scholarly journals A Review of Groundwater Pollution Potential Threats from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Sites: Assessing the Impact on Human Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11525-11525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
N.C. Gupta ◽  
A. Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Landfill Sites ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Musculoskeletal Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

An attempt has been made in this paper to review various studies associated with groundwater contamination near landfill sites, basically caused by non-engineered landfills or open dumps in India and overseas, and its impact on human health. Landfill leachate contains different kinds of municipal toxic wastes as well as heavy metal, which finally percolates into the ground and joins the groundwater table. Consuming such water results in severe health hazards and may sometimes be fatal if consumed for long periods. Several studies have shown evidence on the high concentration of heavy metals in leachate as well as in nearby groundwater sources. Moreover, various studies have confirmed the fact that there is an increased threat of adverse health effects (low birth weight, birth defects, and certain types of cancers), congenital malformations in children, and higher risks for malformations of the nervous and musculoskeletal systems for skin, hair, and nails in local residents. Pregnant women and children are more vulnerable to these pollutants, and newborn children are more prone to the health risk. These findings may signify the real health risks associated with residents residing near landfill sites.

scholarly journals Metabolic Signatures of the Exposome—Quantifying the Impact of Exposure to Environmental Chemicals on Human Health

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Matej Orešič ◽  
Aidan McGlinchey ◽  
Craig E. Wheelock ◽  
Tuulia Hyötyläinen
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Chemical Exposures ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes ◽  
Disease Risks ◽  
External Exposures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Human health and well-being are intricately linked to environmental quality. Environmental exposures can have lifelong consequences. In particular, exposures during the vulnerable fetal or early development period can affect structure, physiology and metabolism, causing potential adverse, often permanent, health effects at any point in life. External exposures, such as the “chemical exposome” (exposures to environmental chemicals), affect the host’s metabolism and immune system, which, in turn, mediate the risk of various diseases. Linking such exposures to adverse outcomes, via intermediate phenotypes such as the metabolome, is one of the central themes of exposome research. Much progress has been made in this line of research, including addressing some key challenges such as analytical coverage of the exposome and metabolome, as well as the integration of heterogeneous, multi-omics data. There is strong evidence that chemical exposures have a marked impact on the metabolome, associating with specific disease risks. Herein, we review recent progress in the field of exposome research as related to human health as well as selected metabolic and autoimmune diseases, with specific emphasis on the impacts of chemical exposures on the host metabolome.

TROUBLES WITH A WIND FARM PROECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keenan Nakagawa ◽  
Amarjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
New Development ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Native Birds ◽  
The Impact

The Kahuku Wind Farm of Hawaii has been laden with controversy since its inception in 2011. Although it was one of the two wind farms on Oahu responsible for supplying a combined 14% of the island’s renewable energy in 2018, citizens have been outspoken in their criticism of the facility. Local residents have cited concerns regarding adverse health effects to the surrounding community, as well as deaths of native birds and endangered bats caused by the turbines. The impact on the Hawaiian hoary bat population has been a focal point of numerous complaints, as more bats are being killed than initially predicted. To the dismay of their opponents, eight additional turbines are being erected in Kahuku as part of the Na Pua Makani Wind Energy Project. And, as of November 2019, approximately 200 individuals have been arrested while protesting it. To add to the controversy, wind farm officials are currently facing legal hurdles, as challengers are skeptical on whether the project’s environmental review correctly estimates the number of birds and bats that will fall victim to this new development. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the issues associated with the Kahuku Wind Farm and Na Pua Makani Wind Energy Project, as well as the position and arguments of stakeholders and litigants.

E-waste: the growing global problem and next steps

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Heacock ◽  
Carol Bain Kelly ◽  
William A. Suk
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

AbstractIn many low- and middle-income countries, handling and disposal of discarded electrical or electronic equipment (EEE) is frequently unregulated. e-Waste contains hazardous constituents such as lead, mercury, and chromium, certain chemicals in plastics, and flame retardants. There is increasing concern about health effects related to contamination in air, soil, and water for people working and living at or near informal e-waste processing sites, especially to the most vulnerable populations, pregnant women and children. The observed adverse health effects and increasing number of e-waste sites make protecting human health and the environment from e-waste contamination an expanding challenge. Through international cooperation, awareness can be elevated about the harm that e-waste processing poses to human health. Here we discuss how international researchers, public health practitioners, and policymakers can employ solutions to reduce e-waste exposures.

scholarly journals Bisphenol A Analogues in Food and Their Hormonal and Obesogenic Effects: A Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andújar ◽  
Gálvez-Ontiveros ◽  
Zafra-Gómez ◽  
Rodrigo ◽  
Álvarez-Cubero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Made In

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most well-known compound from the bisphenol family. As BPA has recently come under pressure, it is being replaced by compounds very similar in structure, but data on the occurrence of these BPA analogues in food and human matrices are limited. The main objective of this work was to investigate human exposure to BPA and analogues and the associated health effects. We performed a literature review of the available research made in humans, in in vivo and in vitro tests. The findings support the idea that exposure to BPA analogues may have an impact on human health, especially in terms of obesity and other adverse health effects in children.

scholarly journals Airborne Aerosols and Human Health: Leapfrogging from Mass Concentration to Oxidative Potential

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Molina ◽  
Richard Toro A. ◽  
Carlos Manzano ◽  
Silvia Canepari ◽  
Lorenzo Massimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
The Impact

The mass concentration of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has been systematically used in epidemiological studies as an indicator of exposure to air pollutants, connecting PM concentrations with a wide variety of human health effects. However, these effects can be hardly explained by using one single parameter, especially because PM is formed by a complex mixture of chemicals. Current research has shown that many of these adverse health effects can be derived from the oxidative stress caused by the deposition of PM in the lungs. The oxidative potential (OP) of the PM, related to the presence of transition metals and organic compounds that can induce the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), could be a parameter to evaluate these effects. Therefore, estimating the OP of atmospheric PM would allow us to evaluate and integrate the toxic potential of PM into a unique parameter, which is related to emission sources, size distribution and/or chemical composition. However, the association between PM and particle-induced toxicity is still largely unknown. In this commentary article, we analyze how this new paradigm could help to deal with some unanswered questions related to the impact of atmospheric PM over human health.

Howling Winds: Sound, Sense, and the Politics of Noise Regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mopas
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Made In ◽  
Key Questions

AbstractThis paper explores attempts made in North America to govern noise and uses the current debates over the impact of wind turbines on human health as a site for examining the politics of noise regulation. I address a number of key questions: First, how has noise been defined and how have these definitions changed over time? Second, how have we tried to control noise and on what grounds have we done this? Lastly, how have our responses to noise been shaped by who is making the noise and who is being disturbed? I argue that our understandings of noise and how we regulate it cannot be disentangled from the broader social, political, cultural, and technological contexts in which these discussions take place. Ultimately, the debates about noise regulation have as much to do with who is making the noise and who is being disturbed as the noise, itself.

scholarly journals The Impact of “Unseasonably” Warm Spring Temperatures on Acute Myocardial Infarction Hospital Admissions in Melbourne, Australia: A City with a Temperate Climate

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Loughnan ◽  
Nigel Tapper ◽  
Terence Loughnan
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Alert System ◽  
Anomalous Temperature ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
The Impact

The effects of extreme temperatures on human health have been well described. However, the adverse health effects of warm weather that occurs outside the summer period have had little attention. We used daily anomalous AMI morbidity and daily anomalous temperature to determine the impact of “unseasonable” temperature on human health. The “unseasonably” warm weather was attributed to a slow moving high pressure system to the east of Melbourne. No morbidity displacement was noted during either of these periods suggesting that morbidity due to “unseasonable” temperatures is avoidable. An increase in warmer weather during the cooler months of spring may result in increased morbidity, and an alert system based on summer thresholds may not be appropriate for early season heat health warnings. A straightforward alert system based on calculating anomalous temperature from daily weather forecasts may reduce the public health impact of “unseasonably” warm weather.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF DUST PARTICLES ON AIR QUALITY AND ASSOCIATED HUMAN HEALTH IN ILORIN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Mukhtar Balarabe ◽  
Bello Saadu
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Total Suspended Particles ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact

To improve our understanding of the impact of desert dust on human health, there is need to constantly monitor and examined the dust related phenomena. Therefore, twenty 20 year’s (1998–2018) data of visibility for Ilorin Nigeria were used to estimate the concentrations of the Total Suspended Particles (TSP) and Particulate Matter PM10 as usually used to monitor air quality on international level. The results established the threshold for daily concentration of TSP (254) and PM10 (186) μgm−3 at the study sites. It also identified months (November-March) of the following year with the greatest number of days having low air quality (high concentration of TSP and PM10). These months are responsible for 47% of the annual air pollution and number of days above the US EPA-NAAQSTSP, US EPA-NAAQS PM10 as well as the 24-hour EU-LVAQ regulations, respectively. Furthermore, some considerable numbers of days were found to experienced hazardous atmospheric condition for the total number of days, Harmattan and summer respectively. The concentrations of PM10 (0-54 μgm−3) showed absence of good air quality throughout the period of study. Even though, there were significant number of days associated with moderate air quality most of which occurs during summer. Consequence of which can lead to increased respiratory symptoms and aggravation of lung diseases. It was also observed that, the concentrations of TSP and PM10 start of build up in the atmosphere by October, reaching peak in December and January before it decline by April and remain low with almost uniform values until September.

scholarly journals Non-Linear Nexus between CO₂ Emission, Economic Growth in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiah Chukwuma Ngonadi ◽  
Joy Okere ◽  
John Ngonadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Co Emission ◽  
Pollution Halo Hypothesis ◽  
Made In

CO2 levels are often seen as a major global problem faced by most countries; our study aims to examine the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on CO2 emission in Nigeria. Based on the “Pollution Heaven Hypothesis” and the “Pollution Halo Hypothesis” standards using the STARPAT standards model, this article assess the impact of economic factors on CO2 emission. Based on our findings, energy consumption is not sustainable in Nigeria, that is there is a high concentration of CO2 emission. U-lines with the traditional EKC data and the use of N-type foreign investments are now raising CO2 in Nigeria's cities through their “predictive” carbon emissions. Based on the results of previous studies, we report that changes are needed to be made in order to reduce carbon emissions in Nigeria which represent one of the challenges faced in developing countries.

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