scholarly journals Effect of Internal and External Concentration Polarizations on the Performance of Forward Osmosis Process

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrit Bhinder ◽  
Simin Shabani ◽  
Mohtada Sadrzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
External Concentration

Characterization of internal and external concentration polarizations during forward osmosis processes

Desalination ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiben Gao ◽  
Yi-Ning Wang ◽  
Weiyi Li ◽  
Chuyang Y. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
External Concentration

scholarly journals Optimization of Operating Conditions in Forward Osmosis for Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Jun Qin ◽  
Maung Htun Oo ◽  
Guihe Tao ◽  
E. R. Cornelissen ◽  
C. J. Ruiken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Concentration Polarization ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
External Concentration ◽  
Selective Layer ◽  
Draw Solution ◽  
Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor

Objective of this study was to conduct a baseline study of osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBR) - optimization of operating conditions in forward osmosis (FO). Experiments were conducted with an FO pilot system. Tap water was used as the feed and NaCl and MgSO4 solutions were used as draw solution. Effects of various operating conditions on flux have been investigated. In addition, pure water permeability of the FO membrane was tested. It was observed that the plant operation could be stablized within 1 h. When the membrane selective layer faced to the feed, a flux of 6.3 lm-2h-1 (LMH) was achieved at 24 atm osmotic pressure and 25 °C and effects of feed velocity and air velocity on flux were not siganificant under the testing conditions due to low external concentration polarization (ECP). However, when the selective layer faced to the draw solution, the flux was enhanced by 64% due to much reduced internal concentration polarization (ICP), the flux sharply increased with an increase in velocity of the draw solution in the laminar flow pattern range due to a countable effect of dilutive external concentration polarization (DECP) and leveled off after the flow pattern became turbulent. NaCl performed much higher efficiency than MgSO4 as an osmotic agent due to a greater solute diffusion coefficient of NaCl.

scholarly journals Water Permeability of a Characean Internodal Cell with Special Reference to Its Polarity

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tazawa ◽  
N Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
External Concentration ◽  
Internodal Cell ◽  
Final Level ◽  
Transcellular Osmosis

Water permeability (hydraulic conductivity) of the Nitella internode was studied by means of transcellular osmosis with special reference to its polarity. It was shown that the change in turgor or in cell volume involved in transcellular osmosis is ahnost over within 5 sec after the onset of both forward and backward osmoses. What is different with respect to turgor between the two osmoses is its final level. In forward osmosis the turgor drops down to a definite level depending on the external concentration, while in backward osmosis the turgor invariably comes back to the normal level.

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