scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi Infection: Mechanisms of Evasion of Immune Response

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alondra Cruz Reyes ◽  
José Luis Rosales Encina
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Infection Mechanisms ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Dynamics of T Cells Repertoire During Trypanosoma cruzi Infection and its Post-Treatment Modulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 6519-6543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Egui ◽  
Paola Lasso ◽  
Elena Pérez-Antón ◽  
M. Carmen Thomas ◽  
Manuel Carlos López
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Chagas disease courses with different clinical phases and has a variable clinical presentation and progression. The acute infection phase mostly exhibits a non-specific symptomatology. In the absence of treatment, the acute phase is followed by a chronic phase, which is initially asymptomatic. This chronic asymptomatic phase of the disease is characterized by a fragile balance between the host’s immune response and the parasite replication. The loss of this balance is crucial for the progression of the sickness. The virulence and tropism of the T. cruzi infecting strain together to the inflammation processes in the cardiac tissue are the main factors for the establishment and severity of the cardiomyopathy. The efficacy of treatment in chronic Chagas disease patients is controversial. However, several studies carried out in chronic patients demonstrated that antiparasitic treatment reduces parasite load in the bloodstream and leads to an improvement in the immune response against the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite. The present review is mainly focused on the cellular patterns associated to the clinical status and the evolution of the disease in chronic patients, as well as the effectiveness of the treatment related to T. cruzi infection control. Therefore, an emphasis is placed on the dynamics of specific-antigens T cell subpopulations, their memory and activation phenotypes, their functionality and their contribution to pathogenesis or disease control, as well as their association with risk of congenital transmission of the parasite.

SOCS2 expression in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells during Trypanosoma cruzi infection: Correlation with immune response and cardiac dysfunction

2021 ◽  
pp. 108913
Author(s):  
Paulo Gaio ◽  
Melisa Gualdrón-López ◽  
Allysson Cramer ◽  
Lisia Esper ◽  
José Evaldo Rodrigues de Menezes Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Immune response, nitric oxide, autonomic dysfunction and stroke: a puzzling linkage on Trypanosoma cruzi infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.X. Pinto ◽  
M.A. Torres-Hillera ◽  
E. Mendoza ◽  
F.E. León-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Cruzi Infection

CTLA-4 regulates the murine immune response to Trypanosoma cruzi infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. B. Graefe ◽  
T. Jacobs ◽  
U. Wachter ◽  
B. M. Broker ◽  
B. Fleischer
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cruzi Infection

scholarly journals NK Cells Contribute to the Control of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection by Killing Free Parasites by Perforin-Independent Mechanisms

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 6817-6825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Lieke ◽  
Sebastian E. B. Graefe ◽  
Ulricke Klauenberg ◽  
Bernhard Fleischer ◽  
Thomas Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Antiparasitic Activity ◽  
Cruzi Infection ◽  
Different Tissues

ABSTRACT The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi circulates in the blood as trypomastigotes and invades a variety of cells to multiply intracellularly as amastigotes. The acute phase leads to an immune response that restricts the proliferation of the parasite. However, parasites are able to persist in different tissues, which causes the pathology of Chagas' disease. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in innate resistance to a variety of pathogens. In the present study we analyzed whether NK cells participated in the control of experimental T. cruzi infection. NK cells were depleted from C57BL/6 mice by antiasialo antibodies. This treatment caused an increased parasitemia during the acute phase, but tissue parasite burdens were not significantly altered according to quantitative real-time PCR. Our results demonstrated that NK cells were activated during the initial phase of a T. cruzi infection and exhibited a contact-dependent antiparasitic activity against extracellular parasites that was independent from perforin. Thus, NK cells limit the propagation of the parasite by acting on circulating T. cruzi trypomastigotes.

scholarly journals Trans-sialidase-based vaccine candidate protects against Trypanosoma cruzi infection, not only inducing an effector immune response but also affecting cells with regulatory/suppressor phenotype

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (35) ◽  
pp. 58003-58020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefanía Prochetto ◽  
Carolina Roldán ◽  
Iván A. Bontempi ◽  
Daiana Bertona ◽  
Luz Peverengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Effector Immune Response ◽  
Cruzi Infection
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