scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Cell Viability Assays: Principles, Advantages, and Disadvantages

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Sultan Aslantürk
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Formulation, Characterization and In vitro Cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil Loaded Polymeric Electrospun Nanofibers for the Treatment of Skin Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Patel ◽  
Bindu K.N. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Fractional Factorial

Background: The purpose of this study was to formulate, characterize and conduct in vitro cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil loaded polymeric electrospun nanofibers for the treatment of skin cancer. The patents on electrospun nanofibers (US9393216B2), (US14146252), (WO2015003155A1) etc. helped in the selection of polymers and method for the preparation of nanofibers. Methods: In the present study, the fabrication of nanofibers was done using a blend of chitosan with polyvinyl alcohol and processed using the electrospinning technique. 5-fluorouracil with known chemotherapeutic potential in the treatment of skin cancer was used as a drug carrier. 24-1 fractional factorial screening design was employed to study the effect of independent variables like the concentration of the polymeric solution, applied voltage (kV), distance (cm), flow rate (ml / hr) on dependent variables like % entrapment efficiency and fiber diameter. Results: Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize fiber diameter and morphology. Results showed that the fiber diameter of all batches was found in the range of 100-200 nm. The optimized batch results showed the fiber diameter of 162.7 nm with uniform fibers. The tensile strength obtained was 190±37 Mpa. Further in vitro and ex vivo drug release profile suggested a controlled release mechanism for an extended period of 24 hr. The 5-fluorouracil loaded electrospun nanofibers were found to decrease cell viability up to ≥50% over 24 hr, with the number of cells dropping by ~ 10% over 48 hr. As the cell viability was affected by the release of 5-fluorouracil, we believe that electrospun nanofibers are a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) skin cancer. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the possibility of delivering 5-Fluorouracil loaded electrospun nanofiber to skin with enhanced encapsulation efficiency indicating the effectiveness of the formulation for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma type of skin cancer.

scholarly journals Multiresponsive Hybrid Microparticles for Stimuli-Responsive Delivery of Bioactive Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei S. Vlasov ◽  
Pavel S. Postnikov ◽  
Mikhail V. Belousov ◽  
Sergei V. Krivoshchekov ◽  
Mekhman S. Yusubov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Ultrasonic Fields ◽  
Burst Intensity ◽  
Free Doxorubicin

Hybrid microparticles based on an iron core and an amphiphilic polymeric shell have been prepared to respond simultaneously to magnetic and ultrasonic fields and variation in the surrounding pH to trigger and modulate the delivery of doxorubicin. The microparticles have been developed in four steps: (i) synthesis of the iron core; (ii) surface modification of the core; (iii) conjugation with the amphiphilic poly(lactic acid)-grafted chitosan; and (iv) doxorubicin loading. The particles demonstrate spherical shape, a size in the range of 1–3 µm and surface charge that is tuneable by changing the pH of the environment. The microparticles demonstrate good stability in simulated physiological solutions and are able to hold up to 400 µg of doxorubicin per mg of dried particles. The response to ultrasound and the changes in the shell structure during exposure to different pH levels allows the control of the burst intensity and release rate of the payload. Additionally, the magnetic response of the iron core is preserved despite the polymer coat. In vitro cytotoxicity tests performed on fibroblast NIH/3T3 demonstrate a reduction in the cell viability after administration of doxorubicin-loaded microparticles compared to the administration of free doxorubicin. The application of ultrasound causes a burst in the release of the doxorubicin from the carrier, causing a decrease in cell viability. The microparticles demonstrate in vitro cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility at concentrations of up to 50 and 60 µg/mL, respectively.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Study: Cell Viability and Cell Morphology of Carbon Nanofibrous Scaffold/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. Abd El-Aziz ◽  
Azza El-Maghraby ◽  
Andrea Ewald ◽  
Sherif H. Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Hydrothermal Modification ◽  
Bone Cell Proliferation ◽  
L929 Mouse

Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs), which were modified with hydroxyapatite, were fabricated to be used as a substrate for bone cell proliferation. The CNFs were derived from electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers after two steps of heat treatment: stabilization and carbonization. Carbon nanofibrous (CNF)/hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites were prepared by two different methods; one of them being modification during electrospinning (CNF-8HA) and the second method being hydrothermal modification after carbonization (CNF-8HA; hydrothermally) to be used as a platform for bone tissue engineering. The biological investigations were performed using in-vitro cell counting, WST cell viability and cell morphology after three and seven days. L929 mouse fibroblasts were found to be more viable on the hydrothermally-modified CNF scaffolds than on the unmodified CNF scaffolds. The biological characterizations of the synthesized CNF/HA nanofibrous composites indicated higher capability of bone regeneration.

In Vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Oxytetracycline Loaded Cockle Shell Derived Calcium Carbonate Aragonite Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherifat Banke Idris ◽  
Abdul Kadir Arifah ◽  
Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse ◽  
Siti Zubaidah Ramanoon ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Basit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
Nih3t3 Cells ◽  
Toxicological Assessment ◽  
Culture Models

Background: Evaluation of the toxic effects of nanoparticle-drug in vitro is an important step in the design of new pharmaceutical formulations. Rapid results, reduced cost and easy handling makes cell culture models first line in initial toxicological assessment of nanodrug preparations. Objective: To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of oxytetracycline loaded calcium carbonate aragonite nanoparticle in normal mouse fibroblast (NIH3T3) cell line. Method: NIH3T3 cells were exposed to varying concentrations (6.25 - 100µg/mL) of calcium carbonate aragonite nanoparticle (CS-CaCO3NP), oxytetracycline loaded calcium carbonate aragonite nanoparticle (OTC-CS-CaCO3NP) and oxytetracycline (OTC) in 96 well plates for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTT and trypan blue assays. Result: Both assays show that CS-CaCO3NP and OTC-CS-CaCO3NP had higher cell viability values compared to OTC. Conclusion: Encapsulating OTC into CS-CaCO3NP reduced its cytotoxicity to NIH3T3 cells using both MTT and trypan blue assay.

Evaluation of the Influence of Ferrite Magnetic Nanoparticle for Cancer Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Khishigdemberel Ikhbayar ◽  
Nomin Myagmar ◽  
Gantulga Davaakhuu ◽  
Uyanga Enkhnaran ◽  
Enkhmend Bekhbaatar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticle ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Colony Formation Assay ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
A Cell

Magnetic nanoparticles for thermotherapy must be biocompatible and possess high thermal efficiency as heating elements. The biocompatibility of Mg 0.8 Ni 0.2 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles was studied using a cytotoxicity colony formation assay and a cell viability assay. HeLa cells exhibited cytotoxic effects when exposed to three different concentrations of 150 μg /ml, 100 μg /ml, and 50 μg /ml nanoparticles. Therefor e, c oncentrations of 50 μg /ml showed the lowest cytotoxic activity and the lowest toxicity to living cells. In vitro cytotoxicity of samples was then investigated by two methods, colony formation assay and cell viability assay. The Hela inhibited cell growth as 16.8% during heating by magnetic field generators.

Novel Calcium Aminoclay (CaAC)-Vitamin C Hybrid: In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment in HaCaT Cells and In-Vivo Embryotoxicity Assay in Zebrafish

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3667-3672
Author(s):  
Vinh Van Tran ◽  
Vu Khac Bui Hoang ◽  
Hang-Suk Chun ◽  
Ju-Young Moon ◽  
Young-Chul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Hacat Cell ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment

Vitamin C (VC) is well-known as a hydrophilic antioxidant commonly used in cosmeceutical formulations due to its protection and maintenance of youthful skin. Aminoclay (AC), a synthetic organic-nanoclay, has shown great potential for delivery of VC. However, the practical cosmeceutical applications of aminoclay for delivery of VC are severely limited due to the paucity of reported research on its cytotoxicity to human skin. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the biosafety of a calcium aminoclay-vitamin C (CaAC-VC) hybrid through an In-Vitro cytotoxicity assessment in HaCaT cells and an In-Vivo embryotoxicity assay in zebrafish. HaCaT cell viability and changes in the morphology and hatching rate of the zebrafish were investigated. The results indicated that the CaAC-VC hybrid showed a lower cytotoxicity relative to pure VC and that as such, it should be considered to be a promising candidate for VC-delivery applications.

scholarly journals Biotin-Decorated PAMAM G4.5 Dendrimer Nanoparticles to Enhance the Delivery, Anti-Proliferative, and Apoptotic Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drug in Cancer Cells

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endiries Yibru Hanurry ◽  
Tefera Worku Mekonnen ◽  
Abegaz Tizazu Andrgie ◽  
Haile Fentahun Darge ◽  
Yihenew Simegniew Birhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Solid Cancer

Biotin receptors are overexpressed by various types of solid cancer cells and play a significant role in tumor metabolism, growth, and metastasis. Thus, targeting the biotin receptors on tumor cells may enhance the efficiency and reduce the side-effects of chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to develop a biotin-coupled poly(amido)amine (PAMAM) (PG4.5) dendrimer nanoparticle to enhance the tumor-specific delivery and intracellular uptake of anticancer drugs via receptor-mediated endocytosis. We modified PG4.5 with diethylenetriamine (DETA) followed by biotin via an amide bond and characterized the resulting PG4.5-DETA-biotin nanoparticles by 1H NMR, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. Loading and releasing of gemcitabine (GEM) from PG4.5-DETA-biotin were evaluated by UV–Visible spectrophotometry. Cell viability and cellular uptake were examined by MTT assay and flow cytometry to assess the biocompatibility, cellular internalization efficiency and antiproliferative activity of PG4.5-DETA-biotin/GEM. Gemcitabine-loaded PG4.5-DETA-biotin nanoparticles were spherical with a particle size of 81.6 ± 6.08 nm and zeta potential of 0.47 ± 1.25 mV. Maximum drug-loading content and encapsulation efficiency were 10.84 ± 0.16% and 47.01 ± 0.71%, respectively. Nearly 60.54 ± 1.99% and 73.96 ± 1.14% of gemcitabine was released from PG4.5-DETA-biotin/GEM nanoparticles after 48 h at the acidic pH values of 6.5 and 5, respectively. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy of cellular uptake results revealed PG4.5-DETA-biotin/GEM nanoparticles selectively targeted cancer cells in vitro. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated gemcitabine-loaded PG4.5-DETA-biotin significantly reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. Thus, biotin-coupled PG4.5-DETA nanocarrier could provide an effective, targeted drug delivery system and selectively convey gemcitabine into tumor cells.

SYNTHESIS OF PEG-ENCAPSULATED SUPERPARAMAGNETIC COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS CLUSTERS

NANO ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUI WANG ◽  
YIMING LI ◽  
ZHAOFENG LUO ◽  
SHUAI ZHOU ◽  
JIN SHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Small Primary ◽  
Major Surface

PEG-encapsulated colloidal nanocrystal clusters (CNCs) have been synthesized via a one-step solvothermal process at a temperature of 230°C. The composition, phase, and morphology of these CNCs have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Studies show that each particle is a cluster structure consisting of small primary iron oxide nanocrystals. Magnetic measurements reveal the superparamagnetic nature of these CNCs at room temperature. The CNCs with different sizes (80 nm or 95 nm) can be obtained by changing the time of reaction. The dispersibility and colloidal stability of these CNCs with PEG as the major surface group have also been discussed. In vitro cytotoxicity of these CNCs with different thickness PEG layer on HeLa cell has also been assayed. Cytotoxicity results reveal that the CNCs concentration and the incubation time can influence the cell viability, and the size of CNCs almost does not affect the cell viability.

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