scholarly journals In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Study: Cell Viability and Cell Morphology of Carbon Nanofibrous Scaffold/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1552
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. Abd El-Aziz ◽  
Azza El-Maghraby ◽  
Andrea Ewald ◽  
Sherif H. Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Hydrothermal Modification ◽  
Bone Cell Proliferation ◽  
L929 Mouse

Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs), which were modified with hydroxyapatite, were fabricated to be used as a substrate for bone cell proliferation. The CNFs were derived from electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers after two steps of heat treatment: stabilization and carbonization. Carbon nanofibrous (CNF)/hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites were prepared by two different methods; one of them being modification during electrospinning (CNF-8HA) and the second method being hydrothermal modification after carbonization (CNF-8HA; hydrothermally) to be used as a platform for bone tissue engineering. The biological investigations were performed using in-vitro cell counting, WST cell viability and cell morphology after three and seven days. L929 mouse fibroblasts were found to be more viable on the hydrothermally-modified CNF scaffolds than on the unmodified CNF scaffolds. The biological characterizations of the synthesized CNF/HA nanofibrous composites indicated higher capability of bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility of glass ionomer cements with and without chlorhexidine

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S089-S093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Gulce Iz ◽  
Fahinur Ertugrul ◽  
Ece Eden ◽  
S. Ismet Deliloglu Gurhan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
L929 Mouse

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of glass ionomer cements (GICs) with and without chlorhexidine (CHX) as well as coated with varnish or not using in vitro cytotoxicity test. Materials and Methods: Biocompatibility of Fuji IX, Fuji IX with varnish, Fuji IX with 1% CHX diacetate and Fuji IX with 1% CHX diacetate with varnish was determined with in vitro cytotoxicity assay by using L929 mouse connective tissue fibroblasts. After 72 h, cell viabilities were evaluated by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay to determine the effects of the cements on the mitochondrial function and microscopic images were taken by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance followed by the Bonferroni post-hoc test at a significance level of P < 0.05. 72 h after treatment, there were statistically significant differences between Fuji IX and Fuji IX-CHX (p < 0.001). In addition, the reduction of the cytotoxicity by coating the GICs with varnish was indicative and increased the cell viability ratio (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Fuji IX coated with varnish was found to be the most biocompatible one among others. Thus adding CHX significantly reduced the cell viability, it is assumed that, due to the leakage of CHX and the other components of the GICs to the cell culture medium, the cell viabilities were decreased, so it is highly recommended to use varnish not only to reduce the water loss from the GICs, but also to reduce the cytotoxicity of the GICs.

Formulation, Characterization and In vitro Cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil Loaded Polymeric Electrospun Nanofibers for the Treatment of Skin Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Patel ◽  
Bindu K.N. Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Fractional Factorial

Background: The purpose of this study was to formulate, characterize and conduct in vitro cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil loaded polymeric electrospun nanofibers for the treatment of skin cancer. The patents on electrospun nanofibers (US9393216B2), (US14146252), (WO2015003155A1) etc. helped in the selection of polymers and method for the preparation of nanofibers. Methods: In the present study, the fabrication of nanofibers was done using a blend of chitosan with polyvinyl alcohol and processed using the electrospinning technique. 5-fluorouracil with known chemotherapeutic potential in the treatment of skin cancer was used as a drug carrier. 24-1 fractional factorial screening design was employed to study the effect of independent variables like the concentration of the polymeric solution, applied voltage (kV), distance (cm), flow rate (ml / hr) on dependent variables like % entrapment efficiency and fiber diameter. Results: Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize fiber diameter and morphology. Results showed that the fiber diameter of all batches was found in the range of 100-200 nm. The optimized batch results showed the fiber diameter of 162.7 nm with uniform fibers. The tensile strength obtained was 190±37 Mpa. Further in vitro and ex vivo drug release profile suggested a controlled release mechanism for an extended period of 24 hr. The 5-fluorouracil loaded electrospun nanofibers were found to decrease cell viability up to ≥50% over 24 hr, with the number of cells dropping by ~ 10% over 48 hr. As the cell viability was affected by the release of 5-fluorouracil, we believe that electrospun nanofibers are a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) skin cancer. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the possibility of delivering 5-Fluorouracil loaded electrospun nanofiber to skin with enhanced encapsulation efficiency indicating the effectiveness of the formulation for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma type of skin cancer.

scholarly journals Effect of heat treatment on cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cements: Cell viability analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Afonso Klein-Júnior ◽  
Roberto Zimmer ◽  
Guilherme Scotta Hentschke ◽  
Denise Cantarelli Machado ◽  
Rubem Beraldo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Viability Analysis ◽  
3T3 Fibroblasts ◽  
Mixing Control ◽  
Nih 3T3

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the study was to assess, in vitro, the influence on cytotoxicity of heat treatment applied before photopolymerization, while mixing three self-adhesive resin cements, in an NIH/3T3 fibroblast cell culture, based on cell viability measures. Methods: Samples were divided into three groups: (1) no heat treatment while mixing (control), (2) 37°C, and (3) 60°C heat treatment while mixing. Cements were light-cured immediately after mixing and immersed in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Media for the extraction of possibly uncured products after 24 h and 7 days. Cultures contained 0.5 mL of NIH/3T3 fibroblasts per well at a concentration of 0.4 × 105 cells/mL and specific extracts for each sample. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and post hoc Student–Newman–Keuls (significance of 5%). Results: Cement cytotoxicity increased with time, as shown by the higher values observed at 7 days. There was a slight difference in intragroup cytotoxicity levels between 24 h and 7 days. Heat treatment at 60°C was associated with a major decrease in cytotoxicity levels in all three groups, both at 24 h and at 7 days, with no differences among the cements. Conclusions: Heat treatment at 60°C should be considered as a strategy to reduce cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cements, as evidenced by the results observed at 24 h and 7 days of analysis.

scholarly journals PHNQ from Evechinus chloroticus Sea Urchin Supplemented with Calcium Promotes Mineralization in Saos-2 Human Bone Cell Line

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Yakun Hou ◽  
Alan Carne ◽  
Michelle McConnell ◽  
Sonya Mros ◽  
Elena A. Vasileva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Xylenol Orange ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Echinochrome A

Polyhydroxylated naphthoquinones (PHNQs), known as spinochromes that can be extracted from sea urchins, are bioactive compounds reported to have medicinal properties and antioxidant activity. The MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell viability assay showed that pure echinochrome A exhibited a cytotoxic effect on Saos-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner within the test concentration range (15.625–65.5 µg/mL). The PHNQ extract from New Zealand sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus did not induce any cytotoxicity within the same concentration range after 21 days of incubation. Adding calcium chloride (CaCl2) with echinochrome A increased the number of viable cells, but when CaCl2 was added with the PHNQs, cell viability decreased. The effect of PHNQs extracted on mineralized nodule formation in Saos-2 cells was investigated using xylenol orange and von Kossa staining methods. Echinochrome A decreased the mineralized nodule formation significantly (p < 0.05), while nodule formation was not affected in the PHNQ treatment group. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in mineralization was observed in the presence of PHNQs (62.5 µg/mL) supplemented with 1.5 mM CaCl2. In conclusion, the results indicate that PHNQs have the potential to improve the formation of bone mineral phase in vitro, and future research in an animal model is warranted.

scholarly journals Multiresponsive Hybrid Microparticles for Stimuli-Responsive Delivery of Bioactive Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei S. Vlasov ◽  
Pavel S. Postnikov ◽  
Mikhail V. Belousov ◽  
Sergei V. Krivoshchekov ◽  
Mekhman S. Yusubov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Ultrasonic Fields ◽  
Burst Intensity ◽  
Free Doxorubicin

Hybrid microparticles based on an iron core and an amphiphilic polymeric shell have been prepared to respond simultaneously to magnetic and ultrasonic fields and variation in the surrounding pH to trigger and modulate the delivery of doxorubicin. The microparticles have been developed in four steps: (i) synthesis of the iron core; (ii) surface modification of the core; (iii) conjugation with the amphiphilic poly(lactic acid)-grafted chitosan; and (iv) doxorubicin loading. The particles demonstrate spherical shape, a size in the range of 1–3 µm and surface charge that is tuneable by changing the pH of the environment. The microparticles demonstrate good stability in simulated physiological solutions and are able to hold up to 400 µg of doxorubicin per mg of dried particles. The response to ultrasound and the changes in the shell structure during exposure to different pH levels allows the control of the burst intensity and release rate of the payload. Additionally, the magnetic response of the iron core is preserved despite the polymer coat. In vitro cytotoxicity tests performed on fibroblast NIH/3T3 demonstrate a reduction in the cell viability after administration of doxorubicin-loaded microparticles compared to the administration of free doxorubicin. The application of ultrasound causes a burst in the release of the doxorubicin from the carrier, causing a decrease in cell viability. The microparticles demonstrate in vitro cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility at concentrations of up to 50 and 60 µg/mL, respectively.

Antibacterial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of alginate-AgNP fibers

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1377-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihui Zhao ◽  
Qun Li ◽  
Xiaowen Li ◽  
Yanzhi Xia ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Alginate Fibers ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Biopolymer nanocomposites containing metal nanoparticles have attracted much attention due to their excellent properties and broad applications. In this work, alginate fibers embedded with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared. The as-obtained alginate-AgNP fibers exhibited antibacterial activity against both Gram microorganisms of model microbes Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). A growth kinetic study with S. aureus and E. coli displayed the inhibition of bacterial growth at the logarithmic phase. The cytotoxic effect of the fibers in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry. The as-prepared alginate-AgNP fibers, particularly with high amount and long treatment time, showed high cell-killing efficiency. These findings emphasize that such alginate-AgNP fibers with multifaceted biological activities are a promising material for applications in the textile or biomedical fields.

Ranolazine and TDM1 treatment: Cardioprotective effects in vitro and in vivo.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23102-e23102
Author(s):  
Nicola Maurea ◽  
Carmela Coppola ◽  
Giovanna Piscopo ◽  
Gennaro Riccio ◽  
Domenica Rea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Antibody Drug Conjugate ◽  
Fetal Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Covalently Linked

e23102 Background: Ado trastuzumab emtansine (TDM1) is a novel antibody–drug conjugate consisting of trastuzumab (TRAS) covalently linked to the highly potent microtubule inhibitory agent DM1 via a stable thioether linker. TDM1 is used in metastatic ErbB2 positive breast cancer patients. Although, the potential cardiotoxic effects of TDM1 have not yet been fully elucidated, they can include changes in Ca2+ regulation related to blockade of ErbB2, PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways. Here, we aim to elucidate whether Ranolazine (R), administered after TDM1 treatment, blunts or not cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. Methods: In vitro, human fetal cardiomyocytes (HFC) were treated with TDM1 for 3 days and then treated in the absence or presence of R for 3 days. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting and MTT assay. To evaluate cardiac function in vivo, C57/BL6 mice, 2-4 months old, were daily treated with TDM1 (44.4 mg/kg/day). At day 0 and after 7 days, fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) were measured, by M/B mode echocardiography, and radial and longitudinal strain (RS and LS) were evaluated using 2D speckle-stracking. These measurements were repeated after 5 days of R treatment (305 mg/Kg/day), started at the end of TDM1 treatment. Results: R reduces TDM1 toxicity in HFC, as evidenced by the higher percentage of viable cells treated with TDM1+ R with respect to the cells treated with TDM1 alone (p < 0.01). In in vivo studies: after 7 days with TDM1 administration, FS decreased to 53.6±0.9%, versus 61.0±0.8 % (sham), (p < 0.01), and EF decreased to 85.5±3.5 % versus 91.0±0.8% (sham), (p < 0.01). Moreover, RS decreased to 20.92±3.2 % versus 42.2±10.1% (sham) (p < 0.01), and LS decreased to -15.5±2.8 % versus -23.6±6.7% (sham), (p < 0.01).In mice treated with TDM1 and, successively treated with R for 5 days, the indices of cardiac function partially recovered: FS 58±2.4 % (p < 0.05), EF 88.8±1.7 %, (p < 0.05), RS (35.7±8.2 %, p > 0.05), whereas the alteration of LS persists even after treatment with R (-17.3±3.7 %, p > 0.05) Conclusions: Here we show that in vivo R post-treatment reduces cardiotoxic effects due to TDM1, as demonstrated by the recovery of FS, EF and RS values. As expected, R increases cell viability of HFC treated with TDM1.

bFGF enhances human bone cell proliferation in bone allografts in vitro

Bone ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
C. Fölsch ◽  
A. Brink ◽  
A. Battmann ◽  
A. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Cell ◽  
Bone Allografts ◽  
Bone Cell Proliferation
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