scholarly journals Simulation of Reservoir Siltation with a Process-based Soil Loss and Deposition Model

10.5772/61576 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Schindewolf ◽  
Constanze Bornkampf ◽  
Michael von Werner ◽  
Jürgen Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Deposition Model ◽  
Reservoir Siltation

scholarly journals To What Extent Can a Sediment Yield Model Be Trusted? A Case Study from the Passaúna Catchment, Brazil

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1045
Author(s):  
Klajdi Sotiri ◽  
Stephan Hilgert ◽  
Matheus Duraes ◽  
Robson André Armindo ◽  
Nils Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
World Population ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Reservoir Siltation ◽  
Sentinel 2

Soil degradation and reservoir siltation are two of the major actual environmental, scientific, and engineering challenges. With the actual trend of world population increase, further pressure is expected on both water and soil systems around the world. Soil degradation and reservoir siltation are, however, strongly interlinked with the erosion processes that take place in the hydrological catchments, as both are consequences of these processes. Due to the spatial scale and duration of erosion events, the installation and operation of monitoring systems are rather cost- and time-consuming. Modeling is a feasible alternative for assessing the soil loss adequately. In this study, the possibility of adopting reservoir sediment stock as a validation measure for a monthly time-step sediment input model was investigated. For the assessment of sediment stock in the reservoir, the commercial free-fall penetrometer GraviProbe (GP) was used, while the calculation of sediment yield was calculated by combining a revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE)-based model with a sediment delivery ratio model based on the connectivity approach. For the RUSLE factors, a combination of remote sensing, literature review, and conventional sampling was used. For calculation of the C Factor, satellite imagery from the Sentinel-2 platform was used. The C Factor was derived from an empirical approach by combining the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the degree of soil sealing, and land-use/land-cover data. The key research objective of this study was to examine to what extent a reservoir can be used to validate a long-term erosion model, and to find out the limiting factors in this regard. Another focus was to assess the potential improvements in erosion modeling from the use of Sentinel-2 data. The use of such data showed good potential to improve the overall spatial and temporal performance of the model and also dictated further opportunities for using such types of model as reliable decision support systems for sustainable catchment management and reservoir protection measures.

Spatial soil loss risk and reservoir siltation in semi-arid Tunisia

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihem Jebari ◽  
Ronny Berndtsson ◽  
Akissa Bahri ◽  
Mohamed Boufaroua
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Reservoir Siltation ◽  
Semi Arid

KAJIAN EROSI LAHAN DI KAWASAN AIR STRIP RUNWAY 2600 BANDARA DEPATI AMIR (PGK) BERDASARKAN TATA GUNA LAHAN MASTERPLAN ULTIMATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Miskar Maini ◽  
Junita Eka Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Standar permintaan engineering pesawat agar desain bangunan infrastruktur di area Air Strip Runway 2600 yang ada dapat mempunyai fungsi lain. Sedangkan kondisi lain sangat menentukan keselamatan karena lahan di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) jika tidak ditutupi vegetasi seperti rumput, kondisi lain lahan yang belum ditutupi vegetasi di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 berpotensi akan mengalami erosi lahan, kemudian hasil erosi lahan ini akan terbawa oleh aliran air sehingga akan masuk ke saluran drainase yang akan menyebabkan sedimentasi pada saluran drainase tersebut, akhirnya akan berkurang efektifitas kinerja saluran drainase tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk memprediksi laju rata-rata erosi di area Air Strip Runway 2600 dengan memperhitungkan faktor erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas tanah, kemiringan lereng atau panjang lereng, pengelolaan tanaman dan konservasi tanah, yang masing masing tata guna lahan tersebut mengacu pada Masterplan Ultimate Bandara Depati Amir (PGK). Perhitungan dilakukan menggunakan persamaan USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) yang dikembangkan oleh Wischmeier dan Smith (1965, 1978), kemudian Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) dan Sediment Yield.Hasil penelitian ini, prediksi laju erosi permukaan pada area Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) tahun pertama yang mencapai 5,60 mm/tahun atau 100,76 Ton/Ha/tahun, laju erosi tahun kedua mencapai 3,38 mm/tahun atau 60,84 Ton/Ha/tahun dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelas bahaya erosi sedang (kelas III) dan nilai SDR adalah sebesar 56,3%, nilai sediment yield (SR) pada tahun pertama sebesar 5.887,59 Ton/Tahun, pada tahun kedua ketika rumput pada area Air Strip telah tumbuh dengan sempurna terjadi penurunan hasil sediment yield yaitu nilai SR sebesar 3.554,85 Ton/Tahun.

ASSESSMENT OF SOIL EROSION IN VINH LINH, QUANG TRI USING RMMF MODEL (REVISED MORGAN - MORGAN - FINNEY)

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Quang Việt ◽  
Trương Đình Trọng ◽  
Hồ Thị Nga
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Particle Detachment ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Northern District ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss

Vinh Linh, the northern district of Quang Tri province is characterized by a diversified topography with a large variety of elevations, high rainfall, and decreasing land cover due to forest exploiting for cultivation land. Thus, there is a high risk of erosion, soil fertility washout. With the support of GIS technology, the authors used the rMMF model to measure soil erosion. The input data of model including 15 coefficients related to topography, soil properties, climate and land cover. The simulations of rMMF include estimates of rainfall energy, runoff, soil particle detachment by raindrop, soil particle detachment by runoff, sediment transport capacity of runoff and soil loss. The result showed that amount of soil loss in year is estimated to vary between 0 kg/m2 minimum and 149 kg/m2 maximum and is divided into 4-classes of erosion. Light class almost covers the region researched (75.9% of total area), while moderate class occupies 8.1% of total area, strong classes only hold small area (16% of total area). Therefore, protection of the forest floor in sloping areas is one of the most effective methods to reduce soil erosion.

DEVELOPMENT OF A LAND DEGRADATION ASSESSMENT MODEL BASED ON FIELD INDICATORS ASSESSMENT AND PREDICTION METHODS IN WAI SARI, SUB-WATERSHED KAIRATU DISTRICT, WESTERN SERAM REGENCY, MALUKU PROVINCE, INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 071-084
Author(s):  
Silwanus M. Talakua ◽  
Rafael M. Osok
Keyword(s):  
Land Degradation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Field Indicators ◽  
Degradation Measurement ◽  
Very High

The study was conducted in Wai Sari sub-watershed, Western Seram Regency Maluku to develop an accurate land degradation assessment model for tropical small islands. The Stocking’s field land degradation measurement and RUSLE methods were applied to estimate soil loss by erosion and the results of both methods were statistically tested in order to obtain a correction factor. Field indicators and prediction data were measured on 95 slope units derived from the topographic map. The rates of soil loss were calculated according to both methods, and the results were used to classify the degree of land degradation. The results show that the degree of land degradation based on the field assessment ranges from none-slight (4.04 - 17.565 t/ha/yr) to very high (235.44 - 404.00 t/ha/yr), while the RUSLE method ranges from none-slight (0.04-4.59 t/ha/yr) to very high 203.90 - 518.13 t/ha/yr.  However, the RUSLE method shows much higher in average soil loss (133.4 t/ha/yr) than the field assessment (33.9 t/ha/yr). The best regression equation of  logD/RP = - 0.594 + 1.0 logK + 1.0 logLS + 1.0 logC or D = 0.2547xRxKxLSx CxP was found to be a more suitable land degradation assessment  model for a small-scale catchment area in the tropical small islands.

Balancing tillage, soil loss, and profitability

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mark Hanna ◽  
Matt Helmers
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss

Runoff and Soil Loss of a Typical Subtropical Forest Stricken by Wenchuan Earthquake

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 766-773
Author(s):  
Jinniu WANG ◽  
Geng SUN ◽  
Fusun SHI ◽  
Jiceng XU ◽  
Yan WU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss
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