scholarly journals Oil–Water Separation Techniques for Bilge Water Treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Amran ◽  
Siti Nor Adibah Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
International Convention ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Bilge Water ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

Discharging accumulated bilge water from the ship is very important in order to maintain its stability and safety. However, the bilge water that contains contaminants, including waste oils and oily wastes, must be treated prior discharging to the sea. The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) has set strict oil discharge limit in order to minimize sea pollution. Thus, an efficient oil–water separator must be installed to separate the oil from the bilge water. This chapter introduces and discusses the working mechanisms, as well as advantages and disadvantages of the available oil–water separation techniques for bilge water treatment, which include gravitational, centrifugation, flotation, coagulation and flocculation, biological processes as well as absorption and adsorption.

scholarly journals Refinery processed water treatment via the low energy Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadije El Kadi ◽  
Isam Janajreh ◽  
Raed Hashaikeh ◽  
Rizwan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Mass Flux ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Oil Fouling

The amount of refinery water discharged to the environment from oil industry has increased vigorously in current times. Recent research has been focusing on the use of membrane technology for the refinery processed water treatment. Membrane Distillation (MD) is an emerging technology that has been highly marked by its low-energy requirement and high desalination efficiency. However, conventional MD membranes (i.e. PVDF) are not feasible for oil-water separation processes. That is due to the oleo-philic property of the membrane and thus, causes membrane fouling and halts the production of mass flux. An anti-oil-fouling membrane is essential for a successful oil-water separation by MD. Underwater-oleophobic as well as omniphobic are two different approaches in fabricating such membranes. The former approach is based on the asymmetric surface wettability, whereas the latter is attributed to the surface structure that is characterized by having a very large contact angle for all liquids. However, such composite membranes are characterized by their lower porosity, smaller pore size, but with unique surface slippage, in comparable with the conventional PVDF membranes. As such, in this work, high fidelity numerical simulation of DCMD is performed using non-isothermal Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) validated model in order to assess the role of the anti-oil-fouling membrane properties on the performance of the DCMD. Results are presented in terms of temperature polarization coefficient, mass flux, latent heat flux, and thermal efficiency. Results show the compromising effect of membrane porosity to 45% reduces the mass flux and thermal efficiency respectively by 68% and 40%, and reduction of pore size to the half (i.e. 50 nm) can cause a reduction by 50.6% in mass flux and 24.18% in thermal efficiency compared to the baseline (i.e. 100 nm). On the other hand, the omniphobic slippage effect leads to a noticeable gain of 16% in DCMD mass flux with slight gain in thermal efficiency. This can maximize mass flux and thermal efficiency to be as much as 50.3 kg/m2 h and 69%, respectively.

Oil/water separation techniques: a review of recent progresses and future directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (31) ◽  
pp. 16025-16058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Kumar Gupta ◽  
Gary J. Dunderdale ◽  
Matt W. England ◽  
Atsushi Hozumi
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

The recent progress of oil/water separation technologies using various materials that possess surface superwetting properties is summarized.

Construction of superhydrophilic and under-water superoleophobic carbon-based membranes for water purification

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (77) ◽  
pp. 73399-73403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jincui Gu ◽  
Peng Xiao ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Ganggang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Multifunctional Materials ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Carbon Based

A novel hybrid Ag/PAA-CNTs membrane with oil/water separation performance and antibacterial functions is presented, which may open a new window to achieve multifunctional materials for water treatment.

scholarly journals Rational design of materials interface at nanoscale towards intelligent oil–water separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzheng Ge ◽  
Chunyan Cao ◽  
Jianying Huang ◽  
Xinnan Zhang ◽  
Yuxin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Emulsified Oil ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

Oil–water separation is critical for the water treatment of oily wastewater or oil-spill accidents. In this review, we present the state-of-the-art developments in the rational design of materials at the nanoscale with special wettability for separation of immiscible/emulsified oil–water mixtures.

scholarly journals Bioinspired oil–water separation approaches for oil spill clean-up and water purification

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2150) ◽  
pp. 20190120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Bhushan
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Oil Water Separation ◽  
Oil Water

Water contamination is one of the major environmental and natural resource concerns in the twenty-first century. Oil contamination can occur during operation of machinery, oil exploration and transportation, and due to operating environment. Oil spills occasionally occur during oil exploration and transportation. Water contamination with various chemicals is a major concern with growing population and unsafe industrial practices of waste disposal. Commonly used oil–water separation techniques are either time consuming, energy intensive and/or environmentally unfriendly. Bioinspired superhydrophobic/superoleophobic and superoleophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces have been developed which are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Bioinspired oil–water separation techniques can be used to remove oil contaminants from both immiscible oil–water mixtures and oil–water emulsions. Coated porous surfaces with an affinity to water and repellency to oil and vice versa are commonly used. The former combination of affinity to water and repellency to oil is preferred to avoid oil contamination of the porous substrate. Oil–water emulsions require porous materials with a fine pore size. Recommended porous materials include steel mesh and cotton fabric for immiscible oil–water mixtures and cotton for oil–water emulsions. A review of various approaches is presented in this paper. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology (part 2)’.

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