Effects of moderate- to high-level physical performance on blood levels of cardiac biomarkers in extreme conditions of Antarctica

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Brat ◽  
Zdeněk Merta ◽  
Pavel Ševčík
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
High Level

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of extreme climatic conditions (particularly cold) on levels of cardiac biomarkers after moderate- to high-level physical performance in members of the 6th and 7th Czech Antarctic Scientific Expeditions during their field work in Antarctica. A study evaluating performance-related changes in levels of cardiac biomarkers in extreme conditions of Antarctica. A total of 35 venous blood samples were collected and analyzed from 17 subjects. The first series of blood samples were collected prior to physical performance, the second 8 to 12 hours post-exercise. The third series of samples were collected only in those subjects where pathological values were detected previously. In 1 subject (12.5%), an increase in NT-proBNP level lasting 24 hours was present after physical performance. Interestingly, none of the individuals had a rise in TnT and DD blood levels following physical exertion. We didn’t find changes in TnT and DD blood levels comparable with changes reported in athletes after a marathon. In only one subject, transitional elevation od NT-proBNP was present. This finding might be due to protective effects of cold on cardiac cells. The effects of physical performance and of work in polar regions should be better investigated in future studies.

Arterio-Venous Differences in the Components of the Fibrinolytic Enzyme System

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 032-037 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Ogston ◽  
C. M Ogston ◽  
N. B Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Fibrinolytic Enzyme ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Activator Concentration ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Male Subjects

Summary1. The concentration of the major components of the fibrinolytic enzyme system was compared in venous and arterial blood samples from male subjects.2. The plasminogen activator concentration was higher in venous blood and the arterio-venous difference increased as its concentration rose, but the ratio of the arterial to venous level remained constant.3. No arterio-venous difference was found for anti-urokinase activity, antiplasmin, plasminogen and fibrinogen.4. It is concluded that venous blood determinations of the components of the fibrinolytic enzyme system reflect satisfactorily arterial blood levels.

Neuroimmunomodulation in Cancer Patients: Correlations between Melatonin and ß-Endorphin Blood Levels and T Helper/Suppressor Ratio

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Barni ◽  
P. Lissoni ◽  
S. Crispino ◽  
G. Cattaneo ◽  
F. Rovelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Neuroendocrine Control ◽  
Immune Dysfunctions

The pineal gland and opioid peptides play roles in the neuroendocrine control of immunity. Both neuroendocrine and immune dysfunctions have been observed in cancer but the importance of the altered secretion of neurohormones in the immunoincompetence of cancer patients has never been investigated. This study concomitantly evaluated neuroendocrine and immune functions in 40 patients with early or advanced neoplastic disease. In each patient, melatonin and β-endorphin blood levels and lymphocyte subtypes were determined on venous blood samples collected during the morning. Metastatic patients had lower melatonin levels and a lower T4/T8 ratio than patients without metastases but no significant correlation was found between melatonin and the T4/T8 ratio. β-endorphin levels appeared to be normal in all patients. These results suggest that melatonin and β-endorphin secretion have no role in determining immune dysfunctions in cancer.

Lower Cord Blood IL-17 and IL-25, but Not Other Epithelial Cell-Derived Cytokines Are Associated with Atopic Dermatitis in Infancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Cristina Gamez ◽  
Jessica Metcalfe ◽  
Susan L. Prescott ◽  
Debra J. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Maternal Influences ◽  
Potential Biomarker

<b><i>Background:</i></b> There is a growing need for early biomarkers that may predict the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). As alterations in skin barrier may be a primary event in disease pathogenesis, epithelial cell (EC) cytokines expression patterns may be a potential biomarker in early life to target allergy preventive strategies towards “at-risk” infants. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this longitudinal investigation was to examine from birth over the course of infancy levels of the EC cytokines: thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-33, IL-25, and IL-17 in infants at high-risk of AD due to maternal atopy. <b><i>Method:</i></b> We collected (<i>n</i> = 31) cord blood samples from atopic mothers and followed up their infants at 4–6 and 12 months of age for collection of peripheral venous blood samples and diagnosis of AD. TSLP concentration was measured by ELISA after acetone precipitation of the samples. IL-33, IL-25, and IL-17 levels were measured by Luminex. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Seven infants who developed AD had lower levels of IL-25 and IL-17 at birth compared to the 24 infants who did not develop AD by 12 months of age. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Lower cord blood levels of IL-17 and IL-25, but not other EC cytokines, were associated with the onset of AD during infancy. Our results highlight that the in-utero period appears critical, and potential maternal influences on cord blood EC-derived cytokine concentrations requires further exploration.

scholarly journals Can Succinylcholine be Used Safely in Severely Burn Patients?

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
H Begum ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
UHS Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Peripheral Venous Blood ◽  
Haemodynamic Parameters ◽  
High Level ◽  
Flame Burn

The use of succinylcholine(SC) in burn patients arerelatively contraindicated for certain period after lesion aged4 days – 10 weeks due to chance of hyperkalemia althoughthere are no systemic data to define what period and whatlevel of K+ is safe. This prospective study was carried out in60 acute burn patients who were admitted in DMCH BurnUnit and undergone surgery within 3 months of lesion. Mostcommon type of burn was flame burn (33%).Mean age ofthe patient was 22.60 ± 9.61, TBSA (Total burn surface area)was 22.17 ± 9.57 and duration of burn was 23.36 ± 19.61.Every patient received standard dose of SC (1.5mg/kg) forintubation. The peripheral venous blood samples for serumK+, Na+, Cl - & HCO3- were drawn before induction and 3minutes after injection of SC. On analysis there were nosignificant change of serum K+ and HCO3- (p > .05), on theother hand serum Na+and Cl- levels were significantlychanged (p<0.05) due to correction of dehydration. In caseof electric burn serum K+ level was raised in every casesbut didn’t cross the normal high level of serum K+ (5.5mEq/l). Haemodynamic parameters like pulse, NIBP, SPO2 andECG were analyzed intra operatively and there were nosignificant change in NIBP and ECG, rather there weresignificant improvement in pulse and SPO2 (p< 0.05).Survival of anaesthetic was 100% and no dysrhythmias ormajor morbidity were found intra operatively. Therefore,these data taken in the context of a compelling case forrapid intubating condition suggest safety in succinylcholineuse in the patients with acute burn.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v30i1.11360   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2012; 30: 5-9

Prediction of carboxyhemoglobin formation due to transient exposure to carbon monoxide

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1739-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Benignus ◽  
M. J. Hazucha ◽  
M. V. Smith ◽  
P. A. Bromberg
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Dead Space ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Alveolar Ventilation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Antecubital Vein ◽  
High Level

Fifteen men were exposed to 6,683 ppm C18O for 3.09–6.65 min. Arterial and antecubital vein blood samples were drawn at 1-min intervals beginning at the start of C18O inhalation and ending 10 min later. Simultaneously, alveolar ventilation was calculated from the measured values of minute ventilation and dead space. All other parameters of the Coburn-Forster-Kane equation (CFKE), except the Haldane affinity ratio, were measured separately in each subject. Means of CFKE predictions of increases in venous HbCO (delta HbCO) in samples collected approximately 2 min after cessation of exposure were accurate, but the range in errors of prediction for individual subjects was +/- 3.8% HbCO, depending on the time after exposure cessation. Increases in venous and arterial HbCO were inaccurately predicted during and immediately after HbCO formation, however. Venous blood was overestimated during CO uptake because of a delayed appearance of HbCO. Individual subjects differed markedly in the degree of delay of HbCO appearance in venous blood. Arterial delta HbCO was consistently underestimated either by the CFKE or by predictions based on venous blood samples. Thus, exposure of such organs as brain or heart to HbCO may be substantially higher than expected during transient high-level CO exposure.

Markers of Hemostatic Activation in Affected Coronary Arteries during Angioplasty

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (05) ◽  
pp. 672-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas W Shammas ◽  
Michael J Cunningham ◽  
Richard M Pomearntz ◽  
Charles W Francis
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Balloon Inflation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hemostatic Markers ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
High Doses

SummaryTo characterize the extent of early activation of the hemostatic system following angioplasty, we obtained blood samples from the involved coronary artery of 11 stable angina patients during the procedure and measured sensitive markers of thrombin formation (fibrino-peptide A, prothrombin fragment 1.2, and soluble fibrin) and of platelet activation ((3-thromboglobulin). Levels of hemostatic markers in venous blood obtained from 14 young individuals with low pretest probability for coronary artery disease were not significantly different from levels in venous blood or intracoronary samples obtained prior to angioplasty. Also, there was no translesional (proximal and distal to the lesion) gradient in any of the hemostatic markers before or after angioplasty in samples obtained between 18 and 21 min from the onset of the first balloon inflation. Furthermore, no significant difference was noted between angioplasty and postangioplasty intracoronary concentrations. We conclude that intracoronary hemostatic activation does not occur in the majority of patients during and immediately following coronary angioplasty when high doses of heparin and aspirin are administered.

The Effect of Venous Occlusion on the Sequestration of Blood Platelets

1972 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hladovec ◽  
Z Koleilat ◽  
I Přerovský
Keyword(s):  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pronounced Decrease ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Opposite Change

SummaryThe venous occlusion of all four legs in rats caused a highly significant decrease of platelet counts in venous blood especially after the correction for an opposite change in haematocrit. A very pronounced decrease in platelets was observed in human volunteers after a venostasis in one arm in the blood drawn from the occluded limb just before the release of occlusion. Similar decreases were found after a venostasis of both legs in postocclusion blood samples. The decrease in blood platelets results from temporary sequestration in the occluded limbs. The decreases of platelets after a 10 min occlusion of both legs are more pronounced in patients with post thrombotic states.

ADRENAL 17-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROID SECRETION IN THE DOG IN RESPONSE TO ETHANOL

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Suzuki ◽  
R. Higashi ◽  
T. Hirose ◽  
H. Ikeda ◽  
K. Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT Conscious dogs were infused intravenously with ethanol in doses of 0.7 and 1.0 g/kg. The adrenal venous blood samples were collected before and after the infusion of ethanol and analysed for 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS). After the infusion of 0.7 g/kg (subanaesthetic dose) of ethanol the adrenal 17-OHCS secretion rate showed either a slight increase or no change. After the infusion of 1.0 g/kg (anaesthetic dose) of ethanol the adrenal 17-OHCS secretion rate increased markedly and reached 1.21±0.15 (mean±sem) μg/kg/min, while it was 0.09±0.023 μg/kg/min before the infusion.

scholarly journals Comparison of capillary, venous and buffy coat blood samples in detecting Plasmodium species among malaria suspected patients attending at Hamusite health center. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Abeje ◽  
Woyneshet Gelaye ◽  
Getaneh Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background Both capillary and venous blood samples have been interchangeably used for the diagnosis of malaria in Ethiopia. However, Plasmodium parasites are thought to be more concentrated in capillary than in venous blood. Hence, selecting a sample source where parasites are more concentrated is indispensable approach in order to maximize the accuracy of blood film microscopy. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the detection rate and the parasitemia level of Plasmodium species from conventional capillary and venous blood films, and buffy coat preparations. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from Feburary to March 2020 among 210 febrile patients attending Hamusite health center, northwest Ethiopia. Capillary and venous blood samples were collected and buffy coat was prepared from each sample. Thin and thick blood films were prepared, stained, and examined microscopically following standard protocol. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software version 20 and Med-Calc software version 19.3. Results Capillary blood buffy coat (61/210, 29.0%) had significantly higher detection rate as compared to capillary (48/210, 22.9%) and venous (42/210, 20.0%) blood films (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between capillary and venous blood films (p = 0.070) in detecting Plasmodium species. The highest and the lowest mean asexual stage parasite counts were found in capillary blood buffy coat (4692.88) and venous blood (631.43) films, respectively showing significant variations (p < 0.001). Mean gametocyte count was also highest in capillary blood buffy coat (3958.44). As compared to capillary blood buffy coat, the sensitivity of venous blood buffy coat, capillary blood film and venous blood film were 73.8, 78.7, 68.9%, respectively. Conclusion Capillary blood buffy coat samples showed the highest sensitivity in detecting and quantitating malaria parasites that its use should be promoted in clinical settings. However, conventional capillary and venous blood films could be used interchangeably.

scholarly journals POS1398 RHEUMATOLOGICAL PATIENTS PERFORMING BLOOD SELF-SAMPLING FOR DMARD THERAPY SAFETY: A PROOF OF CONCEPT STUDY COMPARING WITH VENOUS BLOOD SAMPLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 982.1-982
Author(s):  
S. A. Just ◽  
P. Toftegaard ◽  
U. Jakobsen ◽  
T. R. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Differential Count ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Dmard Treatment ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Venous Sample ◽  
Treatment Safety

Background:Regular blood sampling is a requirement for rheumatological patients receiving csDMARD, bDMARD or tsDMARD therapies (1). The frequent blood sampling affects the patient’s life as they use a substantial amount of time at hospitals or by the general practitioner. Often visits are time-consuming with transport, waiting time, and for some patient’s costly long travels. Giving patients the option of taking the blood samples themself in their own home, as part of a patient-centred monitoring approach, could provide the patient much higher degree of independence. Further, it may increase the quality of life, cause higher compliance with taking the control samples and possibly reduce health care costs.Objectives:1. To investigate if rheumatological patients can take capillary blood samples and describe patient-reported outcomes (PRO) about the procedure. 2. Compare the venous and capillary samples’ results. 3. Test if the laboratory automated analysis equipment can handle the small capillary samples.Methods:21 rheumatological patients, underwent capillary and venous blood sampling at up to 4 occasions (1-2 months between). Instructions were available on a pictogram. PRO data were assessed by questionnaires. The patient performed blood extraction to the capillary samples from a finger after using a device making a small incision (2 mm depth and 3 mm width). Two capillary tubes (one Microtainer K2-EDTA and one Microtainer lithium heparin with gel) were filled with a total volume of approximately 1.0 mL blood. A phlebotomist took the venous sample. Blood samples were analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, potassium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urate, hemolysis index, erythrocyte corpuscular volume (MCV), haemoglobin, leukocytes, differential count and platelets.Results:A total of 53 paired capillary (C) and venous (V) samples were taken. The average perceived pain of the procedure of C sampling was VAS: 10.3 (SD:14.4) (0-100) versus V sampling VAS: 8.5 (SD:11.7). 90% of patients would accept it as a future form of blood sampling.Differences in blood samples (C versus V) were: CRP (-3.4%); Hemoglobin (-1.4%); Creatinine (-4.4%), ALAT (-2.9%), neutrophils (1.43%), platelets (-16.9%).The index of hemolysis was on average 128.9 mg/dL (SD: 203) in C versus 6.7 mg/dL (SD: 4.6) in V. Results was evaluated by a rheumatologist, and 92.5% of capillary samples could be used to evaluate the safety of DMARD treatment based on the most critical samples for this: ALAT, creatinine, neutrophils and platelets (1). The 7.5 % not accepted were all due to aggregated platelets leading to low platelet count. There was hemolysis in 18% of the samples, but the analysis results could be used despite this.Conclusion:In the majority of rheumatological patients, capillary self-sampling is well tolerated.We show that it is possible to extract the needed results from the capillary samples to evaluate DMARD treatment safety, despite higher hemolysis index. Using capillary samples taken at home could be a central instrument in future rheumatological patient-centred monitoring.References:[1]Rigby WFC et al. Review of Routine Laboratory Monitoring for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Biologic or Nonbiologic DMARDs. Int J Rheumatol. 2017Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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