scholarly journals Socio-demographic, Environmental and Life Style Factors on the Dengue Epidemic in Noakhali District, Bangladesh: Evidence from Recent Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Nahian Rahman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Dengue Epidemic ◽  
Safe Working

Background: Dengue, a mosquito-borne disease predominantly found in tropical and subtropical countries like Bangladesh. This study attempted to look at the influence of various socio-demographic, environmental, and lifestyle factors on the recent dengue outbreak in Noakhali district, Bangladesh. Methods: The study adopted a mixed-method analysis of information collected from hospital records of dengue patients, and a telephone survey of the same patients to collect background information, their length of stay in the hospital, types of symptoms they had & medicines they took, etc. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were used for analysis. Result: More than 80% of the patients were male, aged <30 years and resided in urban and semi-urban areas; >60% of the patients got bitten by dengue vector at working place or while traveling, >50% of the patients reported that they did not have proper sewage and garbage management at place. Patients living in urban areas were more likely to get infected with dengue than in other areas. Older patients (≥30 years) were more likely to stay longer duration in hospital than younger ones. Moreover, men had higher chances of getting bitten at working place than women and children who were mostly bitten at household and surrounding environment [OR = 14.7; P = 0.01]. Conclusion: Environmental, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors had effects on dengue patients and their sufferings at the hospital. A safe working environment, proper sewage, and garbage management system, and organized urban development plan can help to reduce larvae development sites to a great extent.

Socio-Demographic Factors and Health-Related Behaviors Associated with Gerontology

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Dr. Ravi S. Dalawai
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Indian population is in growing trend from 942.2 million in 1994 to 1.36 billion in 2019.Among this six per cent of India's population was of the age 65 and above (UNFPA, 2019). Today the work culture is totally changed. Both husband and wife are forced to work in the current scenario and unable to take care of their parents. The changing structure created increased problems for old age people leads to loneliness, psychological, physical health and financial insecurity. The study paper provides insight into the social and demographic factor and health related sickness of the oldest people. This research explained the cross-sectional study included a representative sample (n=116) of adults aged ≥60 years. The sample was chosen using a four-stage stratified random-cluster survey sampling method .The Chi Square test and ANOVA test was analyzed using SPSS20.

scholarly journals Changes in Six-Month Prevalence of Circulatory System Diseases among People Aged 20 Years and Older between 2013 and 2018 in Hunan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2599
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Rao ◽  
Junjie Hua ◽  
Ruotong Li ◽  
Yanhong Fu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Recent changes in population-based prevalence for circulatory system diseases (CSDs) remain unreported either nationally or locally for China. Data were from the two-round health service household interview survey of Hunan Province, China, in 2013 and 2018. A Rao–Scott chi-square test was performed to examine prevalence differences across socio-demographic variables. The overall age-standardized prevalence of CSDs increased substantially between 2013 and 2018 for inhabitants aged 20 years and older (14.25% vs. 21.25%; adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.24–2.04). Hypertensive disease was the most prevalent type of CSD, accounting for 87.24% and 83.83% of all CSDs in 2013 and in 2018, respectively. After controlling for other socio-demographic factors, the prevalence of CSDs was significantly higher in 2018 (adjusted OR = 1.40), urban residents (adjusted OR = 1.43), females (adjusted OR = 1.12) and older age groups (adjusted OR = 5.36 for 50–59 years, 9.51 for 60–69 years, 15.19 for 70–79 years, and 12.90 for 80 years and older) than in 2013, rural residents, males and the youngest age group (20–49 years). The recent increase in the overall age-standardized CSD prevalence and the large prevalence disparities across urban/rural residents, sex and age groups merit the attention of policymakers and researchers. Further prevention efforts are needed to curb the increasing tendency and to reduce the prevalence of disparities across socio-demographic groups.

scholarly journals Study of magnitude and socio-demographic factors associated with anaemia among children of a school for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3141
Author(s):  
Pritish K. Raut ◽  
Shubhada S. Avachat ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Rutuja D. Pundkar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Anaemia is one of the important silent morbidity in childhood that affects the development of a child. Disabled children are more vulnerable for nutritional problems like under-nutrition or anaemia due to inadequate nutrient intake either due to feeding problems or poor feeding knowledge among care providers. However there are very few studies regarding nutritional problems of intellectually disabled. The aims of the study were to assess the nutritional status and magnitude of anaemia among mentally challenged children and to study the socio-demographic variables associated with anaemia among them.Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted in a Day School for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar. All 45 children (Day scholars) were enrolled in the study. Data collection was done using a predesigned proforma for detail history. Anthropometric measurements and Body mass index were used for assessment of nutritional status. Haemoglobin estimation was done by using Sahali's Haemoglobinometer. The details of socioeconomic status and intelligence quotient (I.Q.) were taken from the official records of the school. Percentages, proportions and Chi square test were used for Statistical Analysis.Results: The mean age was 12.5 years, mean IQ was 37.8. More than half of the children were undernourished (64% had BMI<18.5). Mean Haemoglobin was 10.3 and 33 (73%) children were suffering from mild to moderate anaemia. Significant association was observed between degree of mental retardation and anaemia.Conclusions: Majority of mentally challenged children in our study were suffering from under nutrition and anaemia.

scholarly journals Exploring health literacy in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Mei ◽  
Qing Zhong ◽  
Gong Chen ◽  
Yuanxia Huang ◽  
Junlin Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background In recent years, research on health literacy has become increasingly focused on the health care system and public health. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate health literacy and analyse the risk factors that affect health literacy in Wuhan, China. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select 5304 urban and rural residents aged 15 to 69 years from 204 monitoring points in 15 districts of Wuhan. Using the Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) (2018 edition), a face-to-face survey was conducted from November to December 2018. Risk factors that may affect health literacy were assessed using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression models. Results The knowledge rate of health literacy was relatively low (19.3%). The knowledge rate of health-related behaviour and lifestyle (BAL, 17.3%) was the lowest of the three aspects of health literacy, and the knowledge rate of chronic diseases (CD, 19.0%) was the lowest of the six dimensions of health literacy. Respondents who lived in urban areas, had higher education levels, worked as medical staff, had a higher household income and did not suffer from chronic diseases were likely to have higher health literacy. Conclusions The health literacy levels of citizens in Wuhan are insufficient and need to improve.

DRUG PRESCRIPTION PROFILE AND PERINATAL DETERMINANTS DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. e1.33-e1
Author(s):  
Daniele Piovani ◽  
Antonio Clavenna ◽  
Chiara Pavoni ◽  
Maurizio Bonati
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Drug Prescriptions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
First Year Of Life

The aim of the study was to investigate the drug prescription profile during the first year of life in a cohort of newborns, and the influence of perinatal and socio-demographic factors on drug prescription.A total of 61,479 neonates born in 2011 were included. The data source was the database of reimbursed prescriptions of the Lombardy region, Italy. Drug prescriptions were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. Drug prevalence was calculated as the percentage of neonates receiving at least one drug prescription in one year. Chi-square test was used to compare prevalence of drug prescription in males and females.In all, 42,204 infants (68.7%) received at least one drug prescription, with a prevalence slightly higher in males than females (71.1% versus 66.1%; χ2=178 p<0.01). The drug classes most commonly prescribed in the first year of life were antibiotics (39.5% of infants), anti-asthmatics (32.6%), and corticosteroids for systemic use (9.8%).The median age of first prescription was 20.6 (Interquartile range: 9.4–33.3) weeks. Males received the first prescription about one week before females (20.1 versus 21.3, respectively). The first prescription concerned mainly anti-asthmatics (40.5%), and antibiotics (37.9%), and amoxicillin (16.3%), beclomethasone (16.0%), and amoxicillin+clavulanic acid (15.0%) were the most prescribed drugs.In conclusion, in the first year of life, 7 out of 10 infants received drug prescriptions. Males were more exposed than females, a finding consistent with the epidemiology of diseases in infancy. The analysis concerning the influence of maternal and perinatal factors is ongoing.

scholarly journals Influence of Social Media on the Indian Population’s Perception of Orthodontic-Related Posts: A Mixed Method Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422110262
Author(s):  
Tarulatha R Shyagali ◽  
Ayesha Rathore ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Anil Tiwari ◽  
Shanya Kapoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Insight Into

Introduction: In little more than a decade, social media has gone from being an entertainment source to a fully integrated part of nearly every aspect of daily life. This study aimed to provide an insight into how orthodontics-related social media posts are looked upon by the Indian population. Material and Methods: Orthodontics-related social media posts were analyzed for the number of likes, shares, and comments. Comments were also scrutinized for determining whether they were appreciation comments or enquiries related to orthodontic treatment and procedure. Posts were collected from 3 platforms: Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. A mixed-methods approach was applied. First, all posts were structured according to a quantitative content analysis. Subsequently, qualitative analysis was performed to detect potential differences between the quality of response to posts on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. Using one-way ANOVA test, differences in the data were tabulated. A Chi- Square test was used to analyze the qualitative differences in the comments, which were scrutinized to check if they were appreciation comments or enquiries/doubts related to the posts. Results: There was a significant difference between the numbers of likes, shares, and comments. Appreciation comments were more in number than enquiries. Instagram had the maximum number of likes, followed by Facebook and Twitter ( P < .00001). Facebook had more shares in comparison to Twitter. Upon an analysis done on the number of comments, Facebook was found to have the highest number of comments, followed by Instagram and Twitter. All the results were significant, with P < .00001. Conclusion: It can be concluded that social media awareness related to orthodontics posts among Indians is gaining pace, and a lot can be achieved using these social media platforms to spread awareness related to orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cryptosporidium in Patients With Gastroenteritis by Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Staining Method in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran During 2018-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Alireza Javidmehr ◽  
Yagoob Garedaghi ◽  
Amir Babak Sioufi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
East Azerbaijan

Introduction: Cryptosporidiosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that is caused by Cryptosporidium species and leads to acute or chronic diarrhea and vomiting in patients. Due to the suitable conditions of East Azerbaijan province for parasite transmission, the present study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in patients with gastroenteritis referred to hospitals and reference laboratories of East Azerbaijan province during 2018-2019. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on patients with diarrhea who referred to hospitals and reference laboratories of East Azerbaijan province during 2018-2019. In this study, 180 fecal samples were collected from patients with gastroenteritis by cluster-random sampling. Stool samples were stored in 10% formalin and transferred to a parasitology laboratory and examined for parasite contamination by modified acid-fast staining (Modified Ziehl-Neelsen) method. Data were analyzed by chi-square test using SPSS. Results: Out of 180 samples, the highest number of diarrhea samples belonged to the age group over 40 years (35.5%) and the lowest belonged to the age group of 10-20 years (7.7%). Additionally, 56% of subjects were male and 44% were female. Of these patients, 57.7% lived in urban areas and 42.3% in rural areas. Cryptosporidium was observed in 1.6% (3 cases) of patients with gastroenteritis. There was a statistically significant relationship between Cryptosporidium infection and the age of patients with diarrhea (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the present study, a lower prevalence of cryptosporidiosis has been determined in comparison with previous studies in East Azerbaijan province. However, Cryptosporidium and other parasitic infections in the feces of patients with diarrhea referred to hospitals or reference laboratories need to be carefully diagnosed by appropriate parasitological methods.

scholarly journals Study of socio-demographic factors causing interruption of anti-tuberculosis treatment in DOTS centre in Warangal district of Telangana State

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4107
Author(s):  
Tagaram Ramchandra ◽  
N. Pragathi Kumar ◽  
Niharika Lakkoju
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tribal Area ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Tribal Areas

Background: Tuberculosis has existed for millennia and remains a major global health problem. It causes ill-health in millions of people each year and in 2015 it was one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Understanding the specific reasons for unsuccessful outcomes is important to improve the treatment system. This present study was carried out to find out the effects of socio-demographic factors on TB defaulters under DOTS centre in Warangal District, Telangana state.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried among 103 defaulters of TB patients in 3 TB units (TU) Warangal (urban), Ragunathapally (rural) and Eturunagaram (tribal) out of 7 TB units in Warangal district, attached to District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC) from January 2016 to June 2016 by interview technique utilising a pretested and structured questionnaire to collect the data. Statistical analysis: Percentages, proportions and chi-square test were applied whenever necessary.Results: In present study, males (35%) were more than females (7.8%) and 42.8% were in the age group of 40-55 years, followed by 28.1% were 26-39 years age group. Majority of defaulters were in nuclear family (77.7%) followed by joint family (21.3%). Cost of travel as a reason for default of treatment was seen more in tribal area (16.5%) than rural (12.6%) and urban (4.8%) TUs. The TB patients residing in tribal areas are more prone to default, an important reason being the distance needed to travel to the closest health facility, availability and the need to travel by public transport.Conclusions: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which has a devastating impact on the economic wellbeing of individual and their families. Most of the defaulters were illiterates residing in tribal area. Cost of travel as a reason for default of treatment was seen more in tribal TU 17(16.5%) than urban and rural TUs.

scholarly journals The socio-demographic factors correlated with financial toxicity among patients with breast cancer in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maelani Susilowati ◽  
Yati Afiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Financial Toxicity ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Breast cancer is one of the major cancer types found among Indonesian women. This cancer diagnosis and its treatment causes perpetual financial burden for the women and their family. This study aims to identify the correlation between socio-demographics with financial toxicity among women with breast cancer in Indonesia.Design and methods: This study design was cross-sectional with 109 respondents of Indonesian breast cancer survivors who were recruited using consecutive sampling. Quantitative data were collected with a demographic and a Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) questionnaires, then analyzed using Chi-Square test and linear regression method.Results: The majority of the women were 18 to 55-years-old (75.2%), married (91.7%), employed (80.7%), and having moderate income (58.7%). Logistic regression analysis indicates that survivor’s family as a primary wage earner (p=0.042), low-high income (p=0.043), and dependents number (p=0.012) are significantly associated with financial toxicity.Conclusions: The financial toxicity among women with breast cancer was mainly correlated with the number of survivor’s dependent and the household income. This study encourage related parties to establish socio-economic safety net for women with breast cancer, including their families.

scholarly journals Prevailing Housing and Healthcare Management Practices in Urban and Peri-Urban Dairy Farms of Navsari District, Gujarat State

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
L. M. Rajpura ◽  
AL Rathva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Chi Square Test

Personal interviews collected the required information from a total of 40 dairy farms from urban and peri-urban areas in and around Navsari. Frequency distribution was made from collected data, and significance between two categories was tested by the Chi-square test. Data revealed that all farms provided housing round the year. The majority of the sheds had cement type of pillars and pucca floor. Gabled roof was more popular in peri-urban areas. The majority of the farms had animal shed away from human dwelling, east-west directional, a double row with head to head. The majority of the sheds had adequate light and good ventilation with drainage facility and manure pit located at an adjacent distance. The majority of farms (90%) practiced regular vaccination to their animals against foot and mouth disease and hemorrhagic Septicaemia disease. The majority (82.5%) of the respondents practiced deworming of their dairy animals regularly and also followed practices to control ectoparasites. However, only 37.5% of the farmers got their sick animals treated by veterinary officers, and 40% of farmers segregate disease affected animals. The study concluded that the majority of the farmers followed housing and health care management practices for improving the production potential and health of the dairy animals.

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