Neuropsychiatric SLE: From Immune Mechanisms to Clinical Management

FVIII inhibitors: pathogenesis and avoidance

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2014-08-535328 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 125 (13) ◽

pp. 2045-2051 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Jan Astermark

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Immune Response ◽

Clinical Management ◽

Hemophilia A ◽

Treatment Decisions ◽

Scientific Interest ◽

Immune Mechanisms ◽

Immunological Mechanisms ◽

Inhibitory Antibodies ◽

Scientific Platform

Abstract The pathogenesis of inhibitory antibodies has been the focus of major scientific interest over the last decades, and several studies on underlying immune mechanisms and risk factors for formation of these antibodies have been performed with the aim of improving the ability to both predict and prevent their appearance. It seems clear that the decisive factors for the immune response to the deficient factor are multiple and involve components of both a constitutional and therapy-related nature. A scientific concern and obstacle for research in the area of hemophilia is the relatively small cohorts available for studies and the resulting risk of confounded and biased results. Careful interpretation of data is recommended to avoid treatment decisions based on a weak scientific platform. This review will summarize current concepts of the underlying immunological mechanisms and risk factors for development of inhibitory antibodies in patients with hemophilia A and discuss how these findings may be interpreted and influence our clinical management of patients.

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Assessing the Use of Age-Equivalent Scores in Clinical Management

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/0161-1461.2301.06 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 6-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Carol W. Lawrence

Keyword(s):

Case Management ◽

Clinical Management ◽

Management Decisions ◽

Language Deficits

Speech-language evaluation reports from many institutions present age-equivalent scores as the evidence for speech-language deficits. Yet, the value and interpretation of this measurement criterion requires clinical scrutiny. This article reviews the concept and derivation of age-equivalent scores and presents arguments against their use in case management decisions.

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Structural Aspects of Phonological Development

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/0161-1461.1901.05 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 5-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karen E. Pollock ◽

Richard G. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Clinical Management ◽

Structural Complexity ◽

Strong Preference ◽

Phonological Development ◽

Structural Position ◽

Phonological Disorders ◽

Syllabic Structure ◽

The Relationship ◽

Structural Aspects ◽

Target Words

The relationship between syllabic structure and segmental development was examined longitudinally in a child with a severe phonological disorder. Six speech samples were collected over a 4-year period (3:5 to 7:3). Analyses revealed gradual increases in the complexity and diversity of the syllable structures produced, and positional preferences for sounds within these forms. With a strong preference for [d] and [n] at the beginning of syllables, other consonants appeared first at the end of syllables. Implications for clinical management of phonological disorders include the need to consider both structural position and structural complexity in assessing segmental skills and in choosing target words for intervention.

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