scholarly journals Perception of the transition from the biomedical model to the biopsychosocial model in internal users from the CESFAM Pinares, Chiguayante

Medwave ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. e5290-e5290
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Ibarra Peso ◽  
Arlette Hernández Castro ◽  
Samuel Meza Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Biomedical Model

Personhood, dementia policy and the Irish National Dementia Strategy

Dementia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1810-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Hennelly ◽  
Eamon O’Shea
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Direct Reference ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Care Models

Personhood and its realisation in person-centred care is part of the narrative, if not always the reality, of care for people with dementia. This paper examines how personhood is conceptualised and actualised in Ireland through a content analysis of organisational and individual submissions from stakeholders in the development of the Irish National Dementia Strategy, followed by an examination of the Strategy itself. The organisational submissions are further categorised into dementia care models. A structural analysis of the Strategy examines its principles, actions and outcomes in relation to personhood. Of the 72 organisational and individual submissions received in the formulation of the Strategy, 61% contained references to personhood and its synonyms. Of the 35 organisational submissions, 40% fit a biomedical model, 31% a social model and 29% a biopsychosocial model. The Strategy contains one direct reference to personhood and 33 to personhood synonyms. Half of these references were contained within its key principles and objectives; none were associated with priority actions or outcomes. While stakeholders value personhood and the Strategy identifies personhood as an overarching principle, clearer direction on how personhood and person-centred care can be supported in practice and through regulation is necessary in Ireland. The challenge, therefore, is to provide the information, knowledge, incentives and resources for personhood to take hold in dementia care in Ireland.

Health psychology and the biopsychosocial paradigm: an epistemological essay

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2309
Author(s):  
Adriana De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Health Psychology ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Concepts Of Health ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze, through an epistemological essay, the biopsychosocial paradigm, which is widely used to guide the practices in Health Psychology. Method: this is a theoretical study that, through a literature review, proposes an epistemological reflection. For this, the concepts of health and illness were approached, situating the treatments used over time; the notion of Health Psychology and its historical aspects with regard to the emergence and transition from the biomedical to the biopsychosocial model. Results: the coexistence of different versions of the biopsychosocial model, which enclose different epistemological assumptions, are identified through hierarchical or interactionist and integrative or dialectical metatheories. The interactionist metatheory assumes a dualistic (bio + psychosocial) conception, supported by the positivist and biomedical model, with a hierarchical prevalence between the areas concerned when they submit themselves to the epistemological authority of biomedicine. In its turn, in the integrative metatheory, the biological, psychological, and social dimensions interact dialectically, presenting an affinity with the Hippocratic doctrine. Conclusion: the health psychologist’s practices encompass an epistemological attitude, even when he/she ignores it. Therefore, divergent epistemological positions can be identified within the designation biopsychosocial. Descriptors: knowledge; behavioral medicine; practice (psychology).RESUMOObjetivo: analisar, por meio de ensaio epistemológico, o paradigma biopsicossocial, que é amplamente usado para orientar as práticas em Psicologia da Saúde. Método: trata-se de um estudo teórico que, por meio de revisão de literatura, propõe-se a uma reflexão epistemológica. Para tanto, abordaram-se os conceitos de saúde e doença, situando os tratamentos utilizados ao longo do tempo; a concepção de Psicologia da Saúde e seus aspectos históricos de surgimento e a transição do modelo biomédico para o biopsicossocial. Resultados: identifica-se por intermédio das metateorias hierárquica ou interacionista e integradora ou dialética a coexistência de diferentes versões do modelo biopsicossocial, as quais encerram pressupostos epistemológicos distintos. A metateoria interacionista presume uma concepção dualista (bio + psicossocial), alinhando-se ao modelo positivista e biomédico, com prevalência hierárquica entre as áreas envolvidas ao se submeterem à autoridade epistemológica da biomedicina. Já na metateoria integrativa, as dimensões biológica, psicológica e social interagem dialeticamente, apresentando afinidade com a doutrina hipocrática. Conclusão: as práticas do psicólogo da saúde comportam uma atitude epistemológica, mesmo que por ele ignorada. Portanto, dentro da denominação biopsicossocial é possível reconhecer posições epistemológicas divergentes. Descritores: conhecimento; medicina do comportamento; prática (psicologia).RESUMENObjetivo: analizar, a través de ensayo epistemológico, el paradigma biopsicosocial, que es ampliamente utilizado para guiar las prácticas en Psicología de la Salud. Método: esto es un estudio teórico que, por medio de revisión de literatura, se propone a una reflexión epistemológica. Por lo tanto, fueron abordados los conceptos de salud y enfermedad, situando los tratamientos utilizados al paso del tiempo; la concepción de Psicología de la Salud y sus aspectos históricos de surgimiento y la transición del modelo biomédico para el modelo biopsicosocial. Resultados: se identifica a través de las metateorías jerárquica o interaccionista y integradora o dialéctica la coexistencia de diferentes versiones del modelo biopsicosocial, que contienen diferentes supuestos epistemológicos. La metateoría interaccionista presume una concepción dualista (bio + psicosocial), alineandose al modelo positivista y biomédico, con prevalencia jerárquica entre las áreas envueltas sometiendose a la autoridad epistemológica de la biomedicina. Ya en la metateoría integradora, las dimensiones biológica, psicológica y social constituyen una relación dialéctica, presentando afinidad con la doctrina hipocrática. Conclusión: las prácticas del psicólogo de la salud comportan una actitud epistemológica, aunque lo ignore. Por lo tanto, dentro de la denominación biopsicosocial pueden ser reconocidas posiciones epistemológicas divergentes. Descriptores: conocimiento; medicina del comportamiento; práctica (psicología).

The theoretical background to arts in health

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt
Keyword(s):  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
Behavioural Medicine ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Arts In Health

This chapter explores how definitions of health have shifted over the past 200 years. It charts the rise of the biomedical model, considering its position in relation to other fields of work, including public health, psychosomatic medicine, and behavioural medicine. It examines the theories of psychiatrist George Engel and his proposition of the biopsychosocial model, and the steady increase in theory and research around mental health, positive psychology, and wellbeing. Research into the health benefits of the arts are then explored in relation to these theoretical frameworks to illustrate the wide-ranging biological, physiological, psychological, and social effects of the arts that have been identified.

Clinical Application of the Biopsychosocial Model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Psychiatric Patient ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Patient Centered Medicine

Work by the late Dr. George Engel comprises this chapter of Patient-Centered Medicine: A Human Experience in which the clinical application of the biopsychosocial model is examined. How physicians approach patients and the problems they present are influenced by the conceptual models around which their knowledge is organized. In this chapter, the implications of the biopsychosocial model for the study and care of a patient with an acute myocardial infarction are presented and contrasted with approaches used by adherents of the more traditional biomedical model. A medical rather than a psychiatric patient was selected to emphasize the unity of medicine and to help define the place of psychiatrists in the education of physicians of the future.

Towards a more relational psychiatry: a critical reflection

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Duncan B. Double
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Transcultural Psychiatry ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
Relational Practice

SUMMARY Criticism of the biomedical model of psychiatry that regards mental illness as brain disease has been labelled ‘anti-psychiatry’. Critical psychiatry arises out of so-called anti-psychiatry, but has additional roots in transcultural psychiatry, its alliance with psychiatric user/survivor groups, and the methodological critique of the neuroscientific basis of mental health problems and psychiatric treatment effectiveness. It is not opposed to psychiatry as such and argues for a person-centred shift for practice and research. This article discusses how a more truly biopsychosocial model, which critiques the biomedical model to produce a more relational practice, is needed not only for psychiatry but also for medicine in general.

scholarly journals Biopsychosocial model in psychiatry as an optimal paradigm for relevant biomedical research

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Neznanov ◽  
G. V. Rukavishnikov ◽  
E. D. Kaysanov ◽  
D. S. Philippov ◽  
A. O. Kibitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Biomedical Model ◽  
Simple Description ◽  
Biological Medicine ◽  
New Research

The biopsychosocial model, as well as a number of approaches and paradigms based on it (scientific, clinical, preventive, therapeutic), currently cause a lot of criticism up to the complete denial of its use in psychiatry possibilities. The aim of this paper is to propose a modern interpretation of the biopsychosocial model in psychiatry for the further studies of the mental disorders etiopathogenesis and for the research of new opportunities for their therapy and prevention. Progress in biological medicine and the emergence of new research technologies today open up new opportunities for the actual interpretation of the biopsychosocial model and its application for the modern biopsychosocial paradigm, which can be used both as a research strategy and for the relevant scientifically based methods of therapy and prevention. Thus, it is important to understand that the biopsychosocial model is not a competitor or antithesis of the biomedical model, but allows one to expand the biological boundaries beyond a simple description of the organs and systems functioning.

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