John Galen Howard and the University of California: the design of a great public university campus

The campus became the quintessential space of protest in the late 1960s. This was a transnational phenomenon, but it exploded into life at campuses like the University of California, Berkeley and at Columbia University, New York, and often with mixed agendas. Race was a key element of these campus protests, suggesting that the activism had a strong socially-progressive trajectory. However, in 1968 schisms could be detected in the until-recently unified SDS, in which a belief in participatory democracy clashed with more radical and separatist agendas. The university campus thus became a site of confrontation between students and authority figures, but also between student factions with different agendas. This chapter examines the historical, sociological and racial factors that shaped these demonstrations and considers the ways in which the campus continued to be the stage for confrontation.

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The Road to Private Prison Divestment

Boom A Journal of California ◽

10.1525/boom.2016.6.2.98 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 98-103

Author(s):

Anthony J. Williams

Keyword(s):

Black Student ◽

Public University ◽

University Of California ◽

Private Prisons ◽

University System ◽

The Road ◽

Youth Organization ◽

Private Prison ◽

The University ◽

Prison Abolition

Until December 2015, the University of California maintained $25 million of indirect investments in three major private prison corporations and almost no one knew. The UC is now the first U.S. public university system to sell its shares in private prisons, however it was activism that propelled the victory. Black students from the Afrikan Black Coalition, a statewide Black youth organization, used research from Enlace and strategic planning to demand private prison divestment. This personal reflection on the path toward prison abolition examines some of the strengths and resurgence of Black student organizing in the era of #BlackLivesMatter.

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Affirmative action, critical mass, and a predictive model of undergraduate student body demographics

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0250266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0250266

Author(s):

Daniel P. Maes ◽

Julia Tucher ◽

Chad M. Topaz

Keyword(s):

Affirmative Action ◽

Undergraduate Student ◽

Critical Mass ◽

Public University ◽

University Of California ◽

Student Body ◽

Modeling Framework ◽

University Campuses ◽

Definition Of ◽

The University

Black and Latinx students are underrepresented on most public university campuses. At the same time, affirmative action policies are controversial and legally fraught. The Supreme Court has ruled that affirmative action should help a minoritized group achieve a critical mass of representation. While the idea of critical mass is frequently invoked in law and in policy, the term remains ill-defined and hence difficult to operationalize. Motivated by these challenges, we build a mathematical model to forecast undergraduate student body racial/ethnic demographics on public university campuses. Our model takes the form of a Markov chain that tracks students through application, admission, matriculation, retention, and graduation. Using publicly available data, we calibrate our model for two different campuses within the University of California system, test it for accuracy, and make a 10-year prediction. We also propose a coarse definition of critical mass and use our model to assess progress towards it at the University of California-Berkeley. If no policy changes are made over the next decade, we predict that the Latinx population on campus will move towards critical mass but not achieve it, and that the Black student population will decrease, moving further below critical mass. Because affirmative action is banned in California and in nine other states, it is worthwhile to consider alternative policies for diversifying a campus, including targeted recruitment and retention efforts. Our modeling framework provides a setting in which to test the efficacy of affirmative action and of these alternative policies.

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University food environment: characterization and changes from 2011 to 2016 in a Brazilian public university

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-9865202033e200058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda da Silva FRANCO ◽

Daniela Silva CANELLA ◽

Patrícia Maria Périco PEREZ ◽

Daniel Henrique BANDONI ◽

Inês Rugani Ribeiro de CASTRO

Keyword(s):

Food Environment ◽

Food Choices ◽

Public University ◽

Processed Foods ◽

University Campus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Relative Disadvantage ◽

The Difference ◽

The University ◽

The City

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the food environment of a public university located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and to review the changes that occurred between the years 2011 and 2016. Methods Time trend study (through repeated cross-sectional studies) of the sale of food, culinary preparations and beverages in the University Campus establishments in 2011, 2012 and 2016. Variables regarding the description of the establishments and the offer, price and advertising of food, beverages and culinary preparations were assessed through a checklist. Comparisons between establishments in each year and the analysis of such comparison changes during the period were performed by assessing the difference between absolute and relative values observed in each year. Results Increased number of establishments available, good convenience and financial accessibility were observed. There was a relative disadvantage in the availability of fresh or minimally processed foods and culinary preparations; a predominance of advertising of ultra-processed foods; and lack of nutritional information of culinary preparations. The predominance of establishments selling snacks and candies increased over the years. Conclusion In the period studied, the university food environment did not favor healthy food choices.

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Affirmative action, critical mass, and a predictive model of undergraduate student body demographics

10.31235/osf.io/kg3aq ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel P. Maes ◽

Julia Tucher ◽

Chad M. Topaz

Keyword(s):

Affirmative Action ◽

Undergraduate Student ◽

Critical Mass ◽

Public University ◽

University Of California ◽

Student Body ◽

Modeling Framework ◽

University Campuses ◽

Definition Of ◽

The University

Black and Latinx students are underrepresented on most public university campuses. At the same time, affirmative action policies are controversial and legally fraught. The Supreme Court has ruled that affirmative action should help a minoritized group achieve a critical mass of representation. While the idea of critical mass is frequently invoked in law and in policy, the term remains ill-defined and hence difficult to operationalize. Motivated by these challenges, we build a mathematical model to forecast undergraduate student body racial/ethnic demographics on public university campuses. Our model takes the form of a Markov chain that tracks students through application, admission, matriculation, retention, and graduation. Using publicly available data, we calibrate our model for two different campuses within the University of California system, test it for accuracy, and make a 10-year prediction. We also propose a definition of critical mass and use our model to assess progress towards it at the University of California-Berkeley. If no policy changes are made over the next decade, we predict that the Latinx population on campus will move towards critical mass but not achieve it, and that the Black student population will decrease, moving further below critical mass. Because affirmative action is banned in California and in nine other states, it is worthwhile to consider alternative policies for diversifying a campus, including targeted recruitment and retention efforts. Our modeling framework provides a setting in which to test the efficacy of affirmative action and of these alternative policies.

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