scholarly journals Microdilution in vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species, From Mild Cutaneous to Bloodstream Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Rezazadeh ◽  
Azar Sabokbar ◽  
Maryam Moazeni ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Rezai ◽  
Hamid Badali
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

scholarly journals 146. antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of candida Parapsilosis Bloodstream Isolates in the US, 2008–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S203-S203
Author(s):  
Brenda L Tesini ◽  
Meghan Lyman ◽  
Brendan R Jackson ◽  
Anita Gellert ◽  
William Schaffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Fluconazole Resistance ◽  
The Us ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Multidrug resistant Candida is an increasing concern. C. parapsilosis in particular has decreased in vitro susceptibility to echinocandins. As a result, fluconazole had been favored for C. parapsilosis treatment. However, there is growing concern about increasing azole resistance among Candida species. We report on antifungal susceptibility patterns of C. parapsilosis in the US from 2008 through 2018. Methods Active, population-based surveillance for candidemia through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Emerging Infections Program was conducted between 2008–2018, eventually encompassing 9 states (GA, MD,OR, TN, NY, CA, CO, MN, NM). Each incident isolate was sent to the CDC for species confirmation and antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST). Frequency of resistance was calculated and stratified by year and state using SAS 9.4 Results Of the 8,704 incident candidemia isolates identified, 1,471 (15%) were C. parapsilosis; the third most common species after C. albicans and C. glabrata. AFST results were available for 1,340 C. parapsilosis isolates. No resistance was detected to caspofungin (MIC50 0.25) or micafungin (MIC50 1.00) with only one (< 1%) isolate resistant to anidulafungin (MIC50 1.00). In contrast, 84 (6.3%) isolates were resistant to fluconazole and another 44 (3.3%) isolates had dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole (MIC50 1.00). Fluconazole resistance increased sharply from an average of 4% during 2008–2014 to a peak of 14% in 2016 with a subsequent decline to 6% in 2018 (see figure). Regional variation is also observed with fluconazole resistance ranging from 0% (CO, MN, NM) to 42% (NY) of isolates by site. Conclusion The recent marked increase in fluconazole resistance among C. parapsilosis highlights this pathogen as an emerging drug resistant pathogen of concern and the need for ongoing antifungal resistance surveillance among Candida species. Our data support the empiric use of echinocandins for C. parapsilosis bloodstream infections and underscore the need to obtain AFST prior to fluconazole treatment. Furthermore, regional variation in fluconazole resistance emphasizes the importance of understanding local Candida susceptibility patterns. Disclosures Lee Harrison, MD, GSK (Consultant)Merck (Consultant)Pfizer (Consultant)Sanofi Pasteur (Consultant)

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species Isolated from Candidemia Patients in Yasuj, Southwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaghayegh Rostami Yasuj ◽  
Maral Gharaghani ◽  
Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz ◽  
Marjan Salahi ◽  
Ali Keshtkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Candidemia is the most common systemic infection in hospitalized patients causing high mortality. Hence, the diagnosis of this infection in the early stage with appropriate antifungal therapy is paramount. Objectives: The study aimed at molecular identification of Candida species isolated from candidemia patients and evaluation of the in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns of these strains to fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin. Methods: In the present study, 800 hospitalized patients who were suspected to have candidemia were sampled. Candida species were isolated and identified based on morphological characteristics and PCR-sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Antifungal susceptibility tests for fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol M27-A3. Also, clinical data were recorded from the patients' records. Results: Twenty-seven patients among the sample of hospitalized patients were found to have candidemia. A total of 33.3% of candidemia patients were treated with amphotericin B, in which case the mortality rate was 14.8%. The majority of patients (59%) were from the neonatal intensive care unit, and premature birth was the most common underlying condition. Candida albicans (n = 18; 66.6%) was the most common species isolated from blood cultures, followed by C. parapsilosis (n = 7; 25.9%), C. pelliculosa (n = 1; 3.7%), and C. tropicalis (n = 1; 3.7%). Only one C. albicans isolate resistant to fluconazole (minimum inhibitory concentration = 32 µg/mL). Conclusions: Generally, C. albicans has been the most frequent causative agent of candidemia. Resistance to antifungal drugs among candidemia agents was rare. Also, the identification of Candida isolates at the species level with in vitro antifungal susceptibility tests helps manage candidemia patients better and decrease the mortality rate among them.

scholarly journals Antifungal Susceptibility In Vitro Determined by the Etest(r) for Candida Obtained from the Oral Cavity of Irradiated and Elderly Individuals

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edimilson Martins de Freitas ◽  
Larissa Cavalcanti Monteiro ◽  
Michelle Bonfim da Silva Fernandes ◽  
Hercílio Martelli Junior ◽  
Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Mic Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dose Dependent

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Candida species of head-and-neck-irradiated patients (Group 1), non-institutionalized (Group 2) and institutionalized elders (Group 3) using Etest(r) methodology. Candida was isolated from saliva and presumptively identified by CHROMagar Candida(r), confirmed by morphological criteria, carbohydrate assimilation (API 20C AUX(r)) and genetic typing (OPE 18). The collection was made from 29, 34 and 29 individuals (Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) with 67 isolates. Etest(r) strips (ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B and flucytosine) on RPMI (Roswell Park Memorial Institute) agar, on duplicate, were used to evaluate susceptibility. ATTC (American Type Culture Collection) 10231 (Candida albicans) was used as quality control. Among the 67 isolates of Candida species, most were susceptible to azoles, flucytosine and amphotericin B. None of the isolates showed resistance and dose-dependent susceptibility to amphotericin B. There were nine strains resistant to itraconazole, six to fluconazole and two to ketoconazole and ten dose-dependent, mainly to flucytocine. The highest MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) to C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis was 2.671 μg.mL-1, 8.104 μg.mL-1, 4.429 μg.mL-1, all for flucytosine. C. krusei and C. glabrata were associated with higher MIC for azoles and C. glabrata with higher MIC to flucytosine. In summary, susceptibility to all tested antifungal agents was evident. The isolates were more resistant to itraconazole and dose-dependent to flucytosine. A comparison of C. albicans in the three groups showed no outliers. Higher MIC was associated with C. krusei and C. glabrata.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns of planktonic and sessile Candida kefyr clinical isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fruzsina Nagy ◽  
Aliz Bozó ◽  
Zoltán Tóth ◽  
Lajos Daróczi ◽  
László Majoros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Candida Kefyr ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

scholarly journals Species Distribution and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of 75 Clinical Isolates of Fusarium spp. from Northern Italy

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 2683-2685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Tortorano ◽  
Anna Prigitano ◽  
Giovanna Dho ◽  
Maria Carmela Esposto ◽  
Claudia Gianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

ABSTRACT Fusarium isolates from 75 Italian patients were identified by molecular methods, and their susceptibilities to antifungals were tested in vitro. Fusarium verticillioides was the species most frequently isolated from deep-seated infections, and F. solani was the species most frequently isolated from superficial infections. F. solani isolates showed high azole MICs, while F. verticillioides isolates showed low posaconazole MICs.

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