scholarly journals Clinical Staging in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Borbála Dombi ◽  
Ágota Barabássy ◽  
Barbara Sebe ◽  
István Laszlovszky ◽  
György Németh
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Past ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Staging Model

The aim of this chapter is to summarize the state-of-the-art knowledge of clinical staging in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Clinical staging has been introduced to psychiatry in the past two decades. Its primary goal is to divide the course of the disorder into recognizable stages based on seriousness, development and symptom characteristics in order to better predict prognosis and to adopt the most appropriate treatment strategies. The first staging model was developed in 1982. Since then several distinct concepts of clinical staging in psychiatry have emerged. To date, there is no clinical consensus regarding which staging model is the gold standard, nonetheless when merging them together an integrated staging concept arises. The integrated staging model of schizophrenia spectrum disorders is composed of four stages. The chapter will introduce the different staging models in a historical order as well as present the integrated staging model detailing the characteristics, timeline and dominating symptoms of each stage. Appropriate treatment strategies for the distinct stages will also be outlined.

scholarly journals Switching antipsychotics: Results of 16-month non-interventional, prospective, observational clinical research of inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Cvetka Bačar Bole ◽  
Mitja Pišlar ◽  
Metka Šen ◽  
Rok Tavčar ◽  
Aleš Mrhar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Switching Strategies

AbstractThe study aims to identify prescribing and switching patterns of antipsychotics in clinical practice. A 16-month, prospective study was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital Idrija, Slovenia. Inpatients (N = 311) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were observed. The causes for switching antipsychotics and switching strategies were analyzed. Analyzing a total of 3954 prescriptions, the collected data confirmed that treatment strategies in this psychiatric hospital are very complex. It was found that 37 percent of inpatients had at least one switch. Moreover, switches that included three or more antipsychotics were detected. The most common causes for switching antipsychotics were adverse reactions and inefficacy or lack of efficacy. Among switching options, abrupt switch was recorded several times. As some patients are receiving several antipsychotics at the same time, it is possible that unusual switching occurs in clinical practice. It seems that the choice of switching strategy is also affected by the cause and urgency for switching an antipsychotic.

scholarly journals Psychosis in Women: Time for Personalized Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Marianna Mazza ◽  
Emanuele Caroppo ◽  
Domenico De Berardis ◽  
Giuseppe Marano ◽  
Carla Avallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Part ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Staging Model

Early detection and prompt treatment of psychosis is of the utmost importance. The great variability in clinical onset, illness course, and response to pharmacological and psychosocial treatment is in great part gender-related. Our aim has been to review narratively the literature focusing on gender related differences in the psychoses, i.e., schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We searched the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases on 31 July 2021, focusing on recent research regarding sex differences in early psychosis. Although women, compared to men, tend to have better overall functioning at psychotic symptom onset, they often present with more mood symptoms, may undergo misdiagnosis and delay in treatment and are at a higher risk for antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic and endocrine-induced side effects. Furthermore, women with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have more than double the odds of having physical comorbidities than men. Tailored treatment plans delivered by healthcare services should consider gender differences in patients with a diagnosis of psychosis, with a particular attention to early phases of disease in the context of the staging model of psychosis onset.

scholarly journals Developmental aspects of schizophrenia and related disorders: possible implications for treatment strategies

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Susceptibility Factors ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis

Schizophrenia and other schizophrenia-spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders which may share genetic susceptibility factors and represent differential expressions of an underlying vulnerability. Schizophrenia may have its onset in childhood and can be reliably diagnosed. However, developmental factors modulate disease expression in children. Although the prevalence of schizophrenia in childhood is low, children who develop schizophrenia in adult life may show subtle and non-specific developmental abnormalities, consistent with the neurodevelopmental hypothesis. Studies of the schizophrenia prodrome also demonstrate that abnormalities may be apparent years before the onset of positive symptoms. Such evidence raises the possibility of using preventive approaches in the treatment of schizophrenia. Further advances in our knowledge of the aetiopathology of schizophrenia (and the identification of endophenotypes within the group of schizophrenia and related disorders) may further improve our ability to predict disease development, making implementation of preventive interventions more achievable.

scholarly journals Schizophrenia: family studies and treatment of spectrum disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-391
Keyword(s):  
Family Studies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

A substantial part of the contribution of genetic studies to the treatment of schizophrenia involves its emphasis on reliable and valid diagnoses. One consequence of this focus is the recognition that schizophrenic illness is broader than the diagnostic entity of schizophrenia itself, and instead consists of a "spectrum" of related disorders. Because some of the symptoms in these disorders differ from each other, they provide an opportunity to determine which ones reflect a common etiology. To the extent that such symptoms are identifiable, they may provide a foundation for treatment and even prevention strategies. In this paper, we focus on a clinical condition - "schizotaxia" - that may reflect the liability for schizophrenia. To characterize the nature and extent of this proposed syndrome, we will review results from family studies in our laboratory, and consider conceptual foundations and criteria for assessment. A more general consideration of treatment strategies for schizophrenia spectrum disorders follows, along with suggestions for future research. Our initial attempts to treat and validate schizotaxia are encouraging, and raise the possibility that early treatment might eventually prevent or attenuate the development of other, more severe disorders in the schizophrenia spectrum, including schizophrenia itself.

Screening Adolescents for Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Cornblatt ◽  
M. Obuchowski ◽  
S. Roberts ◽  
S. Pollack ◽  
L. Erienmeyer-Kimling
Keyword(s):  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders
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