scholarly journals Prevalence of Hypertension and Prehypertension in Iranian Children

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Kompani ◽  
Azar Nickavar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Iranian Children

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a significant public health problem worldwide. Early diagnosis of HTN and its related risk factors has been considered as one of the main requirements of general healthcare in children. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the nomograms of normal systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and the prevalence of asymptomatic HTN and pre-HTN in a population of school-aged children. Methods: Systolic and diastolic BP, height, and weight were measured in 5811 healthy school-aged children (2904 males and 2907 females) during healthcare visits. HTN was defined as systolic or diastolic BP ≥ 95th percentile for age, gender, and height of the screened population on ≥ 3 occasions. Pre-HTN was considered as systolic or diastolic BP between 90 - 95 percentile. Results: HTN and pre-HTN were detected in 8.4% and 7.8% of the children, respectively. The prevalence of HTN was 8.6% among the males and 8.2% among the females. Systolic HTN and pre-HTN were detected in 5.8 and 6.4% of the cases compared to diastolic HTN and pre-HTN observed in 5.9 and 6.1% of the participants, respectively. In addition, HTN was detected in 27.9% of children with obesity. Conclusions: According to the high incidence of asymptomatic HTN and pre-HTN in asymptomatic children, it is recommended to perform routine BP measurement during medical care visits of all healthy school children and to prevent and treat obesity in childhood.

Female sexual dysfunction: a problem hidden in the shadows

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos P. Imprialos ◽  
Konstantinos Koutsampasopoulos ◽  
Aleksandra Katsimardou ◽  
Sofia Bouloukou ◽  
Iakovos Theodoulidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Female Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Cv Disease

Background: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) has mainly been underdiagnosed and undertreated due to the lack of concrete definitions, validated assessment methods, and efficient treatments. However, during the last few decades, there has been significant progress in the clinical management and research of FSD. Objective: The purpose of this review is to describe the pathophysiology of FSD, report the prevalence of the disease in the setting of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and disease, and review current and under investigation treatment options. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify studies examining the association of FSD with CV risk factors and/or disease and studies reporting appropriate management options. Results: The prevalence of FSD is increased in the general population (approximately 40%) and is significantly higher in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. In patients with overt CV disease, FSD is even more prevalent (up to 90%). The cause of FSD is multifactorial and includes various vascular, hormonal, interpersonal, and psychological factors, which are all intertwined. Several treatment options exist that are efficient in improving female sexual function, while a cluster of other alternatives has been shown to offer benefits. Conclusion: FSD is a significant public health problem with a great impact on the patients’ quality of life. In the setting of increased CV burden, FSD is even more prevalent. Increased awareness is needed for the physician to establish a trustful environment with the patient, discuss such issues, and offer suitable management options.

Green tea polyphenols prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory liver injury in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 3898-3908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Wang ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Taotao Wang ◽  
Min Cai ◽  
Frank Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Green Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

Inflammatory liver diseases present a significant public health problem.

scholarly journals Sero-evaluation of Immune Responses to Vibrio cholerae in a Postelimination Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai The Diep ◽  
Owen Jensen ◽  
Nguyen Van Thuong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Nhi ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Anh Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Clinical Surveillance ◽  
Blood Spot

Abstract Cholera remains a significant public health problem worldwide. In settings of declining incidence, serosurveillance may be used to augment clinical surveillance. We utilized dried blood spot sampling and cholera-specific antibody testing to examine the serologic profiles of vaccinated and unvaccinated children in southern Vietnam, where cholera was recently eliminated.

Contrasting Crash- and Non-Crash-Involved Riders: Analysis of Data from the Motorcycle Crash Causation Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (7) ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh Chawla ◽  
Ilker Karaca ◽  
Peter T. Savolainen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Paired Control ◽  
Motorcycle Crashes

Motorcycle crashes and fatalities remain a significant public health problem as fatality rates have increased substantially as compared to other vehicle types in the United States. Analysis of causal factors for motorcycle crashes is often challenging given a lack of reliable traffic volume data and the fact that such crashes comprise a relatively small portion of all traffic crashes. Given these limitations, on-scene crash investigations represent an ideal setting through which to investigate the precipitating factors for motorcycle-involved crashes. This study examines motorcycle crash risk factors by employing data recently made available from the Federal Highway Administration Motorcycle Crash Causation Study (MCCS). The MCCS represents a comprehensive investigative effort to determine the causes of motorcycle crashes and involved the collection of in-depth data from 351 crashes, as well as the collection of comparison data from 702 paired control observations in Orange County, California. This dataset provides a unique opportunity to understand how the risk of crash involvement varies across different segments of the riding population. Logistic regression models are estimated to identify the rider and vehicle attributes associated with motorcycle crashes. The results of the study suggest that motorcycle crash risks are related to rider age, physical status, and educational attainment. In addition to such factors outside of the rider’s control, several modifiable risk factors, which arguably affect the riders’ proclivity to take risks, were also found to be significantly associated with motorcycle crash risk, including motorcycle type, helmet coverage, motorcycle ownership, speed, trip destination, and traffic violation history.

scholarly journals Patient Perception of Ideal Body Weight and the Effect of Body Mass Index

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozhin Naghshizadian ◽  
Amir A. Rahnemai-Azar ◽  
Kruthi Kella ◽  
Michael M. Weber ◽  
Marius L. Calin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Obesity Prevention Programs

Objective. Despite much effort, obesity remains a significant public health problem. One of the main contributing factors is patients’ perception of their target ideal body weight. This study aimed to assess this perception.Methods. The study took place in an urban area, with the majority of participants in the study being Hispanic (65.7%) or African-American (28.0%). Patients presented to an outpatient clinic were surveyed regarding their ideal body weight and their ideal BMI calculated. Subsequently they were classified into different categories based on their actual measured BMI. Their responses for ideal BMI were compared.Results. In 254 surveys, mean measured BMI was 31.71 ± 8.01. Responses to ideal BMI had a range of 18.89–38.15 with a mean of 25.96 ± 3.25. Mean (±SD) ideal BMI for patients with a measured BMI of <18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25–29.9, and ≥30 was 20.14 ± 1.46, 23.11 ± 1.68, 25.69 ± 2.19, and 27.22 ± 3.31, respectively. These differences were highly significant (P<0.001, ANOVA).Conclusions. Most patients had an inflated sense of their target ideal body weight. Patients with higher measured BMI had higher target numbers for their ideal BMI. Better education of patients is critical for obesity prevention programs.

scholarly journals Arthritis and Benznidazole: More Closely Related than We Thought

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 727-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aldasoro ◽  
M. J. Pinazo ◽  
I. Oliveira ◽  
J. Munoz ◽  
E. Posada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Rare Side Effect ◽  
Significant Public Health

ABSTRACTChagas disease is a parasitic infection that leads to a significant public health problem in countries where the disease is endemic and where it is nonendemic. Benznidazole is the most commonly used drug for the etiological treatment of Chagas disease. Patients treated with benznidazole suffer frequent adverse drug reactions. Although arthralgia is common, arthritis has been reported as a very rare side effect. The objective of this study was to describe arthritis in a cohort ofTrypanosoma cruzi-infected patients treated with benznidazole.

Superwarfarin poisoning: A significant public health problem

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan E. Rauch ◽  
Richard Weininger ◽  
Donald Pasquale ◽  
Peter T. Burkart ◽  
Harry G. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

scholarly journals What about the other 50 percent of the Canadian population? Food allergies ignored in national policy plan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
Susan Elliott ◽  
Francesca Cardwell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

Food allergy is a growing public health epidemic in Canada, affecting 50 percent of Canadian households either directly or indirectly. Despite the physical, psychosocial and quality of life impacts to those affected, food allergy has recently been ignored in the Canadian policy context. While the complete etiology of food allergy remains unknown, we have enough information to make strong policy choices that can maximize choice and minimize risk for affected Canadians, and place Canada at the forefront of food allergy management and research. Policy recognizing food allergy as a chronic health issue that represents a significant public health problem in Canada is critical.

scholarly journals Editorial: A Review of Micronutrients and the Immune System—Working in Harmony to Reduce the Risk of Infection

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4180
Author(s):  
Ascensión Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Recent Memory ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

The emergence of the SARS-CoV virus in December 2019 saw the beginning of an unprecedented pandemic that represents the most significant public health problem in recent memory [...]

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