scholarly journals Catalysts for Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Petroleum Residues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Thian Tye
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Petroleum Residues

Characterisation of heavy oils and petroleum residues

Fuel ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
J. Eude
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Petroleum Residues

Upgrading petroleum residues and heavy oils

Fuel ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Keith D. Bartle
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Petroleum Residues

Microscopic versus process parameters in heavy-oil upgrading

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
V.A. Munoz ◽  
R.J. Mikula ◽  
C. Payette ◽  
W.W. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Optical Texture ◽  
Polar Groups ◽  
Anisotropic Character ◽  
Planar Molecules

The transformation of high molecular weight components present in heavy oils into useable liquid fuels requires their decomposition by means of a variety of processes. The low molecular weight species produced recombine under controlled conditions to generate synthetic fuels. However, an important fraction undergo further recombination into higher molecular weight components, leading to the formation of coke. The optical texture of the coke can be related to its originating components. Those with high sulfur and oxygen content tend to produce cokes with small optical texture or fine mosaic, whereas compounds with relatively high hydrogen content are likely to produce large optical texture or domains. In addition, the structure of the parent chemical components, planar or nonplanar, determines the isotropic or anisotropic character of the coke. Planar molecules have a tendency to align in an approximately parallel arrangement to initiate the formation of the nematic mesophase leading to the formation of anisotropic coke. Nonplanar highly alkylated compounds and/or those rich in polar groups form isotropic coke. The aliphatic branches produce steric hindrance to alignment, whereas the polar groups participate in cross-linking reactions.

Microwave Assisted Gravity Drainage of Heavy Oils

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birol Demiral ◽  
Serhat Akin ◽  
Cagdas Acar ◽  
Berna Hascakir
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Heavy Oils ◽  
Microwave Assisted
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