scholarly journals Introductory Chapter: Artificial Intelligence - Challenges and Applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh G. Harkut ◽  
Kashmira Kasat
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence

When Technology Meets Finance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Yousif Abdullatif Albastaki
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Major Part ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Digital Innovation ◽  
Customer Expectations ◽  
The Internet Of Things

There is a paradigm shift in the financial services industry. Combined with ever-changing customer expectations and preferences, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, the internet of things (IoT), and blockchain are redefining how financial institutions deliver services. It is an enormous task to remain competitive in this ever-changing environment. Financial institutions see FinTech as a major part of the digital future, and as proof of this, since 2015, financial institutions have invested over US$ 27 billion in FinTech and digital innovation. This chapter is an introductory chapter that explores FinTech in the literature. It focuses on how FinTech is reshaping the financial industry by describing FinTech phases and development process. The financial products and services using FinTech are also described with a highlight on Islamic FinTech. The chapter finally concludes by describing the future of FinTech.

Roadmap to Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual PropertyAn Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jyh-An Lee ◽  
Reto M Hilty ◽  
Kung-Chung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Legal Subjects ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
Ip Law ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
The Relationship

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and intellectual property (IP). While human beings have used various instruments and technologies to create and innovate, they themselves have been the main driving force of creativity and innovation. AI puts that into question, raising numerous challenges to the existing IP regime. Traditionally, the “intellectual” part of “intellectual property” refers to human intellect. However, since machines have become intelligent and are increasingly capable of making creative, innovative choices based on opaque algorithms, the “intellectual” in “intellectual property” turns out to be perplexing. Existing human-centric IP regimes based on promoting incentives and avoiding disincentives may no longer be relevant—or even positively detrimental—if AI comes into play. Moreover, AI has sparked new issues in IP law regarding legal subjects, scope, standards of protection, exceptions, and relationships between actors.

Introduction

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. McGinnis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Mass Destruction ◽  
Information Markets ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Problem

This introductory chapter analyzes the central political problem of our time, namely how to adapt democracy to the acceleration of the information age. Modern technology creates a supply of new tools for improved governance, but it also creates an urgent demand for putting these tools to use. We need better policies to obtain the benefits of innovation as quickly as possible and to manage the social problems that speedier innovation will inevitably create—from pollution to weapons of mass destruction. Our task is to place politics progressively within the domain of information technology—to use its new or enhanced tools, such as empiricism, information markets, dispersed media, and artificial intelligence, to reinvent governance. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.

Parallel Worlds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jad Smith
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Thought Experiments ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Good Science ◽  
Parallel Forms ◽  
Chess Game ◽  
John Brunner ◽  
The City

This introductory chapter discusses the metaphor of parallel worlds as it relates to the work of John Brunner. Brunner once observed that while we all inhabit the same world, we live in and among parallel worlds. He believed that a good science-fiction writer should cultivate awareness of parallel forms of experience and open up vistas onto the future that make readers more mindful of them. In keeping with this view, he developed plots with an eye toward the possible interplay of parallel worlds, imagining zones of contact as native to human experience as the tense friendship of the WASP and “Afram” roomies Donald Hogan and Norman House in Stand on Zanzibar (1968), and as foreign to it as the alternate ecology and symbiotic biotechnologies of The Crucible of Time (1983). Throughout his career, he made a practice of conducting idiosyncratic “thought experiments” in his fiction. These ranged from mirroring the moves of a famous 1892 Steinitz-Chigorin chess game in the plot of The Squares of the City (1965) to exploring the ethical quandaries of artificial intelligence through the grafted consciousness of a sentient spaceship in A Maze of Stars (1991). Time and again, Brunner proved himself an idea merchant of the first and best order. His narrative ventures often brought together parallel genres just as dynamically as parallel worlds, and he enjoyed a lasting reputation for handling even conventional storylines and concepts with an alluring difference that made them distinct—and distinctly his.

scholarly journals Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bernd Carsten Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Human Flourishing ◽  
Ethical Approach ◽  
Rights Issues

AbstractThe introductory chapter describes the motivation behind this book and provides a brief outline of the main argument. The book offers a novel categorisation of artificial intelligence that lends itself to a classification of ethical and human rights issues raised by AI technologies. It offers an ethical approach based on the concept of human flourishing. Following a review of currently discussed ways of addressing and mitigating ethical issues, the book analyses the metaphor of AI ecosystems. Taking the ecosystems metaphor seriously allows the identification of requirements that mitigation measures need to fulfil. On the basis of these requirements the book offers a set of recommendations that allow AI ecosystems to be shaped in ways that promote human flourishing.

Rethinking our Assumptions about Moral Status

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Steve Clarke ◽  
Julian Savulescu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Moral Status ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Cognitive Capacities ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Near Future

Recent technological developments and potential technological developments of the near future require us to try to think clearly about what it is to have moral status and about when and why we should attribute moral status to beings and entities. What should we say about the moral status of human non-human chimeras, human brain organoids, artificial intelligence, cyborgs, post-humans, and human minds that have been uploaded into a computer, or onto the internet? In this introductory chapter we survey some key assumptions ordinarily made about moral status that may require rethinking. These include the assumptions that all humans who are not severely cognitively impaired have equal moral status, that possession of the sophisticated cognitive capacities typical of human adults is necessary for full moral status, that only humans can have full moral status, and that there can be no beings with higher moral status than ordinary adult humans. We also need to consider how we should treat beings and entities when we find ourselves uncertain about their moral status.

scholarly journals Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Roxana Radu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Technical Features

This book examines the emergence and evolution of global Internet governance, revealing its mechanisms, key actors, and dominant community practices. Based on extensive empirical analysis covering more than four decades, it presents the evolution of Internet regulation from the early days of networking to more recent debates on algorithms and artificial intelligence, putting into perspective its politically mediated system of rules built on technical features and power differentials. The introductory chapter places the problematique explored in this book against a broader context and establishes the link with contemporary global governance scholarship. It discusses the objectives of the book, as well as the conceptual and empirical approach applied for reaching them.

Applications of Computational Intelligence in Computing Security

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Yousif Abdullatif Albastaki
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Computational Intelligence ◽  
Fuzzy Systems ◽  
Artificial Immune Systems ◽  
Artificial Immune ◽  
Immune Systems

This chapter is an introductory chapter that attempts to highlight the concept of computational intelligence and its application in the field of computing security; it starts with a brief description of the underlying principles of artificial intelligence and discusses the role of computational intelligence in overcoming conventional artificial intelligence limitations. The chapter then briefly introduces various tools or components of computational intelligence such as neural networks, evolutionary computing, swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems, and fuzzy systems. The application of each component in the field of computing security is highlighted.

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