scholarly journals Exclusive Breast Feeding and Its Determinants in Infants Born in Zanjan Hospitals: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Hadi ◽  
Hasan Eftkhar ◽  
Abolghassem Djazayery ◽  
Saeideh Mazloomzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Breastfeeding Cessation ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Prior Decision

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), especially during the first six months of life, is one of the primary health indicators in infants. Objectives: The present study intended to describe the frequency of EBF in infants and its determinants until six months after birth. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted on 673 mother-newborn pairs visiting obstetrics and gynecology departments of two main hospitals in Zanjan. Information on the frequency of EBF up to six months, socio-demographic and reproductive information, and attitudes of mothers towards breastfeeding was gathered using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression in SPSS. Results: The proportion of neonates who were receiving EBF at discharge was 95.7%. The EBF proportions in the second week, the first, fourth, and sixth months were 95%, 88.1%, 80.7%, and 77.3%, respectively. The multivariate analysis of data indicated that living in urban areas (P = 0.02), lower education of mothers (P = 0.008), having more than three years of birth interval (P = 0.006), no experience of breastfeeding in mothers (P = 0.01), no prior decision for breastfeeding in mothers (P < 0.0001), and use of artificial nipples (P = < 0.0001) were independently associated with non-EBF. Conclusions: In this study, despite a high proportion of EBF at discharge, we found that the proportion of EBF reduced during six months. The determinants of non-EBF at six months, including urban and less educated mothers, highlight a need to promote awareness regarding EBF and perform interventions for women at a greater risk for early breastfeeding cessation.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan, Pekerjaan Dan Pendapatan Keluarga Yang Mendapat Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Penatalaksanaan Diet Diabetes Melitus Dalam Keluarga Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Gambiran Kediri

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucipto Sucipto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Family ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Lower Education

The effect of the level of education, job, and income that gets the health education on the management of the diet for the diabetes mellitus in a family. Unless Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is well-handled, it will affect the complication on the various vital organs of the human body. By well experiences such as the cooperation among patient, family and medical staff, the complication of DM can be prevented, or at least, can be slowly halted its development. To target the point, the participation of the patient, the family of the sufferer to care for is badly needed. The aim of the research is to know the effect of the level of education, job and income that gets the health education on the management of the diet for the diabetes mellitus in a family. The method of the research is the analytical descriptive method by using cross sectional approach. The research was applied in November 2008. The population are the family and the sufferers of the DM who were treated in the Gambiran Public Hospital in Kediri. The sample uses the purposive sampling, and the total of respondents is 60. The data collecting is questioner. The data is represented in pictures, tables and narrative. The analytical data with statistical Chi-square test is supposed to know the relation of the variables. Whereas, to know the effect of all, the independent variable and dependent variable use the logistic binary regressive analysis with SPSS Program version 12. The result of the research shows that the higher education probably reaches 3.4 times, the management of DM is much better than that of the lower education (OR = 3.369, CI = 0.728 – 15. 604), and the other factors that improve the management of the diet in family are jobs, incomes and ages. The research concludes that the level of education, job, income and age are the main factors to improve the management of the diet in family. The health guides (nutritionists) are advisably giving guidance in accordance with the backgrounds of education, job, income, and age of the target points.

Correlation Of Knowledge About Prevention Of Kusta Disease and Kusta Transmission Risk In Primary Health Care Losari , Kedaton And Babakan,Cirebon District

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Maryam Ulfah ◽  
Yani Kamasturyani ◽  
Putri Mutiara Ramandani
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Primary Health Center ◽  
District Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background:Knowledge of leprosy prevention is the knowledge of a person doing a first line prevention or pervention action before a disease occurs. Based on data from Cirebon district Health OfficeThe incident of leprosy are 232 patients.According to the data primary health center Losari, Kedaton and Babakan There are 37 leprosy patients. Purpose: This research aimed to know an overview of knowledge about the prevention of leprosy, know an overview risk of cutaneous transmission, and knowlegde connection of prevention with leprosy transmission of primary health center Lossari, Kedaton and Babakan Cirebon District. Method:This is quantitative with Cross Sectional Study design. The population in this research is family members of leprosy primary health center Losari, Kedaton dan Babakan Cirebon district. The samples were choosen by Propotional Random Sampling which amounted to 114 respondents. The data retrieval research was conducted on 15 July – 15 September 2018. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data analysis using Chi Square test. Result:The result of univariate analysis shows that connection of prevention leprosy was motsly good, that is mostly less 14 respondent (46,7%) and leprosy transmission mostly not risk 21 respondent (70,0%),. The result of chi square test was obtained p value = 0,011. Conclusion:Its indicatedthat there is a relationship betweenIndicating that H0 is rejected an Ha accepted means the a knowlegde connection of prevention with leprosy transmission of primary health center Lossari, Kedaton and Babakan Cirebon District

scholarly journals Exploring health literacy in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Mei ◽  
Qing Zhong ◽  
Gong Chen ◽  
Yuanxia Huang ◽  
Junlin Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background In recent years, research on health literacy has become increasingly focused on the health care system and public health. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate health literacy and analyse the risk factors that affect health literacy in Wuhan, China. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select 5304 urban and rural residents aged 15 to 69 years from 204 monitoring points in 15 districts of Wuhan. Using the Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) (2018 edition), a face-to-face survey was conducted from November to December 2018. Risk factors that may affect health literacy were assessed using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression models. Results The knowledge rate of health literacy was relatively low (19.3%). The knowledge rate of health-related behaviour and lifestyle (BAL, 17.3%) was the lowest of the three aspects of health literacy, and the knowledge rate of chronic diseases (CD, 19.0%) was the lowest of the six dimensions of health literacy. Respondents who lived in urban areas, had higher education levels, worked as medical staff, had a higher household income and did not suffer from chronic diseases were likely to have higher health literacy. Conclusions The health literacy levels of citizens in Wuhan are insufficient and need to improve.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cryptosporidium in Patients With Gastroenteritis by Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Staining Method in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran During 2018-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Alireza Javidmehr ◽  
Yagoob Garedaghi ◽  
Amir Babak Sioufi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
East Azerbaijan

Introduction: Cryptosporidiosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that is caused by Cryptosporidium species and leads to acute or chronic diarrhea and vomiting in patients. Due to the suitable conditions of East Azerbaijan province for parasite transmission, the present study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in patients with gastroenteritis referred to hospitals and reference laboratories of East Azerbaijan province during 2018-2019. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on patients with diarrhea who referred to hospitals and reference laboratories of East Azerbaijan province during 2018-2019. In this study, 180 fecal samples were collected from patients with gastroenteritis by cluster-random sampling. Stool samples were stored in 10% formalin and transferred to a parasitology laboratory and examined for parasite contamination by modified acid-fast staining (Modified Ziehl-Neelsen) method. Data were analyzed by chi-square test using SPSS. Results: Out of 180 samples, the highest number of diarrhea samples belonged to the age group over 40 years (35.5%) and the lowest belonged to the age group of 10-20 years (7.7%). Additionally, 56% of subjects were male and 44% were female. Of these patients, 57.7% lived in urban areas and 42.3% in rural areas. Cryptosporidium was observed in 1.6% (3 cases) of patients with gastroenteritis. There was a statistically significant relationship between Cryptosporidium infection and the age of patients with diarrhea (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the present study, a lower prevalence of cryptosporidiosis has been determined in comparison with previous studies in East Azerbaijan province. However, Cryptosporidium and other parasitic infections in the feces of patients with diarrhea referred to hospitals or reference laboratories need to be carefully diagnosed by appropriate parasitological methods.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic, Environmental and Life Style Factors on the Dengue Epidemic in Noakhali District, Bangladesh: Evidence from Recent Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Nahian Rahman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Dengue Epidemic ◽  
Safe Working

Background: Dengue, a mosquito-borne disease predominantly found in tropical and subtropical countries like Bangladesh. This study attempted to look at the influence of various socio-demographic, environmental, and lifestyle factors on the recent dengue outbreak in Noakhali district, Bangladesh. Methods: The study adopted a mixed-method analysis of information collected from hospital records of dengue patients, and a telephone survey of the same patients to collect background information, their length of stay in the hospital, types of symptoms they had & medicines they took, etc. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were used for analysis. Result: More than 80% of the patients were male, aged <30 years and resided in urban and semi-urban areas; >60% of the patients got bitten by dengue vector at working place or while traveling, >50% of the patients reported that they did not have proper sewage and garbage management at place. Patients living in urban areas were more likely to get infected with dengue than in other areas. Older patients (≥30 years) were more likely to stay longer duration in hospital than younger ones. Moreover, men had higher chances of getting bitten at working place than women and children who were mostly bitten at household and surrounding environment [OR = 14.7; P = 0.01]. Conclusion: Environmental, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors had effects on dengue patients and their sufferings at the hospital. A safe working environment, proper sewage, and garbage management system, and organized urban development plan can help to reduce larvae development sites to a great extent.

scholarly journals Prevailing Housing and Healthcare Management Practices in Urban and Peri-Urban Dairy Farms of Navsari District, Gujarat State

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
L. M. Rajpura ◽  
AL Rathva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Chi Square Test

Personal interviews collected the required information from a total of 40 dairy farms from urban and peri-urban areas in and around Navsari. Frequency distribution was made from collected data, and significance between two categories was tested by the Chi-square test. Data revealed that all farms provided housing round the year. The majority of the sheds had cement type of pillars and pucca floor. Gabled roof was more popular in peri-urban areas. The majority of the farms had animal shed away from human dwelling, east-west directional, a double row with head to head. The majority of the sheds had adequate light and good ventilation with drainage facility and manure pit located at an adjacent distance. The majority of farms (90%) practiced regular vaccination to their animals against foot and mouth disease and hemorrhagic Septicaemia disease. The majority (82.5%) of the respondents practiced deworming of their dairy animals regularly and also followed practices to control ectoparasites. However, only 37.5% of the farmers got their sick animals treated by veterinary officers, and 40% of farmers segregate disease affected animals. The study concluded that the majority of the farmers followed housing and health care management practices for improving the production potential and health of the dairy animals.

Prevalence of Deep Dental Caries and Its Association with Levels of Water Fluoridation, Age, Gender, and Oral Hygiene Status in the Semiurban Areas of Navi Mumbai

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Ashvini M Padhye ◽  
Karishma R Patil ◽  
Pooja R Parab ◽  
Nandana R Patil
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Water Testing ◽  
Testing Laboratories ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Aim This survey-based study intends to explore a potential association between the prevalence of deep dental caries and variables, such as age, gender, oral hygiene status, and levels of water fluoridation in the areas of residence of the subjects. Materials and Methods A systematic oral examination was carried out using a questionnaire and clinical examination for a sample of 487 subjects reporting to the outpatient department at MGM Dental College and Hospital. Data regarding deep dental caries, age, gender, oral hygiene status were collected in this manner. The levels of water fluoridation were determined by data collected from government water testing laboratories. Data collected were analyzed using central tendency of fluoride levels, Pearson's correlation, chi-square test, and the slice and dice technique for a confidence limit of 95%. Results A statistically significant association exists between fluoride levels in drinking water and deep dental caries. No significant association was found between age, gender, oral hygiene status, and deep dental caries. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that low water fluoridation levels affect the prevalence of deep dental caries. Clinical significance This study stresses on the importance of water fluoridation in semi-urban areas for the prevention of dental caries and aids in the outlook toward better awareness. How to cite this article Patil KR, Parab PR, Padhye AM, Ram SM, Patil NR. Prevalence of Deep Dental Caries and Its Association with Levels of Water Fluoridation, Age, Gender, and Oral Hygiene Status in the Semiurban Areas of Navi Mumbai. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(2):137-141.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Social Phobia among School Going Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harikrishnan U ◽  
Ali Arif ◽  
Sobhana H
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Phobias ◽  
North East ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test

Context: Little is known about the prevalence of social phobia among school going adolescents in North East states of India.  Despite the wide prevalence of social phobia, individuals with social phobia often do not seek treatment and this lead to impairment on daily activities. Aim: To assess prevalence of social phobia among school going adolescents. Methods and Material: The present study was a cross sectional descriptive study design. Schools were selected from urban areas of Sonitpur district, Assam. Socio demographic data sheet; The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) and The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) were administered to the participants. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS-16 statistical software using appropriate statistical test. Percentage, chi-square test and person correlation test was done. Results:  A total of 561 students participated in the study. In the study 14.6% of the participants had moderate level of social anxiety, 12.8% of the participants had marked social anxiety and 2.5% of the participants had severe social anxiety. Results from the present study showed that 38.3 % of the participants reported to have social phobia and 61.7 % of the participants were found to be below cut off score (normal).Further in the study no gender difference was found in social phobia. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a prevalence of social phobias among school adolescents in Tezpur, Assam. Therefore, early detection and adequate intervention is crucial to reduce overall burden and disability associated with psychiatric disorder in adolescent population.

scholarly journals Hubungan Cakupan Tablet Fe3 dengan BBLBR di Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Irohatul A'ila ◽  
Sri Sumarmi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the children's health indicators. Based on the health profile of East Java province in 2017, the prevalence of LBW increased from 3.6% in 2016 to 3.8%. Besides increasing the prevalence of LBW, there was a decrease in Fe3 tablet coverage. In 2016 Fe3 tablets decreased by 88.2% and decreased in 2017 to 87.4%. A decrease in Fe3 tablet coverage is likely to cause a high prevalence of LBW.Objective: This study aimed to know the relationship of Fe3 tablets with the prevalence of LBW in East Java province in 2017. Methods: The type of this research was quantitative research using secondary data on the health profile of East Java province in 2017. The observed variables was Fe3 tablet coverage and LBW prevalence. Data analysis using a Pearson correlation and Chi-square test.Result: The regency/city included in the category of low Fe3 tablet coverage was 55.3% and as many as 21.1% regency/city with LBW prevalence were included in the category of not public health problems. Pearson correlation test results (p-value=0.270) and Chi-square test (p-value=0.206) showed there was no relationship between the coverage of Fe3 tablets with prevalence of LBW in East Java Province in 2017.Conclusion: The regency/city that has low Fe3 tablet coverage doesn’t necessarily have a high LBW prevalence. Further research is needed to find out other factors related to the high prevalence of LBW in East Java Province in 2017.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan anak. Berdasar profil kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017, kejadian BBLR mengalami peningkatan dari 3,6% pada tahun 2016 menjadi 3,8%. Selain peningkatan prevalensi BBLR, terjadi penurunan cakupan tablet Fe3 (90 tablet Fe) yang diberikan kepada ibu hamil. Pada tahun 2016 cakupan tablet Fe3 sebesar 88,2% dan menurun pada tahun 2017 menjadi 87,4%. Cakupan pemberian tablet Fe kepada ibu hamil merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan cakupan tablet Fe3 untuk ibu hamil dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2017.Metode: Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data sekunder profil kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017. Data sekunder yang digunakan berupa data cakupan tablet Fe3 dan kejadian BBLR. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi perason.Hasil: Hasil uji korelasi pearson antara cakupan tablet Fe3 dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan nilai p-value <0,05 (p=0,000). Hal ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara cakupan tablet Fe3 dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2017 dengan koefisiensi korelasi r=0,706.Kesimpulan: erdapat hubungan antara cakupan tablet Fe3 dengan kejadian BBLR di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2017.

scholarly journals Impact of Covid-19 on the Outcomes of Basic Immunization in Health Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Setyo Iswati ◽  
Indria Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Primary Health Facilities ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of Covid 19 on basic immunization coverage, oriented to the number of Covid 19 cases mapped in the red, yellow, and green. This research provides the advantage of making a policy to improve children's health during a pandemic, particularly in preventing diseases that can be anticipated by immunization, such as tuberculosis, diphtheria, hepatitis, tetanus, meningitis, polio, and measles. This research can also be used as a basic for immunization in health facilities while still implementing health protocols. This study's results can be implemented in primary health facilities such as the Puskesmas, Posyandu, Poskesdes, or Midwife Independent Practice. This study's results indicate that immunization coverage <95% is mostly found in the red zone area of Pentabio 1 and 2 immunization, as well as measles. Chi-square test found that there was no significant relationship with basic immunization coverage.

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