scholarly journals fFrequency of Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus Among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) and Patients in Bandar Abbas, Southern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Motahare Amirizadeh ◽  
Ali Rahimi ◽  
Maryam Ansari ◽  
Ali AtashAbParvar ◽  
Hosein Hamadiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Bandar Abbas

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a problematic infectious agent in hospitals as well as in the community. Nasal carriage of healthcare workers (HCWs) and sometimes patients are an important source for transmitting this bacterium to vulnerable individuals. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the frequency of nasal carriage of S. aureus and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of this organism isolated from HCWs and patients at Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas, South of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to December 2018. A total of 400 nasal swabs were taken from HCWs and patients to investigate the presence of S. aureus. An antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was carried out using the disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Methicillin resistance was determined using cefoxitin disc diffusion and PCR for mecA gene. Agar dilution was performed to determine MIC of vancomycin and mupirocin. Results: Of 130 HCWs, 11 (8.5%) subjects were nasal carriers, of which 5 (45.5%) harbored methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Of 270 patients, 21 (7.8%) patients were nasal carriers, of whom 9 (42.9%) patients were MRSA carriers. Linezolid and vancomycin were the most effective agents, and 100% of isolates were susceptible to these agents. Furthermore, high-level mupirocin-resistant S. aureus (HLMuRSA) was observed in 6.3% of the isolates. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that the rate of nasal carriage among HCWs and patients was lower than global reports. However, the frequency of MRSA was comparable with previously reported ranges and was approximately high. Vancomycin and linezolid are the most effective antimicrobial agents. Appropriate decolonization is recommended for the control of transmission of MRSA to vulnerable individuals.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus [MRSA] Isolates at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mangalore, South India

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 082-084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Pai ◽  
Venkatakrishna I Rao ◽  
Sunil P Rao
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

ABSTRACT Background/Aim: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MRSA and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in our hospital located in Mangalore, India. Materials and Methods: The bacterial isolates from various clinical specimens of patients admitted in our hospital were cultured as per standard protocol and all isolates of Staphylococcus aureus obtained were included in the study. The isolates were identified by standard methods like catalase test, slide and tube coagulase tests, and growth on Mannitol salt agar (HiMedia Lab, Mumbai). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The D-test for inducible clindamycin resistance was performed. The isolates were tested for methicillin resistance by using oxacillin disc by disc diffusion method and confirmed by agar screen test (oxacillin 6 μgm/ml). The results were interpreted according to CLSI criteria. Results: During a period of one year, a total of 237 isolates of S. aureus were studied and 69 (29.1%) were found to be methicillin-resistant. MRSA isolates showed greater resistance to multiple drugs than methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MSSA isolates. Inducible clindamycin resistance was 18.8% in MRSA as against 3.5% in MSSA. About 40–50% of MRSA were resistant to erythromycin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol, while less than 30% were resistant to ciprofloxacin and amikacin. However, all strains were sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusion: The regular surveillance of hospital-acquired infections of MRSA may be helpful in formulating and monitoring the antibiotic policy. This may also help in preserving antibiotics like vancomycin, only for life-threatening staphylococcal diseases.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Klebsiella Species from Various Clinical Samples at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
K. Sathyavathy ◽  
B. Kiran Madhusudhan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern

The aim of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella species from different clinical samples at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, India. Overall 189 samples out of 980 non repetitive clinical samples obtained from wound/pus, urine, sputum swab and blood by disc diffusion method and identified as Klebsiella and analysed. Out of total 189 Klebsiella isolates, 76 out of 155 K. pneumoniae (49%) were resistant and none out of 34 Klebsiella oxytoca (0%) showed resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime by disc diffusion method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Klebsiella exhibited 100% resistance to Ampicillin. The present study highlights the need for the continued monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of important bacterial pathogens, so that rational antibiotic policies can be formulated.

Bacteriological Profile of Wound Swab and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Mst Naznin Tarana ◽  
Jannatul Fardows ◽  
Nasreen Farhana ◽  
Rehana Khatun ◽  
Shahida Akter
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Wound Swab

Background: Wound infections are global problem in the field of surgery associated with long hospital stay, higher treatment expenditure, morbidity and mortality. Objective: To isolate and identify the bacteria causing wound infection and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawady Medical College, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2017 for a period of one (01) year. A total of 190 wound swabs were collected from the patients who were visited in outpatient department and were admitted at inpatient department with skin and soft tissue infection. Swabs from the wound were inoculated on appropriate media and cultured and the isolates were identified by standard procedures as needed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method according to ‘The Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute’ guidelines. Results: In this study, out of 190 cases 115 (60.52%) were male and 75 (39.47%) were female and majority 85(44.73%) were in the age group of 16 to 30 years. A total number of 190 isolates were obtained, among which 124 (65.25%) were culture positive cases. Among the isolated organisms predominant bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus 68 (35.79%) followed by Escherichia coli 30 (15.79%), Pseudomonas 14 (7.37%), Klebsiella 6 (3.16%), Proteus 4 (2.10%) and Acinetobacter 2 (1.05%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to linezolid (94.11%), vancomycin (88.23%) and amikacin (70.58%). Among the Gram negative isolates Escherichia coli was predominant and showed sensitivity to imipenem (80%), amikacin (70%), ceftazidime (60%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (56.66%), colistin (53.33%). Pseudomonas showed sensitivity to colistin (78.57%), imipenem (71.42%). Klebsiella showed sensitivity to imipenem (83.33%), amikacin (66.66%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (66.66%), and colistin(66.66%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen from wound swab and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of various isolates will guide for appropriate selection of antibiotics against wound infection, so as to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 65-68

scholarly journals Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization among Healthcare Workers at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Southwestern Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justus B. Abimana ◽  
Charles D. Kato ◽  
Joel Bazira
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
International University

Whereas Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen, it colonizes healthy people as normal flora without causing any symptoms or illness. Probably because of greater exposure, healthcare workers (HCWs) are more colonized, serving as reservoir for endogenous infections as well as dissemination. In developing countries including Uganda, there is scarcity of the literature on S. aureus carriage among HCWs, making infection control difficult. This study aimed at determining the nasal carriage rate and comparing the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates from HCWs of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital. Nasal swab specimens from HCWs were screened for MRSA using both phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the MRSA and MSSA isolates was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of the 97 participants, 28 (28.8%) participants were nasal carriers of S. aureus of which 13 (46.4%) were phenotypically MRSA (resistant to cefoxitin) and 8 (28.6%) were genotypically MRSA (had mecA gene). Only 6 isolates of the 13 isolates (46%) which showed resistance to cefoxitin had mecA gene detectable while 2 (13.3%) of the 15 cefoxitin susceptible isolates were found to carry mecA gene. The study thus shows that methicillin resistance in S. aureus may not only be determined by mecA gene.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Neha Jha ◽  
R. S. Prasad ◽  
P. N. Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Background: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence is increasing worldwide and it remains as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalised patients due to its versatile behaviour towards antibiotics. Aims: This study was done to find out the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of MRSA isolates at our hospital setup, in order to guide policy on the appropriate use of antibiotics. Settings and Design: The study was a prospective observational study, carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Darbhanga Medical College, Laheriasarai, Bihar. Methods and Material: A total number of 288 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from various clinical samples received in the laboratory. Staphylococcus aureus was identified by routine standard operative procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and the results were interpreted following Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Methicillin resistance was screened by using oxacillin disks [1 mcg]. Statistical analysis used: Data obtained was analysed and presented in counts and percentages. 95 % confidence interval values were also calculated. Results: Methicillin resistance was documented in 120 [41.6%] Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Most of them were isolated from pus, wound swabs, urine and respiratory samples. All MRSA isolates were resistant to penicillin and cefepime. The resist-ance was high to tetracycline, erythromycin, co-trimoxazolepiperacillin / tazobactam, and ciprofloxacin; moderate to amino-glycosides, clindamycin, chloramphenicol and levofloxacin. All MRSA strains were susceptible to vancomycin. Overall, 63.3% [76/120] of MRSA strains were found to be resistant to more than 6 antimicrobials tested. Conclusions: Our study emphasizes the need for regular surveillance and formulation of a strict drug policy on the appropriate use of antibiotics to control MRSA infections. This would also minimise the irrational use of vancomycin and the emergence of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus [VRSA].

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