scholarly journals Hospital Discharge Rates Before and After Implementation of a City-wide Smoking Ban in a Texas City, 2004–2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Head ◽  
Bradford E. Jackson ◽  
Sejong Bae ◽  
Debra Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Texas City

scholarly journals Hospital discharge rates for suspected acute coronary syndromes between 1990 and 2000: population based analysis

BMJ ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 328 (7453) ◽  
pp. 1413-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
N F Murphy ◽  
K MacIntyre ◽  
S Capewell ◽  
S Stewart ◽  
J Pell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

Transitions in “Privatized” Prison Health Systems: Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations Among Incarcerated People in Florida, 2011–2018

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e4
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Adler ◽  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Timothy F. Page
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Prison Health ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Care Problems

Objectives. To examine rates of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations among incarcerated people in Florida during a period when health care management in the state’s prisons underwent transitions. Methods. We used Florida ED visit and hospital discharge data (2011–2018) to depict the trend in ED visit and hospital discharge rates among incarcerated people. We proxied incarcerated people using individuals admitted from and discharged or transferred to a court or law enforcement agency. We fitted a regression with year indicators to examine the significance of yearly changes. Results. Among incarcerated people in Florida, ED visit rates quadrupled, and hospitalization rates doubled, between 2015 and 2018, a period when no similar trends were evident in the nonincarcerated population. Public Health Implications. Increasing the amount and flexibility of payments to contractors overseeing prison health services may foster higher rates of hospital utilization among incarcerated people and higher costs, without addressing major quality of care problems. Hospitals and government agencies should transparently report on health care utilization and outcomes among incarcerated people to ensure better oversight of services for a highly vulnerable population. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print March 18, 2021: e1–e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305988 )

Excitotoxic acid lesions of the primate subthalamic nucleus result in reduced pallidal neuronal activity during active holding

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1859-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Hamada ◽  
M. R. DeLong
Keyword(s):  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Ibotenic Acid ◽  
Excitatory Input ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Flexion And Extension

1. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of hemiballismus in primates, and to test directly the hypothesis that the subthalamopallidal projection is excitatory, we studied the effects of lesions of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on neuronal activity in the globus pallidus (GP) of monkeys during performance of a motor behavioral task. 2. Animals were trained to position and hold a manipulandum to which torque pulses were applied, producing elbow flexion and extension. The activity of neurons in the external (GPe) and internal (GPi) segments of GP was recorded in two monkeys during task performance before and after STN lesions. The STN was lesioned by the fiber-sparing neurotoxins ibotenic acid and/or kainic acid. 3. After lesioning, the firing rate of neurons in both segments of GP, which was measured during the period of holding before torque application, was significantly decreased in both animals. The mean of discharge rates of GPi neurons decreased (P < 0.001) from 69.8 (n = 169, SD = 21.6) to 47.4 spikes/s (n = 180, SD = 22.6) after lesioning. The mean of discharge rates of GPe neurons decreased from 63.6 spikes/s (n = 218, SD = 25.1) before lesions to 41.0 spikes/s (n = 208, SD = 18.1) after lesioning. 4. These results provide further evidence that STN gives rise to a major excitatory input to both segments of the GP and support the hypothesis that dyskinesias result from decreased GPi output.

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ‘TIDAK MEROKOK’ DI SEKOLAH MUHAMMADIYAH DI KOTA KRETEK

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Anita Aisah ◽  
Usfur Ridha
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
High School Principals ◽  
Role Models ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
School Facilities ◽  
Smoking Ban ◽  
Cigarette Industry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The City

Educating students not to smoke is one of the goals of character education in schools. This study aimed to illustrate how character education “does not smoke” in muhammadiyah schools in the Kudus City. The researcher selected the Muhammadiyah school and took place at Kudus, for various reasons. The Kudus City is known as the City of Kretek, while the Assembly of Tarjid and Tajdid Muhammadiyah issued illegal laws for people who smoke. In addition, the cigarette industry in Kudus also supports school facilities and infrastructure. This makes the researchers want to know the picture of non-smoking education at the Muhammadiyah Kudus School. The subjects were PDM cadres in Kudus City, Muhammadiyah Teachers and Muhammadiyah High School Principals in Kudus. Data were retrieved by using observation and interview technique. The results of this study were (1) Some teachers have a dilemma to convey strict smoking ban in schools because Cigarette industry has a big role in the development of Muhammadiyah schools; (2) The punishment for students who smoke remains strictly enforced in all three schools; (3) Educators are trying to be role models through not showing smoking behavior in schools; (4) The School Party does not cooperate with parents to prohibit students smoking outside school; (5) There is no difference in the smoking ban regulations in the three Muhammadiyah Schools before and after the Fatwa Haram issued by Majelis Trajih and Tajdid Muhammadiyah Central Executive.

Hospital Use Patterns for Children in the United States, 1983 and 1984

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lola Jean Kozak ◽  
Catherine Norton ◽  
Margaret McManus ◽  
Eileen McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Hospital Discharge Survey ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Hospital Use

The hospital discharge rate of children less than 15 years of age in the United States declined 12% from 1983 to 1984. This was the first time in the 20-year history of the National Hospital Discharge Survey that there was a statistically significant decrease in children's hospital discharge rates in a 1-year period. The change occurred during a period when prospective hospital payment systems were introduced and when prepaid group health plans and alternative systems of providing health care were expanding. The unprecedented decrease in children's hospital use was evaluated using data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey. This is a continuous survey in which data from a national sample of medical records of discharged patients are collected. Children's hospital use rates were reviewed by age, sex, region, and expected principal source of payment. Significant decreases in discharge rates were found for the age group 1 to 4 years and for all children with private insurance. The patterns and changes in hospital use by diagnostic category were also investigated. The major finding was a 19% decrease in children's discharge rate for diseases of the respiratory system. Mortality statistics and data from the National Health Interview Survey were evaluated for indications of changes in children's health status or use of physician services accompanying the decline in hospital use. Although there were fewer deaths due to respiratory diseases for children less than 5 years of age in 1984 than in 1983, most measures of health status were unchanged. The only significant change in physician use was a decrease in the percentage of acute conditions that were medically attended, also among children less than 5 years of age. It is important to continue monitoring children's hospital use patterns, as well as their health status and use of alternative health services, to further assess the impact of changes in the organization and financing of health services.

Abstract MP49: Application Of A Novel Assessment Of County-level Cardiovascular Health Profile And Its Association With County-level Disease Rates

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil P Rowen ◽  
Daniel Kim ◽  
Hannah P Rayala ◽  
Andrew H Reiter ◽  
Wayne D Rosamond
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
County Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Level Hospital

Background: The AHA’s definition of cardiovascular health (CVH) is based on seven metrics known as Life’s Simple 7 (LS7): smoking, diet, obesity, physical inactivity, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Although used to evaluate CVH at the national and individual level, its use as a local county-level measure of CVH has not yet been studied. Our objective was to create a modification of LS7 using publicly available data to estimate county-level CVH and to determine its association with CVH outcomes in all 100 counties of North Carolina (NC). Methods and Results: Using data on all the LS7 metrics collected by the CDC, USDA, BRFSS, and Community Health Assessments, we created a Modified LS7 scoring system, calculated scores for all 100 counties in NC, and created a regression model that predicts county-level hospital discharge rates for diseases and disorders of the circulatory system (Figure 1). Modified LS7 scores ranged from 60.8 to 80.6 (median = 73.1, SD = 3.9). Hospital discharge rates per 100,000 population ranged from 753.4 to 2223.4 (median = 1345.6, SD = 328.7). We found a negative correlation (R-squared = 0.610) between Modified LS7 scores and county-level hospital discharge rates. Counties in the mountain and piedmont regions had significantly higher mean Modified LS7 scores (74.3, 95% CI: 73.5-75.2; 73.9, 95% CI: 72.8-75.0) and lower mean discharge rates (1167.1, 95% CI: 1074.7-1259.5; 1273.9, 95% CI: 1181.4-1366.2) than counties in the coastal plains region (70.7, 95% CI: 69.4-72.0; 1612.3, 95% CI: 1518.5-1706.1). Studentized residuals and leverage points were used to identify five low performing counties and two high performing counties of interest for further analyses. Conclusions: The coastal region of NC was found to have significantly higher CVH risk and poorer CVH outcomes compared to the piedmont and mountain regions. The Modified LS7 model provides a novel approach to examine county-level variation in CVH that had previously only been reported at the national, state or individual level.

Abstract TP366: Significant Reduction in Readmission Using Transitions Nurse

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiersten Espaillat ◽  
Paula Buckner
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Transitional Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Care Coordinator ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Before And After

In an effort to reduce early hospital readmissions, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) implemented a transitional care coordinator (TCC) to provide careful coordinated follow up care for stroke patients after hospital discharge. The aim of this study is to compare all cause thirty- day readmission rates of adult patients with a primary diagnosis of stroke before and after the implementation of a stroke services TCC. All adult patients admitted to VUMC with a primary diagnosis of stroke; ischemic, hemorrhagic, and TIA; and readmitted within the first thirty days following hospital discharge between January-June of 2015, 2016, 2017, & 2018 were analyzed. Readmission data from 2015 & 2016, prior to the implementation of the TCC was compared to readmission data from 2017 & 2018, after the TCC was implemented. A total of 1911 charts were reviewed for the timeframe January-June of 2015-2018. In 2015 there were 369 stroke admissions and 120 (33%) were readmitted and in 2016 there were 474 stroke admissions and 112 (24%) readmissions, before the TCC role was implemented. In 2017 there were 540 stroke admissions and 62 (11%) were readmitted and in 2018 there were 528 stroke admissions and 74 (14%) readmissions, after the TCC role was implemented. Hospital readmissions were reduced significantly after implementing a TCC.

Model Estimates of Hospitalization Discharge Rates for Norovirus Gastroenteritis in Europe, 2004-2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Negro Calduch ◽  
Tom Cattaert ◽  
Thomas Verstraeten
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Patient Discharge ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
European Free Trade Association ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Norovirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Modelling Methods

Abstract Background: Norovirus is an important cause of acute gastroenteritis globally. However, norovirus is rarely laboratory confirmed or recorded explicitly as a cause of hospitalization. In recent years, there has been an interest in using medical databases and indirect modelling methods to estimate the incidence of norovirus gastroenteritis. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of hospitalizations for norovirus gastroenteritis in Europe (2004- 2015) using nationwide in-patient discharge records from different European countries.Methods: National hospital discharge registers in all 28 European Union countries (at that time) and all 4 European Free Trade Association countries were contacted and invited to participate in the study. Discharges with ICD9/ICD10 codes for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) as first-listed (principal) diagnosis were extracted to assess hospitalization rates for AGE and norovirus gastroenteritis (NGE), overall, by age group, country, month, and seasonal year. To estimate NGE hospital discharge rates, a statistical model, based on the temporal patterns of occurrence of AGE, was used. Results: Data were available from 15 countries, representing 68% of the total population in Europe. Only 24.4% of all AGE discharges were coded as cause-specified. We estimated that between 2004 and 2015, the overall rate of NGE hospital discharges in Europe was 3.9 per 10,000 person-years, ranging from 1.2 (Portugal) to 10.7 (Lithuania). Norovirus was predicted to be responsible for 17% of all AGE hospital discharges in Europe in this period. Norovirus affects individuals of all ages, but NGE discharge rates were highest in children <5 years (24.8 per 10,000 person-years), and adults aged ≥80 years (10.7 per 10,000 person-years). Conclusion: We estimated that 1 in 400 hospitalizations in Europe can be attributed to Norovirus. In the absence of routine norovirus testing and recording in hospital settings, modelling methods are useful resources to estimate the incidence of norovirus gastroenteritis.

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