Bridging the Gap between Civilizations: Swami Vivekananda

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Stanislovas Juknevičius ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Creative Work ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Practice Meditation ◽  
East And West ◽  
Service To Others ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Moral Requirements ◽  
Moral Evolution

The article analyses Swami Vivekananda’s views on differences between civilisations and how they can be overcome. It focuses on the role of religion in the process of the coming together of the civilisations of the East and West. Vivekananda treats various religions as a manifestation of one universal religion and considered the morality of the individual as the main criterion of religion. Depending on the moral requirements, Vivekananda distinguishes three basic religious steps. The simplest and most common form of religion is the fulfilment of the historically-formed religious moral requirements. Individuals with a higher need for improvement can practice meditation. People at the highest stage of moral evolution perceive their lives as a constant and tireless service to others. Vivekananda’s life and creative work is the theoretical and practical basis for these fundamental claims of universal religion.

History Through the Prism of V.V. Rozanov’s Views and Myth-Creating

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Galina V. Talina
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Static Image ◽  
State Bureaucracy ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Public Person

The article analyzes V.V. Rozanov’s conceptions of antiquity, Middle Ages and new history. Rozanov singles out three periods of Russian history – Kiev, Vladimir-Moscow and Petersburg ones. The essence of each of those periods the philosopher consecutively correlates with adoption of Christianity, political organization formation and the beginning of individual creative work dominance. While interpreting his contemporary events as a public person and a journalist, Rozanov regards earlier epochs from the position of a myth-creator. The diverse historical process gives way to the literary and static image of the epoch. The author of the article pays special attention to how Rozanov characterizes historical personalities, to his views on the role of religion, state, bureaucracy and parliamentarism.

scholarly journals Vyacheslav Lipinski about the peculiarities of nation-building and the role of religion in this process

2002 ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Z.V. Shved
Keyword(s):  
Nation Building ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

Over the last decade, interest in the heritage of such national thinkers who have worked in the space of sociocultural and religious studies has become relevant. That is why, in our opinion, the appeal to Vyacheslav Lipynsky's creative work is justified. Today, his legacy can be used not only to understand the history of society and the state, but also to understand some aspects of our present. Therefore, you should listen more carefully to the thoughts of this thinker.

Promoting exchange between East and West management cultures: The role of dialogue

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muayyad Jabri
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Narrative Identity ◽  
Instrumental Rationality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mistaken Assumption ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cross National

AbstractThis paper calls on cultural studies as a resource for rethinking East and West management cultures. An analysis of East and West management cultures reveals that much of our prevailing knowledge of East and West management cultures is derived from cross-national comparisons of culture. These comparisons are predicated on assumptions of instrumental rationality and the cultural homogeneity of the self with social others, which effectively presume an ontology of the self as stable, enduring, and the same as social others. For promoting exchange between East and West management cultures, there is a need to move beyond this mistaken assumption of ontological ‘sameness’. To achieve this, the paper argues that at least two changes are required: (i) reversing the tendency to treat culture as an entity that is separate from the individual; and (ii) reversing the tendency to treat the narrative identity of the individual as stable and enduring. With a view to realising these changes, the paper proposes the notion of ‘dialogical encounter’ as a means of enabling individuals to be given a role in determining how their culture is ‘made known’ to others.

scholarly journals The Idiolect of Ernestine de Champourcin in Terms of Cultural Accommodation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-980
Author(s):  
Yakov M. Druzhkov ◽  
Olga S. Chesnokova
Keyword(s):  
Creative Work ◽  
Poetic Text ◽  
Cultural Accommodation ◽  
Poetic Translation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Ernestina De Champourcin

This article is devoted to the idiolect of Ernestina de Champourcin, a contemporary of the Generation-27, an iconic group of Spanish poets of the 20th century. The authors propose is to consider the poetess's idiolect in the aspect of cultural accommodation beyond the traditional translation discourse, through the analysis of two poetry collections - Presencia a oscuras and Primer exilio which stand at the turn of two stages of Ernestina de Champourcin's creative work. The authors analyse the aesthetic, cognitive and linguistic vectors of the poet's idiolect and systematise the reasons for its dynamics. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the elements of the poetic idiolect of her works of different periods, the authors note that the idiolect evolves in accordance with the conditions created by cultural accommodation, and therefore the consideration of cultural accommodation is possible not only in the context of translation adequacy and equivalence, but also chronologically, at the level of idiolect, as evidenced, in particular, by the use of regional variations of lexical units, syntax and the prevalence of this or that temporal plane. The analysis of idiolect makes it possible to narrow the perspective of the material under study, and thus represents the first link of the work on poetic translation. It is argued that the translation of a poetic text is impossible without considering the internal cultural accommodation of the idiolect, which takes place according to the cultural accommodation of the individual and independently of the translation. Based on their analysis, the authors emphasize the role of idiolect as a key factor in the studies devoted to the chronological description of the creative formation of any poet.

scholarly journals The growth of Protestantism in Brazil and its impact on male earnings, 1970-2000

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E Potter ◽  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral ◽  
Robert D. Woodberry
Keyword(s):  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
White Population ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Role Of Religion

Protestantism has expanded rapidly in Brazil in recent decades. The question we tackle in this paper is whether Protestantism has had a positive influence on male earnings in this setting, either through its influence on health and productivity, by way of social networks or employer favor and reduced discrimination, or through other mechanisms. We tackle the problem of the selectivity of religious conversion and affiliation using microdata from the Brazilian censuses of 1970, 1980, 1991, and 2000, and analyzing the association between Protestantism and earnings at the group rather than the individual level. Our results show a strong association between the proportion of Protestants in a region, and the earnings of men in one educational group: those with less than five years of education. Upon introducing race into our models, we found that the association between religion and the earnings of less educated men is concentrated in regions in which there is a substantial non-white population. The relationships we have uncovered contribute to the literature on racial inequality and discrimination in Brazil, which to date has given little space to the role of religion in moderating the pernicious effect of race on economic outcomes in Brazil. The substantial association we found between religion and earnings contrasts with much of the research that has been carried out on the influence of religion on earnings in the United States.

Milczenie Boga w Twórczości Literackiej Arnolda Schönberga / The Silence of God in Arnold Schönberg’s Literary Texts

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 465-488
Author(s):  
Michalina Kmiecik
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Great Length ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Divine Presence ◽  
Religious Dimension ◽  
Apophatic Theology ◽  
Musical Works ◽  
Role Of Religion

Summary This article attempts to delineate the religious dimension of Arnold Schönberg’s literary texts. The question about the role of religion in his creative work has been discussed at great length, though almost always with reference to his musical compositions. His literary texts, however, do not deserve such neglect as they address a number of fundamental religious concerns. The author is perplexed by the elusiveness of the divine presence, his inability to express the experience of Nothingness and Absolute Abstraction, the necessity of praying treated as an act of defiance against the void. The article also discusses Schönberg’s libretti to his major musical works (Die Jakobsleiter, Moses und Aron, and Moderne Psalmen) and his drama Der biblische Weg. It is there that the composer shows how the modern man’s religious experience gets tainted by negativity and a sense of God’s absence. The only way to cope with the problem of Le Dieu caché is to enter the path of apophatic theology, that is to try to approach Him through negation, adopt the attitude of ‘deliberate incomprehension’ and puts one’s trust in paradoxes

scholarly journals The trauma of condemnation and the embellishment of an illegitimate child as a source of regeneration in Lizzie Leigh and Ruth

Ars Aeterna ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Taher Badinjki
Keyword(s):  
Social Value ◽  
Illegitimate Child ◽  
Traditional Taxonomy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
Role Of Religion

Abstract This paper focuses on Mrs Gaskell’s treatment of the erring girl in Lizzie Leigh (1850) and Ruth (1853) and the new elements that she introduces which brand the treatment as different. Contrary to her Victorian contemporaries, Mrs Gaskell stresses the role of religion, the use of biblical quotations on the treatment of the sinner, and the role of motherhood. The paper also shows how Mrs Gaskell makes the illegitimate child an incentive towards repentance and hope of reclamation. Through her motherly love and devotion to her child, a mother rises and grows in character and faith. Moreover, the paper demonstrates Mrs Gaskell’s condemnation of the falsity of the traditional taxonomy of “illegitimate” or “fallen”, and her assertion that social value lies in the inherent properties within the individual. It also highlights how she makes forgiveness for the sinner a duty which society has to fulfil, and maintains that if the charitable and the kind are forced “to lie” because of the existing social and moral attitudes, then it is imperative that they should be changed so that “lies” are unnecessary. It concludes by investigating the stormy reception and the controversy it created among readers.

scholarly journals Beyond the Cataclysm: Cultural Nationalism in McCarthy’s The Road and Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Nationalism ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Cultural Divide ◽  
The Road ◽  
East And West ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Survival Of The Fittest

Despite the realization that cultures are essentially “hybrid and heterogeneous,” the aftermath of 9/11 saw the bulk of literature re-instating the cultural divide between East and West. This paper compares the futuristic vision in Cormac McCarthy’s The Road and Mohsen Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist to reveal humanity’s regression into a ‘survival of the fittest’ state from a dual Western and Eastern view. This reading therefore provides a cultural perspective involving a methodology that includes theorists and researchers in the field in order to illustrate the extent to which one can validate the culture to which one belongs. It also contributes to the debate over the role of religion and culture in acquiring a sense of nationalism.

scholarly journals The Relevance of the Centrality and Content of Religiosity for Explaining Islamophobia in Switzerland

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Yendell ◽  
Stefan Huber
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Abrahamic Religions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Role Of Religion

Research on Islamophobia in Switzerland, and on the role of religiosity in relation to Islamophobia, is in its infancy. Against this background, we analyzed data from an online survey conducted in Switzerland on “Xenosophia and Xenophobia in and between Abrahamic religions”. The results of a multivariate analysis revealed that, besides right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and political orientation, indicators related to religion play a crucial role. We found that the greater the role of religion, and the more central it is for the individual, the more likely it is that the individual has a positive view of Islam. We claim that a person’s level of religiosity is accompanied by her adoption of religious values, such as neighbourliness and tolerance, and that the more religious individuals are, the more likely they are occupied with different religions, which leads to tolerance as long as it is not accompanied by a fundamentalist religious orientation. Also relevant is that the preference for the state to have a secularized relationship with religion is accompanied by a fear of Islam. We propose that studies on Islamophobia, as well as on other prejudices, should use differentiated measures for religiosity; the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS) turned out to be a reliable instrument of measurement in this regard.

scholarly journals Islam in the Syrian War: Spotting the Various Dimensions of Religion in Conflict

Religions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Maximilian Lakitsch
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Motivational Aspect ◽  
Sunni Islam ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Determining Factor

Religion has been a determining factor in the recent Syrian war since its beginnings, as a prominent identity marker as well as a motivational aspect on the path of jihad. This paper seeks to contribute to a more thorough understanding of the conflict dynamics in Syria by adequately describing the role of religion in the war. Its comprehensive approach takes into account various ontological manifestations of religion: as an identity, a discourse, in its doctrinal aspect as a set of teachings, and in its significance for the individual believer. In doing so, the paper will focus on Sunni Islam as the focal point of the most crucial intersections of religion and conflict in Syria. Finally, religion will be described as a resource for reconciliation in Syria.

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