Potential Application of Photo-thermal Volumetric Ignition of Carbon Nanotubes in Internal Combustion Engines

The application of carbon nanotubes for reducing the friction losses of internal combustion engine

Combustion Engines ◽

10.19206/ce-116866 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 162 (3) ◽

pp. 64-77

Author(s):

Jarosław KAŁUŻNY ◽

Antoni ISKRA ◽

Michael GIERSIG ◽

Krzysztof KEMPA

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Industrial Application ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Main Part ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Original Study ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

The Core ◽

Intensive Investigation

Carbon nanotubes are a relatively new allotropic variety of carbon and due to a number of very favorable properties – including chemical and mechanical – are now under intensive investigation. Introduction to the main part of the article requires an overview of carbon nanotubes studies conducted by different authors, the results of which can provide important guidelines for possible use of the material in the construction of piston engines. The core of the article is the description of attempts to use carbon nanotubes made by the authors in order to improve the functional properties of various components of internal combustion engines, in particular to reduce losses caused by friction. Therefore, the results from the original study have been presented which indicate that the use of carbon nanotubes as an additive for engine lubricant can contribute to a significant reduction in friction losses. Article concludes with a discussion of the tasks that need to be completed in order to allow for an industrial application of carbon nanotubes.

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Tribotest of engine piston ring/cylinder liner pairs with different nanoparticles added into engine oil

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology ◽

10.1108/ilt-07-2018-0284 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 217-231

Author(s):

Selman Demirtas ◽

Hakan Kaleli ◽

Mahdi Khadem ◽

Dae-eun Kim

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Piston Ring ◽

Cylinder Liner ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Economic Life ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Content Type ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Purpose Wear on internal combustion engines is a loss of material that occurs with the rubbing of the materials in contact with each other and significantly reduces the economic life of the engine. Even the smallest precaution that can be taken to prevent friction and wear in the engines can provide economical savings in very large quantities. Internal combustion engines are widely utilized in modem automobiles. Around 10 per cent of the total fuel energy is dissipated to heat due to mechanical friction, among which 20 per cent is caused by the contact between the cylinder liner and the piston rings. Design/methodology/approach In this study, real piston ring-cylinder specimens were tested with reciprocating tribometer by using five different nanoparticles added to engine oil to investigate their wear and friction behavior. Findings With regard to the experiments, it has been found that the best results were determined by TiO2 and single-walled carbon nanotubes according to boron nitride, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoparticles added to the engine oil, respectively. At the end of the tests, different wear mechanisms have been determined after the surface analyses on the piston ring and cylinder liner surface, and abrasive wear has been observed as the main wear mechanism. Originality/value This paper has an originality with regard to adding different nanoparticles into the commercial engine oil.

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Friction reducing performance of carbon nanotubes covered pistons in internal combustion engines – engine test results

Combustion Engines ◽

10.19206/ce-2018-102 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 172 (1) ◽

pp. 14-24

Author(s):

Jarosław KAŁUŻNY ◽

Jerzy MERKISZ ◽

Krzysztof KEMPA ◽

Bartosz GAPIŃSKI ◽

Emil WRÓBLEWSKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Multilayer Coatings ◽

Scale Production ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Test Results ◽

Electro Deposition ◽

X Ray ◽

Industrial Scale Production

This article discusses the posibility of reducing friction losses in internal combustion engines by using carbon nanotubes, pointing out the large potential of this application. Experimental pistons were made of standard aluminum alloy and coated with a layer of nanotube deposits by spraying them with an aqueous solution containing the binder. The proposed technology of applying layers of nanotubes can be adopted in industrial-scale production. Engine tests were carried out showing a significant reduction of the engine motoring torque, up to 16% for the experimental pistons, thus confirming the favorable tribological properties of nanotubes observed in tribological research and reported by many authors. Supplementary tests were carried out: SEM, EDS, coordinate measuring technique, and x-ray tomography. An alternative technology for hierarchical nanotube multilayer coatings electro-deposition was proposed.

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