scholarly journals Silvicultural Practices in Venezuelan Natural Forests: An Historical Perspective and Prospects of Sustainable Forest Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio Vilanova
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Silvicultural Practices

scholarly journals Sustainable management of mountain forests in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vacek ◽  
V. Balcar
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
The Czech Republic

Forest management in the Czech Republic (CR) was not shaped in the environment of natural forests but in the territory that was influenced by unregulated felling and animal grazing for a long time. Hence the fear for sustainable and balanced benefits from forests endangered by long-term uncontrolled exploitation was legitimate. Almost after three centuries of application of the sustainability principle, forests are considered not only as a source of renewable wood raw material but also as a tool of the environment formation. Mountain forests are an important landscape component of this country. They are an object of specific importance from the aspect of natural environment conservation, stabilization of natural processes and general landscape homeostasis. In addition, they fulfil a number of production and non-production functions. Cardinal elements of sustainable forest management in the CR conditions are as follows: management of the forest as an ecosystem, i.e. transition from exclusive care of forest tree species and their stands to care of the whole forest ecosystems; restructuring (conversion, reconstruction) of damaged and declining forests; optimum (species, genetic, spatial, age) structure of forest ecosystems differentiated according to site conditions and management targets; differentiated transition from general management to group or individual methods; utilization and support of spontaneous processes such as natural regeneration, competition and other principles of self-regulation. The above cardinal elements of sustainable forest management are applicable to forests of the CR in general, but their importance considerably increases in mountain forests where many species survive on the margin of subsistence. Moreover, mountain forests of CR have been heavily destroyed by anthropogenic factors, especially air-pollution ecological stresses, during the last three or four decades.

Die Wald-Holz-Option, eine Brücke zwischen Klimapolitik und Wirtschaft – zehn Thesen | The forest/wood option: a bridge between climate politics and the economy - ten theses

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (12) ◽  
pp. 480-488
Author(s):  
Albrecht Bemmann ◽  
Karl Peter Hasenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Carbon Reservoir

Since the beginning of industrialisation the CO2 content in the Earth's atmosphere has increased from approx. 280 ppmv to approx. 370 ppmv today. Despite all national measures and international agreements to reduce them, CO2 emissions will roughly double over the coming decades (carbon emissions:5.6 billion tonnes in 1990; 12.0 billion tonnes in 2050). The forest/wood option has six components: • Avoiding CO2 emissions with forest protection measures • Priority protection for natural forests that represent important carbon reservoirs. • Increase of the fixation of carbon in forest ecological systems and wood products • Increase in biomass and therefore the carbon reservoir via sustainable forest management; • Creation of CO2 sinks by afforesting deforested areas, as well as the regeneration of partially cleared or degraded forests; the creation of nurseries on agricultural land; • By creating sustainable yield the carbon reservoir of the forest can be extended for the duration of its use via wood products (product – reservoir). • Lowering CO2 emissions by substitution • Energetic use of wood from sustainable forest management instead of fossil fuels avoids additional CO2 emissions,as the CO2 released from wood is recaptured and embedded in the biomass; • Use of wood instead of energy intensive materials such as steel, aluminium, cement or stone, avoids CO2 emissions. Taking natural and socio-economic conditions into account the possibilities of the forest/wood option can be implemented in a number countries. Flat, open regions with some forest stands are the best locations for afforestation, which, owing to their socio-economic circumstances, provide suitable conditions for sustainable forest management. The more than two hundred years experience with sustainable forest management and use of wood gained by European foresters and forest scientists should be made available to countries outside Europe for the implementation of the forest/wood option.

scholarly journals Ukrainian plain oak forests and their natural regeneration

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Tkach ◽  
Maksym Rumiantsev ◽  
Oleksii Kobets ◽  
Volodymyr Luk’yanets ◽  
Sergiy Musienko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Seed Origin

Abstract Changes in the areas and stock volumes of oak stands were analyzed within the six administrative regions in the plain area of Ukraine, based on forest management data (subcompartment database) as of 2001 and 2016. The studied regions geographically related to the Left-bank Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine (Kyiv, Poltava, Sumy, Kharkiv, Cherkasy and Chernihiv Regions). The analyzed area was over 284,000 hectares. The paper outlines the present state of the oak stands, concerning their origin (vegetative, natural seed and planted seed stands). Forestry-taxation indices of the stands were determined by grouping the plots according to age and further clustering in four age groups. The natural regeneration under a canopy in oak stands was accounted and estimated using circular 10 m2 (R = 178 cm) accounting plots. The oak forests were found to be dominated by stands of vegetative (coppice) origin (57%). Planted seed-origin oak stands covered 101,000 ha or 36% of the total area (284,000 ha). Stands of natural seed origin amounted to 7%. From 2001 to 2016, the total area of oak forests in the study region decreased by nearly 7,000 hectares. The analysis of literature sources allowed identifying numerous factors, which have the greatest influence on the emergence, liveability, and growth of natural regeneration of pedunculated oak. Only 20% of the investigated oak stands were found to have a sufficient amount of oak regeneration. For the implementation of sustainable forest management, activities should be aimed at optimizing the age structure of oak forests and growing natural forests from seeds.

scholarly journals Enhancing Sustainable Management of Public Natural Forests Through Public Private Partnerships in Kenya

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110544
Author(s):  
Sylvester Ngome Chisika ◽  
Chunho Yeom
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
The Government

Many countries are fast implementing forest conservation Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) as an innovative conservation approach. However, with the growing human needs, forest management challenges, especially limited funding for forest conservation are increasing the need for lessons on Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in many developing countries. This study addressed this challenge from the perspective of sustainable forest management using literature review and document content analysis. Results from Kenya substantiate that despite the complex development challenges, public natural forests provide many benefits that can be delivered to citizens through Public Private Partnerships (PPPs). Toward actualizing these partnership possibilities, the government has developed policies and established institutions to coordinate and enhance their implementation. These results imply the presence fairly stable conditions required for building trust and confidence amongst private partners involved in the governance of public natural forests. However, there are some significant challenges that should be addressed if PPPs are to be applied in forest management as truly a transformative conservation approach

scholarly journals Enhancing Ecologically Sustainable Management of Deadwood in Kenya’s Natural Forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sylvester Ngome Chisika ◽  
Chunho Yeom
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

The need for ecologically sustainable management of natural forests has assumed greater prominence in conservation and climate change discourses. However, the identification of deadwood, a critical component of natural forests, continues to receive little attention around the world. Through a review of the existing literature, this study sought to promote consciousness and awareness on the value of deadwood using the case of Kenya’s natural forests in the wider context of biodiversity conservation and climate change. Results substantiate that deadwood in natural forests performs a vital function in forest biological and ecological functions. However, forest degradation through the removal of deadwood, even though widely neglected, results in considerable biodiversity loss and might alter natural forest ecosystems, thereby exacerbating the impacts of climate change. In Kenya, despite the recent sophistication of forest management tools, including the development of the Draft Forest Policy, 2020, and enactment of the Forest Conservation and Management Act, 2016, to increasingly recognize the more progressive forest management paradigms such as participatory forest management in natural forest management, the current deadwood management practice is faulty and could yield outcomes contrary to the policy intentions and the wider provisions of ecologically sustainable forest management. It is because major policy documents lack robust and explicit guidelines on achieving ecologically sustainable management of deadwood despite its centrality in providing ecosystem services and as a highly dependable source of energy resources for over 70% of the Kenyan population. Moreover, deadwood management appears to be affected by many complex biological, technical, policy, and socioeconomic factors that appear to be acting together against sustainable deadwood management. Still, perhaps most importantly, the absence of research on the topic is the most outstanding challenge. Therefore, in the future, improving the sustainable management of natural forests will require the restoration of deadwood and increasing consciousness on the value of deadwood through more research studies.

Sustainability certification and legality verification in Indonesian natural forest-based wood products value chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-391
Author(s):  
D. Susilawati ◽  
P.J. Kanowski
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Forest Stewardship Council ◽  
Forest Stewardship

Indonesian natural forest concessions and value chains are governed by a mandatory Timber Legality Verification System (SVLK), which includes assessment of Sustainable Production Forest Management (PHPL). Concessionaires and processors may also pursue voluntary forest certification. This study explores actors' compliance with these instruments along wood product value chains originating primarily from natural forests. Empirical results demonstrate that SVLK fostered legality compliance in domestic as well as export value chains, but still allows some possible loopholes. It is easier for actors to comply with SVLK than with Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification, because SVLK has less stringent requirements, and uses an assessment system that allows poor field performance and does not foster continuous improvement of practices. These results identify weaknesses in the architecture and implementation of the regulatory instruments, and suggest measures to strengthen Indonesia's sustainable forest management and timber legality systems.

Policy Landscape for Customary Forest Management in the Philippine Cordilleras

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Abayao
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Collective Ownership ◽  
Customary Practices

Forest management strategies in the Philippines recognize the cultural attributes of forests and customary practices accorded to them. Local communities view forests as an essential and contiguous resource. The Philippine Cordilleras is home to local community forests, natural and man-made or built. Natural forests are held collectively and managed according to customary practices. Man-made forests are developed by kin groups. These are small patches of forests that when surveyed make up a significant portion of the community’s natural resources. The “principle of collective ownership of forests” and the “customary tenurial security” are important principles in sustainable forest management in the Philippine Cordilleras. Agencies and local government units (LGUs) are challenged to strengthen their capacity to proactively encourage contemporary customary principles and practices to be used alongside official processes. These customary principles, when used within existing platforms, will prepare communities to face issues that affect their customary forests. Forests in some parts of the Cordilleras are tenured customarily, and such tenure comes with responsibility under the customary regime. The customary regime needs to be given equal attention in official processes to strengthen and effectively enforce forest local governance.

scholarly journals An historical perspective on the development of forest planning models with emphasis on operational level

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. D. dos Santos ◽  
A. Silva ◽  
A. Augustynczik ◽  
J. Arce
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Planning ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Planning Problems

The application of operations research techniques has led to a substantial improvement in the economic and ecologic efficiency of forest management, both for planted and natural forests. Forest planning addresses problems in different hierarchical levels that involve specific planning horizons and formulation complexity. This study proposes an historical perspective on the development of forest planning models in the last five decades, with a focus on the operational level. The emergence of operations research applied to forest planning problems can be dated back to the 60’s, with an intensification of this line of research on the 80’s and 90’s, accompanying the fast development on the available computing power. In the 90’s, forest planning problems started to be classified according to hierarchical levels in strategic, tactical and operational. While the strategic and tactical levels address decisions on the long- and medium-term, the operational level deals with short-term decisions, typically involving harvesting machinery allocation and transportation of forest products. In this sense, the operational planning is characterized by a high level of complexity of the planning models and economic importance to forest management. We conclude that despite the increasing number of publications related to forest planning, the operational level remains underrepresented and efforts to integrate decisions across the different hierarchical levels of forest planning are required.

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