Orestes Brownson, Old Republican

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Adam L. Tate ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
Constitutional Tradition ◽  
Orestes Brownson

Written in the aftermath of the Civil War, Orestes Brownson’s The American Republic is careful to address the arguments of the recently-defeated southerners. The running debates between southern constitutionalists and their nationalist opponents had produced a rich literature from the 1790s through secession. Brownson himself had known some of this literature and had greatly admired John C. Calhoun, the pre-eminent southern constitutionalist of the 1830s and 1840s. Brownson drew on the Old Republican constitutional tradition in The American Republic in order to counter the tendencies he saw in the northern movement for a national democratic politics. Through comparing Brownson’s ideas in The American Republic to those of Jeffersonian theorist John Taylor of Caroline, his reliance on Old Republican thinking becomes apparent.

Pathways to War in Democratic Transitions

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Mansfield ◽  
Jack Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Democratic Transition ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Democratic Transitions ◽  
Popular Support

We have argued in Electing to Fight and other writings that an incomplete democratic transition increases the risk of international and civil war in countries that lack the institutional capacity to sustain democratic politics. The combination of increasing mass political participation and weak political institutions creates the motive and the opportunity for both rising and declining elites to play the nationalist card in an attempt to rally popular support against domestic and foreign rivals.

Catalan Identity in the 20th Century Novel

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-164
Author(s):  
Adolf Piquer Vidal
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Merce Rodoreda ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Montserrat Roig ◽  
Terenci Moix

The 20th century is definitely the consolidation of Catalan literary movements in which Catalan identity plays a fundamental role. Modernism and avant-garde movements prompted a renewal of literary genres. The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was a point of conflict that led to the exile of most writers in Catalan. However, they continued publishing their works in Catalan. That´s the case of La Plaça del Diamant by Mercé Rodoreda and Cròniques de la veritat oculta by Pere Calders. That process of exile came to an end between 1962 to 1975 (death of Franco). Terenci Moix, Montserrat Roig, and others belonged to a generation called “generació literària dels setanta.” Most of them were born in Spanish postwar, educated in Francoism, concerned to recover the Catalan national identity, democratic politics, and social liberation of women and gay people.

A Century of Lost Time: 1865–1954

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-52
Author(s):  
Justin Collings
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Board Of Education ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
Multiple Generations ◽  
Lost Time ◽  
Constitutional Tradition ◽  
The U.S

This chapter traces the arc of the U.S. Supreme Court’s engagement with the memory of slavery between the end of the Civil War and the Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of Education. The chapter highlights how, across multiple generations of justices, the Court’s mnemonic jurisprudence was dominated by the parenthetical mode. The Court treated slavery as a parenthetical aberration from the American constitutional tradition, and it treated the post-Civil War constitutional amendments as narrow responses to that aberration. On the whole, the Court construed the new amendments in light of the original constitutional structure, rather than the reverse. Eventually, in cases like Plessy v. Ferguson, the parenthetical mode took the form of willful forgetting—a resumption of the relevant evil in altered guise.

scholarly journals From the Bush to the Office: Renamo’s Sustained Support Base During and After the Mozambique Civil War

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suraiya Foss-Philips
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
External Support ◽  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Successful Transition ◽  
Socialist Government ◽  
External Actors ◽  
Common Understanding

The Mozambique National Resistance (RENAMO) is commonly understood as a Cold War-era puppet terrorist group that was intent on destabilizing the nascent socialist government in Mozambique. Since Mozambique ended one-party rule in 1994, this organization continues to serve as the leading democratic opposition to the majority government of the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO). This paper argues that, contrary to common understanding, external actors had a limited role in RENAMO’s development and success relative to often neglected internal factors. Through an examination of RENAMO’s external support base, its evolution, and its recruitment patterns, as well as popular discontent with FRELIMO, this paper will explain the party’s successful transition to democratic politics.

The Blueshirts and the Shadow of the Land League, 1932–4

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-168
Author(s):  
Martin O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
National Centre ◽  
Cumann Na Ngaedheal ◽  
Constitutional Tradition ◽  
Irish Politics

This chapter examines the Land Annuities dispute and its political consequences through the lens of former home rulers and the legacy of the Land League. It analyses how Dillon and MacDermot tried to remain distinct from Cumann na nGaedheal, but also sought to broaden the appeal of the ostensibly agrarian National Centre Party to include emphases on Irish unity and the state’s constitutional status. Examining the formation of the United Ireland Party/Fine Gael, this chapter argues that individuals from home rule backgrounds played a significant role in the origins of this new party. However, the tensions between defenders of a constitutional tradition, unrest in the countryside and Blueshirt leader Eoin O’Duffy meant that Dillon and MacDermot ultimately failed to straddle the dual Irish Party/Land League legacies of constitutionalism and direct action. It is argued that while MacDermot and Dillon sought to move Irish politics beyond the Civil War divide, the events of 1932-4 actually helped to solidify and mould the ‘Civil War’ cleavage, making it one with clear undertones of the 1930s as well as the original confrontation over the Treaty.

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