scholarly journals Polarization State Manipulation of Electromagnetic Waves with Metamaterials and Its Applications in Nanophotonics

10.5772/66036 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqi Chen ◽  
Wenwei Liu ◽  
Zhancheng Li ◽  
Hua Cheng ◽  
Jianguo Tian
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State

scholarly journals Design and experimental analysis of dual-band polarization converting metasurface for microwave applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilawal Khan ◽  
Babar Kamal ◽  
Sadiq Ullah ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Jawad Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Plane Waves ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Polarized Waves

Abstract The manipulation of polarization state of electromagnetic waves is of great importance in many practical applications. In this paper, the reflection characteristics of a thin and dual-band metasurface are examined in the microwave frequency regime. The metasurface consists of a 22 × 22 element array of periodic unit cells. The geometry of the unit cell consists of three layers, including a 45° inclined dipole shape metal patch on top, which is backed by a 1.6 mm thick FR-4 substrate in the middle, and a fully reflective metallic mirror at the bottom. The proposed surface is exposed to horizontally (x) or vertically (y) polarized plane waves and the co and cross polarization reflection coefficients of the reflected waves are investigated experimentally in the 6–26 GHz frequency range. The metasurface is designed to convert incident waves of known polarization state (horizontal or vertical) to orthogonal polarization state (vertical and horizontal) in two distinct frequency bands, i.e. 7.1–8 GHz and 13.3–25.8 GHz. In these two frequency bands the simulated and experimental results are in good agreement. The polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of the surface is greater than 95% in the targeted frequency bands. A detailed parametric analysis of the metasurface is also discussed in this work and it has been estimated that the surface has the additional ability to convert linearly polarized waves to circularly polarized waves at several distinct frequencies. The proposed metasurface can be utilized in sensor applications, stealth technology, electromagnetic measurements, and antennas design.

scholarly journals A Thermal Tuning Meta-Duplex-Lens (MDL): Design and Characterization

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Xu ◽  
Yaoyao Liang ◽  
Yuan Hao ◽  
Min Mao ◽  
Jianping Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Metallic State ◽  
Phase Gradient ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Change Material

Multifunctional metasurfaces play an important role in the development of integrated optical paths. However, some of the realizations of current multifunctional metasurface devices depend on polarization selectivity, and others change the polarization state of the outgoing light. Here, based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) phase change material, a strategy to design a meta-duplex-lens (MDL) is proposed and numerical simulation calculations demonstrate that at low temperature (about 300 K), VO2 behaves as a dielectric so that the MDL can act as a transmission lens (transmission efficiency of 87.6%). Conversely, when VO2 enters the metallic state (about 355 K), the MDL has the ability to reflect and polymerize electromagnetic waves and works as a reflection lens (reflection efficiency of 85.1%). The dielectric waveguide and gap-surface plasmon (GSP) theories are used in transmission and reflection directions, respectively. In order to satisfy the coverage of the phase gradient in the range of 2π in both cases, we set the antenna as a nanopillar with a high aspect ratio. It is notable that, via symmetrical antennas acting in concert with VO2 phase change material, the polarization states of both the incident light and the outgoing light are not changed. This reversible tuning will play a significant role in the fields of imaging, optical storage devices, communication, sensors, etc.

Double passage of electromagnetic waves through magnetized plasma: approximation of independent normal waves

Open Physics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Kravtsov ◽  
Bohdan Bieg
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Fast Wave ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Normal Waves

AbstractPolarization properties of electromagnetic waves, double-passed through magnetized plasma, are studied. Analyses are performed in the case of non-interacting normal modes, propagating in homogeneous and weakly inhomogeneous plasmas, and for three kinds of reflectors: metallic plane, 2D corner retro-reflector (2D-CR), and cubic corner retro-reflector (CCR). It is shown that an electromagnetic wave, reflected from a metallic plane and from a CCR, contains only “velocity-preserving” channels, whose phases are doubled in comparison with those of a single-passage propagation. At the same time, an electromagnetic wave reflected from a 2D-CR is shown to contain both “velocity-preserving” and “velocity-converting” channels, the latter converting the fast wave into the slow one and vice-versa. One characteristic feature of “velocity-converting” channels is that they reproduce the initial polarization state near the source, which might be of practical interest for plasma interferometry. In the case of circularly polarized modes, “velocity-preserving” channels completely disappear, and only “velocity-converting” channels are to be found.

scholarly journals Dynamically Temperature-Voltage Controlled Multifunctional Device Based on VO2 and Graphene Hybrid Metamaterials: Perfect Absorber and Highly Efficient Polarization Converter

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Mao ◽  
Yaoyao Liang ◽  
Ruisheng Liang ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Ning Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Infrared Range ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
Perfect Absorber ◽  
Broadband Absorber ◽  
Novel Device ◽  
Multifunctional Device

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a temperature phase change material that has metallic properties at high temperatures and insulation properties at room temperature. In this article, a novel device has been designed based on the dielectric metasurface consisting of VO2 and graphene array, which can achieve multiple functions by adjusting temperature and voltage. When the temperature is high (340 K), the device is in the absorption state and its absorptivity can be dynamically controlled by changing the temperature. On the other hand, the device is in the polarization state under room temperature, and the polarization of electromagnetic waves can be dynamically controlled by adjusting the voltage of graphene. This device can achieve a broadband absorber (the maximum absorptance reaches 99.415% at wavelengths ranging from 44 THz to 52 THz) and high polarization conversion efficiency (>99.89%) in the mid-infrared range, which has great advantages over other single-function devices. Our results demonstrate that this multifunctional device may have widespread applications in emitters, sensors, spatial light modulators, IR camouflages, and can be used in thermophotovoltaics and wireless communication.

scholarly journals Graded metascreens to enable a new degree of nanoscale light management

2015 ◽  
Vol 373 (2049) ◽  
pp. 20140351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Mohammadi Estakhri ◽  
Christos Argyropoulos ◽  
Andrea Alù
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Absorption Enhancement ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Optical Waves ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Local Wave ◽  
Light Management

Optical metasurfaces, typically referred to as two-dimensional metamaterials, are arrays of engineered subwavelength inclusions suitably designed to tailor the light properties, including amplitude, phase and polarization state, over deeply subwavelength scales. By exploiting anomalous localized interactions of surface elements with optical waves, metasurfaces can go beyond the functionalities offered by conventional diffractive optical gratings. The innate simplicity of implementation and the distinct underlying physics of their wave–matter interaction distinguish metasurfaces from three-dimensional metamaterials and provide a valuable means of moulding optical waves in the desired manner. Here, we introduce a general approach based on the electromagnetic equivalence principle to develop and synthesize graded, non-periodic metasurfaces to generate arbitrarily prescribed distributions of electromagnetic waves. Graded metasurfaces are realized with a single layer of spatially modulated, electrically polarizable nanoparticles, tailoring the scattering response of the surface with nanoscale resolutions. We discuss promising applications based on the proposed local wave management technique, including the design of ultrathin optical carpet cloaks, alignment-free polarization beam splitters and a novel approach to enable broadband light absorption enhancement in thin-film solar cells. This concept opens up a practical route towards efficient planarized optical structures with potential impact on the integrated nanophotonic technology.

Orthogonal Channel Coding for Simultaneous Co- and Cross-Polarization Measurements

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Chandrasekar ◽  
Nitin Bharadwaj
Keyword(s):  
Channel Coding ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Dual Polarization ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Weather Radars ◽  
Current Implementation ◽  
Polarization States ◽  
Linear Depolarization Ratio ◽  
Orthogonal Phase

Abstract Dual-polarization weather radars typically measure the radar reflectivity at more than one polarization state for transmission and reception. Historically, dual-polarization radars have been operated at copolar and cross-polar states defined with respect to the transmit polarization states. Recently, based on the improved understanding of the propagation properties of electromagnetic waves in precipitation media, the simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) mode has become common to simplify the hardware. In the STAR mode of operation, horizontal and vertical polarization states are transmitted simultaneously and samples of both horizontal and vertical copolar returns are obtained. A drawback of the current implementation of STAR mode is its inability to measure parameters obtained from cross-polar signals such as linear depolarization ratio (LDR). In this paper, a technique to obtain cross-polar signals with STAR mode waveform is presented. In this technique, the horizontally and vertically polarized transmit waveforms are coded with orthogonal phase sequences. The performance of the phase-coded waveform is determined by the properties of the phase codes. This orthogonal phase coding technique is implemented in the Colorado State University–University of Chicago–Illinois State Water Survey (CSU–CHILL) radar. This paper outlines the methodology and presents the performance of the cross-polar and copolar parameter estimation based on the simulation as well as data collected from the CSU–CHILL radar.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Multifunctional Metasurface Hybridized with Vanadium Dioxide at Terahertz Frequencies

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Weijun Hong ◽  
Li Deng ◽  
Shufang Li ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Dioxide ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Numerical Result ◽  
Single Function ◽  
Terahertz Frequencies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Continuous Demand

Driven by the continuous demand for system integration and device miniaturization, integrating multiple diversified functions into a single metasurface hybridized with the tunable metaparticle is highly demanding at terahertz (THz) range. However, up to now, because of the limitation of the tunable metaparticle at terahertz range, most of the metasurfaces feature a single function only or process similar functionalities at a single frequency. A reconfigurable multifunctional metasurface which can realize the switch of transmission and reflection and manipulate the linearized polarization state of electromagnetic waves simultaneously over a controllable terahertz frequency range based on the vanadium dioxide was designed for the first time in the paper. The numerical result demonstrates the validity of the appropriately designed metasurface. Simulation results show that the reconfigurable and multifunctional performance of this metasurface can be acquired over 1.59 THz to 1.74 THz without re-optimizing or re-fabricating structures, which effectively extends the operating frequencies. The proposed metasurface holds potential for electromagnetic wave manipulation and this study can motivate the realization of the wideband multifunctional metasurface and the software-driven reconfigurable metasurface at terahertz frequencies.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Metasurfaces and Reconfigurable Metasurfaces: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidrish Zahra ◽  
Liang Ma ◽  
Wenjiao Wang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Dexu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Electromagnetic Characteristics

Metamaterial is a kind of material/structure that is artificially designed and has exceptional electromagnetic properties and/or other physical properties, not found in nature. A class of electromagnetic metamaterial with only one or a few layers of periodic or aperiodic arranged cell structures in the direction of electromagnetic waves propagation can be referred to as a metasurface. Metasurface can be considered as a two-dimensional representation of metamaterial and can realize the controlling of the amplitude, phase, and polarization state/direction of the incident electromagnetic wave. According to the novel electromagnetic characteristics of metasurface and its big advantages, a series of new planar devices and systems based on metasurface can be developed. The goal of this review article is firstly to provide introductions for basic metasurface, its significance properties, and application principles. Meanwhile, the main research progresses of regular metasurfaces and the newly developed reconfigurable metasurfaces are analyzed, focusing on the types of amplitude modulation, phase modulation, polarization modulation, and multidimensional modulation. Finally, the research significances of metasurface development trend and important engineering practical applications are analyzed in the end.

scholarly journals Taming the Electromagnetic Boundaries via Metasurfaces: From Theory and Fabrication to Functional Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangang Luo ◽  
Mingbo Pu ◽  
Xiaoliang Ma ◽  
Xiong Li
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
State Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Response Phase ◽  
High Degree

As two-dimensional metamaterials, metasurfaces have received rapidly increasing attention from researchers all over the world. Unlike three-dimensional metamaterials, metasurfaces can be utilized to control the electromagnetic waves within one infinitely thin layer, permitting substantial advantages, such as easy fabrication, low cost, and high degree of integration. This paper reviews the history and recent development of metasurfaces, with particular emphasis on the theory and applications relating to the frequency response, phase shift, and polarization state control. Based on the current status of various applications, the challenges and future trends of metasurfaces are discussed.

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