The Scientific Community as the Ideal of the Universal Human Community

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Władysław Krajewski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Human Community ◽  
The Ideal

Abraham Maslow, Utopian Realist

2021 ◽  
pp. 002216782110076
Author(s):  
Nadine Weidman
Keyword(s):  
Linear Systems ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Abraham Maslow ◽  
Human Community ◽  
Community Or ◽  
Non Linear Systems ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Ideal

The ideal human community or “Eupsychia” envisioned by Abraham Maslow was a place inhabited by a thousand “self-actualizing people” who shared a devotion to certain higher values. These values were, for Maslow, universally human and biologically rooted, and they included truth, beauty, justice, and the ability to become the best that one was capable of becoming. In addition to imagining it, Maslow searched for Eupsychia in reality and thought he had found it in three California locations: Non-Linear Systems, a technology company; Synanon, a drug rehab center; and Esalen, a hippie retreat. Despite its dependence on shared values, for Maslow Eupsychia was not a perfect place, either in his imagination or in reality, and he realized that its inhabitants would need ways to confront strife and deal with their differences. I suggest that his utopian realism contains an important lesson for our own highly divided 21st-century American society.

Political Ramifications of Formal Ugliness in Kant’s Aesthetics

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
Christopher Buckman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Moral Agency ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Human Community ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The French Revolution

Kant’s theory of taste supports his political theory by providing the judgment of beauty as a symbol of the good and example of teleological experience, allowing us to imagine the otherwise obscure movement of nature and history toward the ideal human community. If interpreters are correct in believing that Kant should make room for pure judgments of ugliness in his theory of taste, we will have to consider the implications of such judgments for Kant’s political theory. It is here proposed that pure, formal ugliness symbolizes regressive, counter-teleological trends in nature and history. Kant’s paradoxical stance on the right to rebellion, both condemning and supporting the French Revolution, is interpreted as failing to take into account negative social forces signified by ugliness, and therefore neglecting the role of moral agency in social change.

scholarly journals The relevance of C. S. Peirce for socio-semiotics

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 231-248
Author(s):  
Janice Deledalle-Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Ideal Form ◽  
Dyadic Model ◽  
The Ideal

Neither Peirce’s thought in general nor his semeiotic in particular would appear to be concerned with ‘society’ as it is generally conceived today. Moreover, Peirce rarely mentions ‘society’, preferring the term ‘community’, which his readers have often interpreted restrictively. There are two essential points to be borne in mind. In the first place, the epithet ‘social’ refers here not to the object of thought, but to its production, its mode of action and its transmission and conservation. In the second place, the term ‘community’ is not restricted to the scientific community, as is sometimes supposed. On the contrary, it refers to the ideal form of a society, which he calls ‘the unlimited community’, i. e. a group of people striving towards a common goal. Furthermore, Peirce’s semeiotic has been put in doubt as capable of providing a model for communication, the basis of social, dialogic, thought and action. The aim of the present article is to show that semeiotic, funded as it is on Peirce’s three categories, which define and delimit the ways in which man perceives and represents the phenomena, can provide a comprehensive model for the analysis of all types of communication in all social contexts. Finally, in this domain, as in others, Peirce was a forerunner, with the result that his thought has often been misunderstood or forgotten. In addition, he was pre-eminently a philosopher, thus his work has been neglected in other disciplines. The elaboration of other triadic systems, such as, notably, that of Rossi-Landi, shows that the tendency of semiotics in general is to move away from the former static, dyadic model towards that involving a triadic process. This trend, with which Peircean theory is in harmony, has been sharply accentuated in recent years, but often lacks a philosophical justification for its assumptions, which Peirce provides.

scholarly journals The Hierarchy of Values in the Contemporary Science

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iurii A. Mielkov
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
The Ideal

<p>The author follows the philosophical conception of the contemporary science that presents it as “post-non-classical”—as an emerging paradigm of dialectical comprehension of scientific knowledge that resolves the contradiction between classical monism and non-classical plurality by enabling the approach to considering the reality as unity in plurality. In the light of that conception, scientific values and goals constitute an elaborate hierarchical system, its highest level being presented by the ideal as the embodiment of both the final goal of the whole activity and the fundamental value that defines the goal-setting on lower hierarchy levels. The current crisis of science, as well as crises visible in many other spheres of human activity, could in fact be traced to the crisis of values—particularly, to the latency of the higher levels of values, and especially that of the ideal, that forces lower “means” to serve as quasi-values while profaning the whole enterprise. That is, instead of searching for the truth, scientific community is engaged only in mundane activities like supporting its own institutional existence and providing profit for its members. The proposed solution to the current crisis could be presented in the form of asserting human personality as the autonomous subject of moral judgment and philosophical recognition of the ideal level as the ultimate determinant of scientific activity.</p>

scholarly journals Putting the Self in Self-Correction: Findings From the Loss-of-Confidence Project

2021 ◽  
pp. 174569162096410
Author(s):  
Julia M. Rohrer ◽  
Warren Tierney ◽  
Eric L. Uhlmann ◽  
Lisa M. DeBruine ◽  
Tom Heyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
The Self ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Record ◽  
Scientific Claims ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Ideal

Science is often perceived to be a self-correcting enterprise. In principle, the assessment of scientific claims is supposed to proceed in a cumulative fashion, with the reigning theories of the day progressively approximating truth more accurately over time. In practice, however, cumulative self-correction tends to proceed less efficiently than one might naively suppose. Far from evaluating new evidence dispassionately and infallibly, individual scientists often cling stubbornly to prior findings. Here we explore the dynamics of scientific self-correction at an individual rather than collective level. In 13 written statements, researchers from diverse branches of psychology share why and how they have lost confidence in one of their own published findings. We qualitatively characterize these disclosures and explore their implications. A cross-disciplinary survey suggests that such loss-of-confidence sentiments are surprisingly common among members of the broader scientific population yet rarely become part of the public record. We argue that removing barriers to self-correction at the individual level is imperative if the scientific community as a whole is to achieve the ideal of efficient self-correction.

scholarly journals Putting the Self in Self-Correction: Findings from the Loss-of-Confidence Project

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Marie Rohrer ◽  
Warren Tierney ◽  
Eric Luis Uhlmann ◽  
Lisa Marie DeBruine ◽  
Tom Heyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
The Self ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Record ◽  
Scientific Claims ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Ideal

Science is often perceived to be a self-correcting enterprise. In principle, the assessment of scientific claims is supposed to proceed in a cumulative fashion, with the reigning theories of the day progressively approximating truth more accurately over time. In practice, however, cumulative self-correction tends to proceed less efficiently than one might naively suppose. Far from evaluating new evidence dispassionately and infallibly, individual scientists often cling stubbornly to prior findings. Here we explore the dynamics of scientific self-correction at an individual rather than collective level. In thirteen written statements, researchers from diverse branches of psychology share why and how they have lost confidence in a published finding. We qualitatively characterize these disclosures and explore their implications. A cross-disciplinary survey suggests that such loss-of-confidence sentiments are surprisingly common among members of the broader scientific population, yet rarely become part of the public record. We argue that removing barriers to self-correction at the individual level is imperative if the scientific community as a whole is to achieve the ideal of efficient self-correction.

scholarly journals ECUMENISMO E INSTITUIÇÃO ECLESIAL

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (101) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Mario Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Human Community ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Ecumenical Movement ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Transcendent Reality ◽  
Institutional Dimension ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Ideal

O presente estudo considera a dimensão institucional da Igreja com o objetivo de colaborar no movimento ecumênico. A realidade transcendente e divina da Igreja só existe de fato em sua realidade institucional e histórica, a saber, na comunidade dos fiéis com tudo o que isto implica. Enquanto comunidade humana na história, ela se encontra em contínua interação com o respectivo contexto sociocultural, apresentando ao longo dos séculos configurações diversas para garantir sua identidade de sacramento da salvação de Jesus Cristo. Mesmo reconhecendo as questões ainda pendentes entre as confissões cristãs, esta reflexão reforça o ideal de uma Igreja una na diversidade das confissões.ABSTRACT: This study considers the institutional dimension of Church in order to collaborate with the ecumenical movement. In fact, the divine and transcendent reality of the Church only exists in its institutional and historical reality, that is, in the faithful community with all its implications. While human community in history, the Church remains in constant interaction with its socio-cultural context, presenting throughout the centuries diverse configurations to guarantee its identity as sacrament of Christ’s salvation. Recognizing some open questions among the Christian confessions, this reflection emphasizes the ideal of one Church in the diversity of confessions.

scholarly journals Thyroid Carcinoma in Children and Adolescents—Systematic Review of the Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Vaisman ◽  
Rossana Corbo ◽  
Mario Vaisman
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Staging Systems ◽  
Cancer In Children ◽  
The Ideal

Thyroid cancer in children and adolescents is usually a major concern for physicians, patients, and parents. Controversies regarding the aggressiveness of the clinical presentation and the ideal therapeutic approach remain among the scientific community. The current recommendations and staging systems are based on data generated by studies in adults, and this might lead to overtreating in some cases as well as undertreating in others. Understanding the differences in the biology, clinical course, and outcomes in this population is crucial for therapeutic decisions. This paper evaluates the biology, clinical presentation, recurrences, and overall survival as well as the staging systems in children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid cancer.

scholarly journals Extending the interval of flushing procedures of totally implantable vascular access devices in cancer patients: It is time for a change

2020 ◽  
pp. 112972982095992
Author(s):  
Sergio Bertoglio
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Vascular Access Devices ◽  
Access Device ◽  
Strategy Change ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Instructions For Use ◽  
The Ideal

Several recent literature reports regarding the flushing technique of TIVADs highlight how the definition of the optimal flushing interval is still a source of controversy. Several recent studies indicate more and more frequently how 4 weeks can be considered a too short interval for the flushing of a totally implantable access device (TIVAD); on the other hand most of the main guidelines and instructions for use provided by the device’s manufacturers still suggest an interval between 4 weeks and 1 month as the ideal one. The recent meta-analysis by Wu et al. on this topic, promotes an important strategy change, indicating the possibility of extending the flushing intervals at least up to 8 weeks. This editorial extensively discusses the flushing methods of TIVADs highlighting the need for important and substantial changes, both in extending the range of flushes and in the solutions and methods to be used. It represents an invitation to the scientific community and device manufacturers for a complete revision of the indications on flushing techniques.

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