Microwave Assisted Gravity Drainage of Heavy Oils

10.2523/iptc-12536-ms ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Birol Demiral ◽

Serhat Akin ◽

Cagdas Acar ◽

Berna Hascakir

Keyword(s):

Gravity Drainage ◽

Heavy Oils ◽

Microwave Assisted

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Microwave Assisted Gravity Drainage of Heavy Oils

10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.148.iptc12536 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B. Hascakir ◽

C. Acar ◽

B. Demiral ◽

S. Akin

Keyword(s):

Gravity Drainage ◽

Heavy Oils ◽

Microwave Assisted

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Application of Nanoparticles to Improve the Performance of Microwave Assisted Gravity Drainage (MWAGD) as a Thermal Oil Recovery Method

10.2118/179764-ms ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hajir Al-Farsi ◽

Peyman Pourafshary ◽

Rashid S. Al-Maamari

Keyword(s):

Oil Recovery ◽

Gravity Drainage ◽

Recovery Method ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Thermal Oil

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Fate of Organic Liquid-Crystal Domains during Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage/Cyclic Steam Stimulation Production of Heavy Oils and Bitumen

Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b00315 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 4966-4972 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chuan Qin ◽

M. Becerra ◽

John M. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Liquid Crystal ◽

Organic Liquid ◽

Gravity Drainage ◽

Heavy Oils ◽

Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽

Cyclic Steam Stimulation ◽

Steam Stimulation

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Mathematical Modeling of Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage

SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering ◽

10.2118/86963-pa ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 8 (05) ◽

pp. 372-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Serhat Akin

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Heavy Oil ◽

Steam Injection ◽

Viscosity Reduction ◽

Gravity Drainage ◽

Heavy Oils ◽

Production Well ◽

Steam Chamber ◽

Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽

Wide Range

Summary A mathematical model for gravity drainage in heavy-oil reservoirs and tar sands during steam injection in linear geometry is proposed. The mathematical model is based on the experimental observations that the steam-zone shape is an inverted triangle with the vertex fixed at the bottom production well. Both temperature and asphaltene content dependence on the viscosity of the drained heavy oil are considered. The developed model has been validated with experimental data presented in the literature. The heavy-oil production rate conforms well to previously published data covering a wide range of heavy oils and sands for gravity drainage. Introduction Gravity drainage of heavy oils is of considerable interest to the oil industry. Because heavy oils are very viscous and, thus, almost immobile, a recovery mechanism is required that lowers the viscosity of the material to the point at which it can flow easily to a production well. Conventional thermal processes, such as cyclic steam injection and steam-assisted gravity drainage(SAGD), are based on thermal viscosity reduction. Cyclic steam injection incorporates a drive enhancement from thermal expansion. On the other hand, SAGD is based on horizontal wells and maximizing the use of gravity forces. In the ideal SAGD process, a growing steam chamber forms around the horizontal injector, and steam flows continuously to the perimeter of the chamber, where it condenses and heats the surrounding oil. Effective initial heating of the cold oil is important for the formation of the steam chamber in gravity-drainage processes. Heat is transferred by conduction, by convection, and by the latent heat of steam. The heated oil drains to a horizontal production well located at the base of the reservoir just below the injection well. Based on the aforementioned concepts, Butler et al. derived Eq. 1 assuming that the steam pressure is constant in the steam chamber, that only steam flows in the steam chamber, that oil saturation is residual, and that heat transfer ahead of the steam chamber to cold oil is only by conduction. One physical analogy of this process is that of a reservoir in which an electric heating element is placed horizontally above a parallel horizontal producing well.

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Microscopic versus process parameters in heavy-oil upgrading

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012223x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 366-367

Author(s):

V.A. Munoz ◽

R.J. Mikula ◽

C. Payette ◽

W.W. Lam

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Liquid Fuels ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Heavy Oils ◽

Synthetic Fuels ◽

High Hydrogen ◽

Optical Texture ◽

Polar Groups ◽

Anisotropic Character ◽

Planar Molecules

The transformation of high molecular weight components present in heavy oils into useable liquid fuels requires their decomposition by means of a variety of processes. The low molecular weight species produced recombine under controlled conditions to generate synthetic fuels. However, an important fraction undergo further recombination into higher molecular weight components, leading to the formation of coke. The optical texture of the coke can be related to its originating components. Those with high sulfur and oxygen content tend to produce cokes with small optical texture or fine mosaic, whereas compounds with relatively high hydrogen content are likely to produce large optical texture or domains. In addition, the structure of the parent chemical components, planar or nonplanar, determines the isotropic or anisotropic character of the coke. Planar molecules have a tendency to align in an approximately parallel arrangement to initiate the formation of the nematic mesophase leading to the formation of anisotropic coke. Nonplanar highly alkylated compounds and/or those rich in polar groups form isotropic coke. The aliphatic branches produce steric hindrance to alignment, whereas the polar groups participate in cross-linking reactions.

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