lo que representa importantes ventajas en términos de costos por transporte y proceso de transformación. Debido a la variación encontrada en las limitadas muestras de árboles de este estudio, se recomienda la realización de más análisis con mayores muestras y de diferentes sitios y plantaciones.

scholarly journals Growth of tree species and sugarcane production in agroforestry systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 2425-2436 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRAULIO O. CARON ◽  
ELVIS F. ELLI ◽  
ALEXANDRE BEHLING ◽  
ELDER ELOY ◽  
DENISE SCHMIDT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Sugarcane Production

Decomposition and nutrient release in leaves of Atlantic Rainforest tree species used in agroforestry systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 835-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edivânia M. G. Duarte ◽  
Irene M. Cardoso ◽  
Thomas Stijnen ◽  
Maria Alice F. C. Mendonça ◽  
Marino S. Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest

DO OPEN-POLLINATED MAIZE VARIETIES PERFORM BETTER THAN HYBRIDS IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS?

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (04) ◽  
pp. 649-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAIN NDOLI ◽  
FRÉDÉRIC BAUDRON ◽  
TESFAYE SHIFERAW SIDA ◽  
ANTONIUS G. T. SCHUT ◽  
J. VAN HEERWAARDEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Grevillea Robusta ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
On Farm

SUMMARYA large body of evidence demonstrates the agronomic superiority of maize hybrids over open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) in intensive monoculture. However, comparisons of the performance of hybrids and OPVs in agroforestry systems are scarce. In this study, the performance of four maize hybrids and four OPVs is compared in sole crop and under mature trees. Experiments were conducted on-farm during four seasons in Bugesera, Rwanda and two seasons in Meki, Ethiopia. Two tree species were selected in Bugesera (Grevillea robusta and Senna spectabilis) and one in Meki (Acacia tortilis), and three farms were selected for each tree species, each including two plots with almost identical trees in their centre and two plots without tree. In Bugusera, grain yield was higher for hybrids (2 Mg ha−1) than for OPVs (1.5 Mg ha−1), and the presence of trees reduced the harvest index more in OPVs than in hybrids. In this region, the estimated reduction in grain yield due to the presence of trees was 0.9 and 1.1 Mg ha−1 in hybrids and OPVs, respectively, while estimated reduction in biomass was 1.5 and 1.7 Mg ha−1, respectively. In Meki, the grain yield of OPVs (2.08 Mg ha−1) and hybrids (2.04 Mg ha−1) did not differ and the presence of trees reduced their grain yields in the same manner. Our results showed that hybrids yielded more than OPVs under G. robusta and S. spectabilis in Bugesera but performed equally well under A. tortilis in Meki. We conclude that agroforestry farmers could benefit from growing hybrids in the equatorial savannahs of Rwanda, but that the choice between hybrid and OPV in equatorial savannahs of Ethiopia can simply be based on other factors such as seed costs and availability.

scholarly journals Floristic evolution in an agroforestry system cultivation in Southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 973-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUÍS C.R. SILVA ◽  
SEBASTIÃO A. MACHADO ◽  
FRANKLIN GALVÃO ◽  
AFONSO FIGUEIREDO FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
First Year ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry ◽  
Floristic Evolution ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) is an important pioneer tree species in Ombrophylous Mixed Forest of Brazil and is widely used as an energy source. In traditional agroforestry systems, regeneration is induced by fire, then pure and dense stands known as bracatinga stands (bracatingais) are formed. In the first year, annual crops are intercalated with the seedlings. At that time the seedlings are thinned, then the stands remain at a fallow period and cut at seven years old. The species is very important mainly for small landowners. We studied the understory species that occur naturally during the succession over several years in order to manage them rationally in the future and maintain the natural vegetation over time. Three to 20 year-old Bracatinga stands were sampled between 1998 and 2011. All tree species with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were measured.The floristic evolution was assessed with respect to Sociability Index, the Shannon Diversity Index and the Pielou Evenness Index. Graphs of rank/abundance over different age groups were evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. We identified 153 species dispersed throughout the understory and tend to become aggregated over time.

scholarly journals Evaluating tree growth factors into species-specific functional soil maps for improved agroforestry system efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo-Dong Jiang ◽  
Phillip R. Owens ◽  
Amanda J. Ashworth ◽  
Bryan A. Fuentes ◽  
Andrew L. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Functional Units

AbstractAgroforestry systems play an important role in sustainable agroecosystems. However, accurately and adequately quantifying the relationships between environmental factors and tree growth in these systems are still lacking. Objectives of this study were to quantify environmental factors affecting growth of four tree species and to develop functional soil maps (FSM) for each species in an agroforestry site. The diameter at breast height, absolute growth rate (AGR), and neighborhood competition index of 259 trees from four species (northern red oak [Quercus rubra], pecan [Carya illinoinensis], cottonwood [Populus deltoides], and sycamore [Platanus occidentalis]) were determined. A total of 51 topsoil samples were collected and analyzed, and 12 terrain attributes were derived from the digital elevation model. The relationships between AGR, soil, topography, and tree size were analyzed using Spearman correlation. Based on correlation analysis, FSM for each species were generated using the k-means cluster method by overlaying correlated soil and terrain attribute maps. Results showed tree size and terrain attributes were driving factors affecting tree growth rate relative to soil properties. The spatial variations in AGR among functional units were statistically compared within tree species and the areas with larger AGR were identified by the FSM. This study demonstrated that FSM could delineate areas with different AGR for the oak, cottonwood, and sycamore trees. The AGR of pecan trees did not vary among functional units. The generated FSM may allow land managers to more precisely establish and manage agroforestry systems.

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