Current and Emerging Technologies for Rapid Detection of Pathogens

Emerging technologies for the rapid detection of enteric viruses in the aquatic environment

Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health ◽

10.1016/j.coesh.2020.01.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Kata Farkas ◽

Finn Mannion ◽

Luke S. Hillary ◽

Shelagh K. Malham ◽

David I. Walker

Keyword(s):

Aquatic Environment ◽

Rapid Detection ◽

Emerging Technologies ◽

Enteric Viruses

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Current and emerging technologies for rapid detection and characterization of Salmonella in poultry and poultry products

Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.fm.2013.10.002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 250-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Si Hong Park ◽

Muhsin Aydin ◽

Anita Khatiwara ◽

Maureen C. Dolan ◽

David F. Gilmore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rapid Detection ◽

Emerging Technologies ◽

Poultry Products

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Current and Emerging Technologies for the Detection of Norovirus from Shellfish

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8060187 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 187 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pradip Gyawali ◽

Sanjaya KC ◽

David J. Beale ◽

Joanne Hewitt

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Rapid Detection ◽

Emerging Technologies ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Novel Biomarkers ◽

Simple Matrix ◽

Virus Recovery ◽

User Friendly ◽

Collaborative Efforts

Reports of norovirus infections associated with the consumption of contaminated bivalve molluscan shellfish negatively impact both consumers and commercial shellfish operators. Current virus recovery and PCR detection methods can be expensive and time consuming. Due to the lack of rapid, user-friendly and onsite/infield methods, it has been difficult to establish an effective virus monitoring regime that is able to identify contamination points across the production line (i.e., farm-to-plate) to ensure shellfish quality. The focus of this review is to evaluate current norovirus detection methods and discuss emerging approaches. Recent advances in omics-based detection approaches have the potential to identify novel biomarkers that can be incorporated into rapid detection kits for onsite use. Furthermore, some omics techniques have the potential to simultaneously detect multiple enteric viruses that cause human disease. Other emerging technologies discussed include microfluidic, aptamer and biosensor-based detection methods developed to detect norovirus with high sensitivity from a simple matrix. Many of these approaches have the potential to be developed as user-friendly onsite detection kits with minimal costs. However, more collaborative efforts on research and development will be required to commercialize such products. Once developed, these emerging technologies could provide a way forward that minimizes public health risks associated with shellfish consumption.

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Search mode for rapid detection of virus particles

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100085733 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 286-287

Author(s):

O. E. Bradfute

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Rapid Detection ◽

Plant Virus ◽

Low Dose ◽

Search Mode ◽

Virus Diseases ◽

Virus Particles ◽

Focus Image ◽

Time Required ◽

Rapid Switching

Electron microscopy is frequently used in preliminary diagnosis of plant virus diseases by surveying negatively stained preparations of crude extracts of leaf samples. A major limitation of this method is the time required to survey grids when the concentration of virus particles (VPs) is low. A rapid survey of grids for VPs is reported here; the method employs a low magnification, out-of-focus Search Mode similar to that used for low dose electron microscopy of radiation sensitive specimens. A higher magnification, in-focus Confirm Mode is used to photograph or confirm the detection of VPs. Setting up the Search Mode by obtaining an out-of-focus image of the specimen in diffraction (K. H. Downing and W. Chiu, private communications) and pre-aligning the image in Search Mode with the image in Confirm Mode facilitates rapid switching between Modes.

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Identification of hepatitis a virus in cell cultures by solid phase immune electron microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100142815 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 238-239

Author(s):

C.D. Humphrey ◽

T.L. Cromeans ◽

E.H. Cook ◽

D.W. Bradley

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Cell Cultures ◽

Rapid Detection ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Hepatitis A Virus ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Immune Electron Microscopy ◽

Detection And Identification

There is a variety of methods available for the rapid detection and identification of viruses by electron microscopy as described in several reviews. The predominant techniques are classified as direct electron microscopy (DEM), immune electron microscopy (IEM), liquid phase immune electron microscopy (LPIEM) and solid phase immune electron microscopy (SPIEM). Each technique has inherent strengths and weaknesses. However, in recent years, the most progress for identifying viruses has been realized by the utilization of SPIEM.

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