scholarly journals Vernalization response of winter x spring wheat derived doubled-haploids

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (48) ◽  
pp. 6465-6473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharma Shivali ◽  
Sharma Rajan ◽  
Chaudhary HK
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Vernalization Response

VERNALIZATION RESPONSES OF A SELECTED GROUP OF SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. JEDEL ◽  
L. E. EVANS ◽  
R. SCARTH
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Vernalization Requirement ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Rapid Induction ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Lag Period

Ten spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were assessed for the pattern, duration and stability of their response to vernalization and the effect of plant age on receptivity to cold treatment. Cold treatment intervals of 0–6 wk were used to determine the patterns of response. Cajeme 71, Fielder and Pitic 62 were found to have a gradual response with the vernalization requirement satisfied after 4 or 5 wk of cold treatment. Benito, Glenlea, Marquis, and Neepawa had slight but significant responses to longer cold treatments (5–6 wk). Yecora 70, Prelude and Sinton were nonresponsive to the cold treatments. The development of the vernalization responses in Cajeme 71 and Pitic 62 was assessed with cold treatments of 0, 1, 4, 8, 16 and 32 days in a greenhouse study. The pattern of response consisted of a lag period, a period of rapid induction, and finally a plateau when the vernalization requirement was filled. Intermediate temperature treatments of 1–6 days at 15 °C stabilized the vernalization response induced by 2 wk of cold treatment (4 °C) in Fielder and Pitic 62 and by 6 wk of cold treatment in Cajeme 71. Pitic 62 was responsive to cold treatments at ages 0 and 7 days, with the responsiveness decreasing with increasing age. Neepawa, at the ages tested, was relatively non-responsive to the cold treatments.Key words: Wheat (spring), vernalization response, temperature, plant age

scholarly journals Genetic Marker Segregations in Doubled Haploids in Spring Wheat Crosses

Hereditas ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsmund Bjørnstad ◽  
Helge Skinnes ◽  
Anne-Kjersti Uhlen ◽  
Petter Marum ◽  
Anne-Guri Marøy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Doubled Haploids

Inheritance of vernalization response in three populations of spring wheat

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Jedel
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Vrn Genes ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Early Late ◽  
Made In

Vernalization responses are known to differ among spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Three crosses were made to determine the inheritance of vernalization response in the spring wheat cultivars Cajeme 71, Yecora 70, Glenlea, Pitic 62 and Neepawa. Segregation analyses of days to anthesis were made of the F2 generation in a growth room (25/15 °C, 16/8 h). Segregation analysis of the F3 generation was made in a summer greenhouse. Reciprocal crosses between Neepawa and Pitic 62 indicated an early/late/transgressively late ratio of 12:3:1 in the F2 generation. The F3 generation results fitted an early/late/transgressively late/segregating ratio of 4:1:1:10. Based on the segregation of transgressively late types from both crosses, it was concluded that the genes for spring habit in Pitic 62 and Neepawa were different and not maternally inherited. The Glenlea/Pitic 62 cross produced one transgressively late segregant in an F2 population of 97 plants. The data fitted an early/late/transgressively late ratio of 60:3:1, indicating that Glenlea may differ from Pitic at three Vrn loci. Therefore, either Glenlea or Pitic 62 may carry two dominant Vrn alleles. The reciprocal crosses between Yecora 70 and Cajeme 71 did not segregate transgressively late types in the F2 generation. Therefore, those cultivars had a Vrn allele in common. Selection for vernalization response might be useful when introducing exotic germplasm into spring wheat breeding programs and in manipulating maturity responses. Key words: Vernalization, spring wheat, Vrn genes

Changes in lipids of cereal seedlings during vernalization

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1093-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Redshaw ◽  
Saul Zalik
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Low Temperature Growth

Noticeable changes in lipids were observed during growth of Sangaste fall rye, Prolific spring rye, Kharkov winter wheat, and Red Bobs spring wheat, at vernalizing temperature, over a period of 6 weeks. There was, however, little difference between the trends exhibited by the four varieties, apart from the fact that the rye varieties apparently accumulated more linolenic acid than the wheat varieties whereas the reverse was true for linoleic acid. These results suggested that the lipids under study did not play a direct role in the vernalization response, and the changes observed were a result of low-temperature growth.

Chromosomes in 'Cadet' and 'Rescue' wheats carrying loci for cold hardiness and vernalization response

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

'Rescue', 'Cadet', and the 42 reciprocal chromosome substitution lines derived from these two spring wheat cultivars were tested for vernalization response and cold hardiness. Cold hardiness was tested after hardening under a 16-h day for 8 weeks with 6 °C day and 4 °C night temperatures or in the dark for 7 weeks at 0.8 °C followed by 8 weeks at −5 °C. Chromosomes 5A, 5B, 7B, and possibly 2A carried loci for vernalization response. Chromosomes 2A, 5A, and 5B carried loci affecting cold hardiness measured after 8 weeks in the light at 6 °C during the day and 4 °C at night, whereas chromosomes 6A, 3B, 5B, and 5D were involved in cold hardiness after hardening in the dark at 0.8 °C followed by −5 °C. The results suggest that the rank order of cultivars for cold hardiness depends on the hardening technique used since the two different techniques tested had different genetic and presumably somewhat different biochemical bases.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cold hardiness, vernalization.

Molecular characterization of vernalization response genes in Canadian spring wheat

Genome ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Alireza Navabi ◽  
Rong-Cai Yang ◽  
Donald F. Salmon ◽  
Dean Spaner
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Dominant Allele ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Deletion Allele ◽  
Vrn Genes

Vernalization response (Vrn) genes play a major role in determining the flowering/maturity times of spring-sown wheat. We characterized a representative set of 40 western Canadian adapted spring wheat cultivars/lines for 3 Vrn loci. The 40 genotypes were screened, along with 4 genotypes of known Vrn genes, using previously published genome-specific polymerase chain reaction primers designed for detecting the presence or absence of dominant or recessive alleles of the major Vrn loci: Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, and Vrn-D1. The dominant promoter duplication allele Vrn-A1a was present in 34 of 40 cultivars/lines, whereas the promoter deletion allele Vrn-A1b was present in only 1 of the western Canadian cultivars ( Triticum aestivum L. ‘Rescue’) and 2 of its derivative chromosomal substitution lines. The intron deletion allele Vrn-A1c was not present in any line tested. Only 4 of the western Canadian spring wheat cultivars tested here carry the recessive vrn-A1 allele. The dominant allele of Vrn-B1 was detected in 20 cultivars/lines. Fourteen cultivars/lines had dominant alleles of Vrn-A1a and Vrn-B1 in combination. All cultivars/lines carried the recessive allele for Vrn-D1. The predominance of the dominant allele Vrn-A1a in Canadian spring wheat appears to be due to the allele's vernalization insensitivity, which confers earliness under nonvernalizing growing conditions. Wheat breeders in western Canada have incorporated the Vrn-A1a allele into spring wheats mainly by selecting for early genotypes for a short growing season, thereby avoiding early and late season frosts. For the development of early maturing cultivars with high yield potential, different combinations of Vrn alleles may be incorporated into spring wheat breeding programs in western Canada.

Responsiveness to anther culture in cultivars and F1 crosses of spring wheat

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Masojc ◽  
O. M. Lukow ◽  
R. I. H. McKenzie ◽  
N. K. Howes
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
Albino Plants ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Embryoid Formation ◽  
N6 Medium ◽  
Regenerated Plant

Anther culturability of 43 cultivars and 6 F1 crosses representing different quality classes of spring wheat was studied using a glucose-containing, modified N6 medium (HNG). Generally high pollen embryoid formation (up to 111 embryoids per 100 anthers) was associated with lower green plant regeneration (up to 9.1 green plantlets per 100 embryoids) frequencies and a high proportion (63% on average) of albino plants. Anther response was found to be strongly affected by the genotype of the donor plants. Seven of the screened cultivars yielded more than one green regenerated plant per 100 anthers. The most responsive cultivars were Veery #2 (6.2), ST 6 (4.0), and Leader (3.6). No ability to regenerate green plantlets was shown by 10 of the genotypes. Anther responsiveness of F1 progenies as compared with the parental cultivars were different in each cross. Differences found between reciprocal crosses suggest that the cytoplasm of a donor plant may affect anther response. Haploid plants constituted 45% of the anther derived regenerants, while the remaining part was divided into 29% of spontaneous diploids and 26% of plants with abnormal chromosome numbers. Key words: Triticum aestivum, anther culture, doubled haploids, wheat

Mapping of genes regulating abiotic stress tolerance in cereals

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Galiba
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Vernalization Response

The location of major QTLs or even genes controlling abiotic stress tolerance is now possible by the application of marker-mediated techniques. This is achieved by exploiting precise genetic stocks, such as doubled haploids (DHs), recombinant substitution lines (RSLs) and recombinant inbred lines (RILs), along with the comprehensive genetic maps now available through the application of molecular marker techniques. These strategies are illustrated here showing how QTLs/genes affecting vernalization response, cold tolerance, osmotic adjustment, osmolite accumulation (free amino acids, polyamines and carbohydrates), salt tolerance and cold-regulated protein accumulation have been identified and located. Also, an example of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for frost tolerance is presented. Major loci and QTLs affecting stress tolerance in Triticeae have been mapped on the group 5 chromosomes, where the highest concentration of abiotic stress-related QTLs (vernalization response, frost tolerance, salt tolerance and osmolite accumulation) was located. A conserved region with a major role in osmotic adjustment has been located on the group 7 chromosomes.

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