scholarly journals The Contribution of Changes in Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling System of the Brain and Myocardium to Etiology and Pathogenesis of Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Olegovich Shpakov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling System ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals The Functional State of Hormone-Sensitive Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling System in Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander O. Shpakov ◽  
Kira V. Derkach
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Signaling Systems ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Polypeptide Hormones ◽  
Hormone Sensitive

Diabetes mellitus (DM) induces a large number of diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular, and some other systems of the organism. One of the main causes of the diseases is the changes in the functional activity of hormonal signaling systems which lead to the alterations and abnormalities of the cellular processes and contribute to triggering and developing many DM complications. The key role in the control of physiological and biochemical processes belongs to the adenylyl cyclase (AC) signaling system, sensitive to biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones. The review is devoted to the changes in the GPCR-G protein-AC system in the brain, heart, skeletal muscles, liver, and the adipose tissue in experimental and human DM of the types 1 and 2 and also to the role of the changes in AC signaling in the pathogenesis and etiology of DM and its complications. It is shown that the changes of the functional state of hormone-sensitive AC system are dependent to a large extent on the type and duration of DM and in experimental DM on the model of the disease. The degree of alterations and abnormalities of AC signaling pathways correlates very well with the severity of DM and its complications.

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