scholarly journals Resistant Gram-Negative Urinary Tract Bacterial Infections

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashaat S. Hamza ◽  
Abdalla Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Gram Negative

Bacterial Pattern of Community acquired Urinary Tract Infections: A Challenge for Antimicrobial Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Nader A. Nemr ◽  
Rania M. Kishk ◽  
Mohammed Abdou ◽  
Hassnaa Nassar ◽  
Noha M Abu bakr Elsaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered one of the most common bacterial infections seen in health care. To our knowledge, there is no available antimicrobial resistance surveillance system for monitoring of community-acquired UTIs (CA- UTIs) in our country. Objectives: we aimed to discuss the bacterial pattern and resistance profile of CA-UTIs in Ismailia, Egypt. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 patients suffering from symptoms of acute UTIs. Urine specimens were collected by clean-catch mid-stream method, examined microscopically and inoculated immediately on blood agar and MacConkey's agar plates. Colony counting, isolation and identification of the urinary pathogens were performed by the conventional biochemical tests according to the isolated organism. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Interpretation was performed according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: out of 400 specimens, 136 of them revealed no bacterial growth or insignificant bacteriuria. Most of participants with UTI were females (81.8%) (p=0.008) and 54.5% of them were married (P=0.1). Gram negative bacteria were more common than Gram positive representing 66 % and 34% respectively. E. coli was the most common isolated organism (39%) followed by S. aureus (32%), K. Pneumoniae and Pseudomonas (10.5% for each), Proteus (6%) and Enterococci (2%). E. coli isolates showed the highest susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Most of our patients were diabetics (64.8%) (p=0.004). The mean ± SD of HbA1c was 6.4±2.0 with 4 to 12.6 range, S.E was 0.1 and 95% C.I was 6.2- 6.7. The highest mean ± SD of HbA1c was in S. aureus infections. Conclusion: Gram negative bacteria were most common than Gram positive with predominance of E. coli with significant relation to the presence of diabetes.

scholarly journals Bacterial infections in patients with liver cirrhosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Preveden
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis

Introduction. Liver cirrhosis is characterized by a reduced defensive reaction to bacterial infections and patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of developing infections, sepsis and death. The most common bacterial infections in these patients are spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infection and bacteremia. The most common causes are Gram negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, localization and etiology of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis. Material and Methods. This retrospective study included 401 patients with liver cirrhosis hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center of Vojvodina Novi Sad in the period from 2006 to 2010. Bacterial infection was diagnosed according to clinical examination, laboratory findings, radiological examination and bacterial positive culture. Results. The prevalence of bacterial infection was 38.15% (153/401). The most common infections were pneumonia (21.56%), urinary tract infection (20.91%), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (18.95%). Localization of infection remained undetermined in as many as 37 patients (24.18%). Bacterial cultures were positive in 32 patients (20.91%), Gram negative bacteria were commonly isolated, mostly Escherichia coli (71.87%). The mortality rate among patients with bacterial infections was 31.37% (48/153). Conclusion. Bacterial infections are often found in patients with liver cirrhosis, the most frequent being pneumonia, urinary tract infection and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gram negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli were predominant in the etiology. The extent to which bacterial infections are taken into consideration in cases with liver cirrhosis is rather high; however, they are not proved etiologically to the satisfactory level.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Uropathogens Isolated from Female Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Duhok Province, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A Naqid ◽  
Nawfal R Hussein ◽  
Amer Balatay ◽  
Kurdistan A Saeed ◽  
Hiba A Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide. The study of bacterial uropathogens in a local area and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents is required to determine empirical therapy. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the profile and antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria, causing urinary infections isolated from female patients in Duhok province, Iraq. Methods: A total of 530 urine samples were collected from females clinically suspected of UTIs over three years between January 2017 and February 2020. The samples were inoculated directly on MacConkey and Blood agar media and then incubated aerobically for 24 h at 37°C. Samples that gave up colony counts of ≥ 105 CFU/mL were considered as positive growth. Purified colonies were identified through standard bacteriological tests, and their susceptibility to different antibiotics was determined using the Vitek-2 system. Results: Out of 530 urine samples, 450 (84.9%) contained Gram-negative bacteria, while the other 80 (15.1%) harbored Gram-positive bacteria. Escherichia coli was the most common uropathogenic isolate (58.5%), followed by K. pneumoniae (14.3%), Staphylococcus spp. (8.9%), P. mirabilis (6.6%), E. faecalis (3.2%), and S. agalactiae (3.02%). The majority of Gram-negative uropathogens were resistant to ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, and cefepime and around 95% were sensitive to ertapenem and imipenem. Most Gram-positive isolates showed high resistance to benzylpenicillin, oxacillin, gentamicin, and erythromycin, and high susceptibility to linezolid, tigecycline, and nitrofurantoin. Conclusions: It was concluded from this study that E. coli is the predominant pathogen causing UTIs in female patients in Duhok province, Iraq. There were increasing antibiotic resistance rates, particularly to ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, benzylpenicillin, and erythromycin. Therefore, empirical antibiotic therapy should be based on local sensitivity patterns rather than international guidelines.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Efektifitas Antibiotik Ceftriaxone dan Ciprofloxacine pada Penderita Infeksi Saluran Kemih di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Sasangka H. Wardhana ◽  
Alwin Monoarfa ◽  
Richard Monoarfa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection affecting about 40% of women in their lives. Most infections are mild, albeit, they might cause sepsis. This study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of ceftriaxone to ciprofloxacin in patients with UTIs at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was an observational study with a cross sectional design implemented from September 2017 until January 2018. Subjects were divided into two groups, Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial infections. Data were analyzed by using the chi-Square test. The results showed that in the Gram negative group, the significance value did not support the difference between efficacy of ciprofloxacin and of ceftriaxone (r = 0.366; P >0.05). However, in the Gram positive group, there was a significant difference (r = 0.003; P <0.05) between the efficacy of the two kinds of antibiotics. Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin was more effective compared to ceftriaxone for the treatment of Gram positive urinary tract infectionKeywords: urinary tract infection (UTI), ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacineAbstrak: Infeksi saluran kencing (ISK) merupakan infeksi tersering yang mengenai sekitar 40% dari populasi perempuan dalam hidupnya. Walaupun umumnya infeksi berlangsung ringan, ISK dapat juga menyebabkan sepsis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas ceftriaxone dan ciprofloxacin pada pasien dengan ISK di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sejak September 2017 sampai Januari 2018. Subyek penelitian dibagi dalam dua kelompok, ISK oleh bakteri Gram positif dan oleh Gram negatif. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi-square test. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pada kelompok Gram negatif, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara efektivitas ciprofloxacin dan ceftriaxone (r=0,366; P>0,05) namun pada kelompok Gram positif, terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara efektivitas kedua jenis antibiotik (r=0,003; P<0,05). Simpulan: Ciprofloxacin lebih efektif dibandingkan ceftriaxone pada pengobatan ISK yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Gram positif.Kata kunci: infeksi saluran kencing (ISK), ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacine

Cefiderocol- A New Antimicrobial for Complicated Urinary Tract Infection (CUTI) Caused by Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suparna Chatterjee ◽  
Dwaipayan Sarathi Chakraborty ◽  
Shouvik Choudhury ◽  
Sandeep Lahiry
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Complicated Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

: The incidence of Carbapenem resistant gram negative (CRGNB) bacterial infections has increased globally. The wide diversity of strains, multiplicity of infections and rapid development and spread of resistance are a matter of great concern both in community and hospital settings. Cefiderocol is a novel injectable siderophore containing cephalosporin with potent microbicidal activity against most Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). It has recently been approved by USFDA for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI) caused by susceptible gram-negative microorganisms. This review focuses on the salientpharmacological profile of the drug and the clinical studies that were undertaken.

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