The making of Iran's Islamic Revolution: from monarchy to Islamic Republic

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 26-2887-26-2887
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashim Kamali

Iran’s experience of Islamic criminal law is closely connected with Ayatollah Khomeini and the Islamic Revolution of 1979. A new constitution and a set of criminal and civil laws were introduced in the early 1980s and eventually culminated in introduction of the Islamic Penal Code 2013. This chapter provides an overview of that code and its provisions on Islamic punishments, the controversies it has generated, and how the legislative bodies and the government took measures to address them.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Baharak Partowazar ◽  
Fakhreddin Soltani

Relationship between Iran and the United States started with a Trade Agreement during Qajar dynasty during Amir Kabir chancellorship, though formal diplomatic relationship was not established until 1944.During Pahlavi dynasty, their relationship improved and after the Islamic revolution their relationship transformedinto the hostility.Therefore, Iran-U.S relation has experienced complex changes. This article attempts to study major shifts in Iran-U.S relationssince Qajar dynasty until the end of Rafsanjani presidency in the Islamic Republic of Iran.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
Javier Mª Ruiz Arévalo

Founded after the triumph of the Islamic Revolution, the Corps of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard of Iran has evolved far beyond its original foundations as an ideological guardian of the nascent revolutionary regime. Today, it functions as a socio-political-economic conglomerate, whose influence extends to all areas of Iranian life. Its members have articulated a vision of the Islamic Republic that they feel committed to defending, becoming guarantors of the ideological purity of the regime whose supreme leader rests on its support, while increasingly depending on it to survive.


2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180
Author(s):  
Ronen A. Cohen

A clandestine group, symbolically called after the 9th century Iranian historical figure, “Babak Khorramdin Organisation”, appeared after the Islamic Revolution with the aim of overthrowing the Islamic government and restoring the Iranian nationalism at the expense of what they consider to be an overcultivation of the Muslim and Shi‘a identity. The article describes the organisation’s structure, character and methods, its political and national agenda, its vision and its struggle against the Islamic regime.


Philosophies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Sina Mirzaei

In the form of a case study and based upon novel material about the reception of Spinoza’s Theological–Political Treatise (TTP) in Iran, this paper studies issues with the interactions among political, theological and philosophical ideas in the reception of Spinoza’s TTP. The paper starts with the first Iranian encounters with Spinoza’s philosophy in the Qajar era in the nineteenth century and then focuses on the reception of the TTP in the period after the 1979 Islamic Revolution. The first translation of the TTP was prepared in the 1990s by Muḥsin Jahāngīrī, but he withheld the manuscript from being published. I discuss the arguments that led him to withhold the publication of his translation; in this context, it will be important to consider the tumultuous religious and political debates, and broader questions as to the legitimacy of political power will also prove relevant. The first doctoral dissertation in Persian about the TTP will be described, followed by a description of a digital translation of the twentieth chapter of the TTP, which was published after the 2009 election protests. The article ends with discussing translator Ali Ferdowsi’s motivation to produce the first complete Persian translation of the TTP, published in Tehran in 2017. In conclusion, it will be discussed to which extent the theocratic political context in the country caused interest in the TTP.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Munawar Hussain Panhwar ◽  
Ronaque Ali Behan

The Islamic Revolution, as one of the greatest political developments in thetwentieth century - caused a radical change in the Iranian political system.Consequently, it has posed a tough challenge for the American politics inprotecting its significant interests in the region. Since then, the US hasemployed multiple methods to contain the growing influence of Iran which hasleft the tremendous impact on its interests in the region. Similar, approacheshave been used against many other countries of the world where the Americaninterests have been affected. Thus, understanding the US tools and strategiesused against the Islamic Republic of Iran would help independent countriesbetter to confront with the similar problems. This research tries to respondthis question that what were the US strategies to control and contain theIslamic Republic in the last four decades? Mearsheimer's offensive realismhas been used to answer that question. The offensive realist approach hasbeen extensively discussed to find out the similar patterns in the US strategytowards Iran. The results of this article clearly point to the several USstrategies to control the power and maintain an influence of the IslamicRepublic of Iran in the Middle East which has posed the potential challengesto the American interests in the said region.


Author(s):  
Ali Abas Dinarvand ◽  
Ahmad Azin ◽  
Alireza Golshani

In the era of the Islamic Revolution and later the traditional networks and connections available in Iran that were generally religious, such as: mosques, tekyehs (place of Shia mourning for Imam Hussein), religious boards and seminaries, along with also religious values and norms in society a particular form of social capital was created. The main objective of the study is to analyze the formation and increase of social capital in the Islamic Republic of Iran. To achieve this objective, descriptive and documentary data collection methods are used. The collected materials are then categorized and used using the tab technique to obtain considered results. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the existing traditional networks in Iran that continued to the farthest reaches of Iran, religious norms are mentioned as effective factors in the creation and increase of social capital and a factor of confidence-building between social and religious leaders.


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