scholarly journals To What Extent Can a Sediment Yield Model Be Trusted? A Case Study from the Passaúna Catchment, Brazil

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1045
Author(s):  
Klajdi Sotiri ◽  
Stephan Hilgert ◽  
Matheus Duraes ◽  
Robson André Armindo ◽  
Nils Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
World Population ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Reservoir Siltation ◽  
Sentinel 2

Soil degradation and reservoir siltation are two of the major actual environmental, scientific, and engineering challenges. With the actual trend of world population increase, further pressure is expected on both water and soil systems around the world. Soil degradation and reservoir siltation are, however, strongly interlinked with the erosion processes that take place in the hydrological catchments, as both are consequences of these processes. Due to the spatial scale and duration of erosion events, the installation and operation of monitoring systems are rather cost- and time-consuming. Modeling is a feasible alternative for assessing the soil loss adequately. In this study, the possibility of adopting reservoir sediment stock as a validation measure for a monthly time-step sediment input model was investigated. For the assessment of sediment stock in the reservoir, the commercial free-fall penetrometer GraviProbe (GP) was used, while the calculation of sediment yield was calculated by combining a revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE)-based model with a sediment delivery ratio model based on the connectivity approach. For the RUSLE factors, a combination of remote sensing, literature review, and conventional sampling was used. For calculation of the C Factor, satellite imagery from the Sentinel-2 platform was used. The C Factor was derived from an empirical approach by combining the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the degree of soil sealing, and land-use/land-cover data. The key research objective of this study was to examine to what extent a reservoir can be used to validate a long-term erosion model, and to find out the limiting factors in this regard. Another focus was to assess the potential improvements in erosion modeling from the use of Sentinel-2 data. The use of such data showed good potential to improve the overall spatial and temporal performance of the model and also dictated further opportunities for using such types of model as reliable decision support systems for sustainable catchment management and reservoir protection measures.

KAJIAN EROSI LAHAN DI KAWASAN AIR STRIP RUNWAY 2600 BANDARA DEPATI AMIR (PGK) BERDASARKAN TATA GUNA LAHAN MASTERPLAN ULTIMATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Miskar Maini ◽  
Junita Eka Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Standar permintaan engineering pesawat agar desain bangunan infrastruktur di area Air Strip Runway 2600 yang ada dapat mempunyai fungsi lain. Sedangkan kondisi lain sangat menentukan keselamatan karena lahan di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) jika tidak ditutupi vegetasi seperti rumput, kondisi lain lahan yang belum ditutupi vegetasi di sekitar Air Strip Runway 2600 berpotensi akan mengalami erosi lahan, kemudian hasil erosi lahan ini akan terbawa oleh aliran air sehingga akan masuk ke saluran drainase yang akan menyebabkan sedimentasi pada saluran drainase tersebut, akhirnya akan berkurang efektifitas kinerja saluran drainase tersebut. Metode yang digunakan untuk memprediksi laju rata-rata erosi di area Air Strip Runway 2600 dengan memperhitungkan faktor erosivitas hujan, erodibilitas tanah, kemiringan lereng atau panjang lereng, pengelolaan tanaman dan konservasi tanah, yang masing masing tata guna lahan tersebut mengacu pada Masterplan Ultimate Bandara Depati Amir (PGK). Perhitungan dilakukan menggunakan persamaan USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) yang dikembangkan oleh Wischmeier dan Smith (1965, 1978), kemudian Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) dan Sediment Yield.Hasil penelitian ini, prediksi laju erosi permukaan pada area Air Strip Runway 2600 Bandara Depati Amir (PGK) tahun pertama yang mencapai 5,60 mm/tahun atau 100,76 Ton/Ha/tahun, laju erosi tahun kedua mencapai 3,38 mm/tahun atau 60,84 Ton/Ha/tahun dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam kelas bahaya erosi sedang (kelas III) dan nilai SDR adalah sebesar 56,3%, nilai sediment yield (SR) pada tahun pertama sebesar 5.887,59 Ton/Tahun, pada tahun kedua ketika rumput pada area Air Strip telah tumbuh dengan sempurna terjadi penurunan hasil sediment yield yaitu nilai SR sebesar 3.554,85 Ton/Tahun.

scholarly journals Estimation of Potential Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield: A Case Study of the Transboundary Chenab River Catchment

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3647
Author(s):  
Muhammad Gufran Ali ◽  
Sikandar Ali ◽  
Rao Husnain Arshad ◽  
Aftab Nazeer ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin Waqas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Chenab River

Near real-time estimation of soil loss from river catchments is crucial for minimizing environmental degradation of complex river basins. The Chenab river is one of the most complex river basins of the world and is facing severe soil loss due to extreme hydrometeorological conditions, unpredictable hydrologic response, and complex orography. Resultantly, huge soil erosion and sediment yield (SY) not only cause irreversible environmental degradation in the Chenab river catchment but also deteriorate the downstream water resources. In this study, potential soil erosion (PSE) is estimated from the transboundary Chenab river catchment using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), coupled with remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS). Land Use of the European Space Agency (ESA), Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) data, and world soil map of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization were incorporated into the study. The SY was estimated on monthly, quarterly, seasonal, and annual time-scales using sediment delivery ratio (SDR) estimated through the area, slope, and curve number (CN)-based approaches. The 30-year average PSE from the Chenab river catchment was estimated as 177.8, 61.5, 310.3, 39.5, 26.9, 47.1, and 99.1 tons/ha for annual, rabi, kharif, fall, winter, spring, and summer time scales, respectively. The 30-year average annual SY from the Chenab river catchment was estimated as 4.086, 6.163, and 7.502 million tons based on area, slope, and CN approaches. The time series trends analysis of SY indicated an increase of 0.0895, 0.1387, and 0.1698 million tons per year for area, slope, and CN-based approaches, respectively. It is recommended that the areas, except for slight erosion intensity, should be focused on framing strategies for control and mitigation of soil erosion in the Chenab river catchment.

scholarly journals Estimation of soil erosion and sediment yield concentration across the Kolleru Lake catchment using GIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Kumari Kolli ◽  
Christian Opp ◽  
Michael Groll
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Lake Catchment

AbstractFlat lakes with a large catchment area are especially affected by sediment inputs. The Kolleru Lake catchment (south-eastern India) with a surface area of approximately 6121 km2 belongs to such types of lake basins. The study’s main objective was the assessment of both soil erosion and sediment yield concentration rate of the Kolleru catchment. The study was conducted using the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model due to its simple and good applicability for soil erosion estimation. Data such as rainfall, soil texture, topography, crop cover management, and support practice factor were integrated into the modeling using RUSLE and ArcGIS. Field data were used both to analyze the soil texture and the slope length factor. The results showed that average annual soil loss was estimated with 13.6 t/ha/year, classifying the Kolleru Lake Basin under a very high erosion rate category. About 38% of the catchment area has encountered slight soil loss. Areas covered with moderate, strong, severe, very severe erosion potential zones are 29%, 17%, 9%, and 5.5%, respectively. This study identified that upland areas with less vegetation cover exported high potential erosion rates. Unlike the soil loss, the sediment delivery ratio values for the catchment were not affected by land use, while it showed a strong relationship with the catchment drainage system. Whereas, the average annual sediment yield was determined with 7.61 t/ha/year, had identified with the same pattern of the soil erosion. Catchment topography, vegetation, drainage system, soil properties, and land use cover played a major role in exporting the highest sedimentation. The outcome of these studies can be used among others to identify critical erosion areas on a pixel basis for the planning of erosion management practices.

scholarly journals Different approaches to estimate the sediment yield in a tropical watershed

RBRH ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Barbosa Colman ◽  
Karina Mendes Pinheiro Garcia ◽  
Rodrigo Bahia Pereira ◽  
Enio Arriero Shinma ◽  
Fernanda Ely Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Ungauged Basins ◽  
Sediment Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Sdr Model ◽  
Tropical Watershed ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

ABSTRACT Several Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) models have been used to estimate Sediment Yield (SY), mainly in data-scarce and ungauged basins, such as in many regions of Brazil. However, it is difficult to choose the most suitable SDR model, mainly because of the lack of investigations of this approach using observed data. Here, we investigated the performance of five widely used SDR models (SDREST) to estimate sediment yield values (SYEST ) based on observed data in a tropical watershed. We used observed sediment yield values (SY OBS) during September 2011 to July 2017 in three sub-basins of the Guariroba Basin, Midwestern Brazil. To estimate the average annual soil loss, we used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation. The SDROBS and SYOBS ranged from 5.56 to 10.54% and 940.76 to 5,400.32 t yr-1, respectively. The Williams and Berndt (1972) method presented the best performance, with a percent bias ranging from -2.34 to 3.30% in SRD estimation. Therefore, this model provided suitable SDR and SY estimates, and may be useful to estimate SY in other tropical data-scarce and ungauged basins.

scholarly journals Soil erosion and sediment yield assessment using RUSLE and GIS-based approach in Anjeb watershed, Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewoye Tsegaye ◽  
Rishikesh Bharti
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Very High ◽  
Soil Loss Rate

AbstractSoil erosion is a serious and continuous environmental problem in Ethiopia. Lack of land use planning, environmental protection, over-cultivation, and overgrazing are prominent causes of erosion and sedimentation. This study is conducted in Anjeb watershed located in the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. In this study, the quantity and distribution of soil erosion, sediment delivery ratio (SDR), and sediment yield of the watershed were assessed by employing remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS), and revised universal soil loss equation analysis capabilities. Important data sets of topography, soil, conservations practices, cover management, and rainfall factors were processed and superimposed in GIS analysis, and soil loss rate, SDR, and sediment yield of the watershed were derived. Based on the result found, the watershed was categorized into six classes of erosion: slight (0–5), moderate (5–10), high (10–15), very high (15–30), severe (30–50), and very severe (> 50) t ha−1 yr−1. The estimated average annual soil loss was 17.3 t ha−1 yr−1. The soil loss rate is higher in the steeper and topographically dissected part of the watershed. The average sediment delivery capacity was about 0.122. The result showed that the average sediment yield in the watershed was grouped into classes of low (< 2.5), moderate (2.5–7.5), high (7.5–12.5), very high (12.5–22.5), severe (22.5–40), and very severe (> 40) t ha−1 yr−1. It is found that from a total of 20,125.5 t yr−1 eroded soil over the whole watershed 2254.5 t yr−1 of sediment has been brought and deposited to the channels. Sediment accumulation from the watershed threatens the storage capacity and life span of Anjeb reservoir which is the source of irrigation water downstream. The study provides an insight to planners and resource managers to design and implement practices of watershed management to reduce erosion and enhance land productivity and to minimize the reservoir sediment accumulation.

scholarly journals Assessing the applicability of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to Irish Catchments

2015 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rymszewicz ◽  
E. Mockler ◽  
J. O'Sullivan ◽  
M. Bruen ◽  
J. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract. Elevated suspended sediment concentrations in fluvial environments have important implications for system ecology and even small concentrations may have serious consequences for sensitive ecosystems or organisms, such as freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera). Informed decision making is therefore required for land managers to understand and control soil erosion and sediment delivery to the river network. However, given that monitoring of sediment fluxes requires financial and human resources which are often limited at a national scale, sediment mobilisation and delivery models are commonly used for sediment yield estimation and management. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is the most widely used model for overland flow erosion and can, when combined with a sediment delivery ratio (SDR), provide reasonable sediment load estimations for a catchment. This paper presents RUSLE factors established from extant GIS and rainfall datasets that are incorporated into a flexible catchment modelling approach. We believe that this is the first time that results from a RUSLE application at a national scale are tested against measured sediment yield values available from Ireland. An initial assessment of RUSLE applied to Irish conditions indicates an overestimation of modelled sediment yield values for most of the selected catchments. Improved methods for model and SDR factors estimation are needed to account for Irish conditions and catchment characteristics. Nonetheless, validation and testing of the model in this study using observed values is an important step towards more effective sediment yield modelling tools for nationwide applications.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Soil Erosion in the Lam Phra Phloeng Watershed

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3527
Author(s):  
Uba Sirikaew ◽  
Uma Seeboonruang ◽  
Pinit Tanachaichoksirikun ◽  
Jatuwat Wattanasetpong ◽  
Virun Chulkaivalsucharit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Reservoir Capacity ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Risk Area

Soil erosion plays a vital role in reducing reservoir capacity. The Lam Phra Phloeng (LPP) dams were built for flood protection and irrigation. However, they have experienced reservoir sedimentation, and the capacity of the reservoir has decreased. The surrounding soil surface was easily eroded and transported by heavy rainfall and surface runoff to streams and eventually into the reservoir. Understanding this soil erosion and sedimentation is necessary for preventing further decline of reservoir capacity and water management. This research aims to estimate long-term average annual soil erosion and predict sediment yield in the reservoir due to climate change. The methodology is determined soil loss parameters and sediment yield using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) with the Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR). The USLE and SDR methods differed from field data, with an average absolute error of 4.0%. The Global Climatic Model, Institute Pierre Simon Laplace-Climate Model version 5A (IPSL-CM5A-MR), with Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5, was downscaled and analyzed to forecast future rainfall in the watershed. The high intensity of rainfall contributed to higher soil erosion, in RCP 8.5. Interestingly, the high and very high-risk areas increased, but the moderate risk area declined, indicating that the moderate risk area should be a priority in land management. However, the heavy rainfall and high slope gradient led to a slight increase in the soil erosion in some areas because the land covers were evergreen and deciduous forest. The prediction of sediment yield was positively correlated with the intensity of rainfall in the central part of the watershed, because the rainfall and runoff led the sediment to the river and streams, indicating that the land cover should be managed to prevent capacity decline.

scholarly journals Towards the Assessment of Soil-Erosion-Related C-Factor on European Scale Using Google Earth Engine and Sentinel-2 Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5019
Author(s):  
Dimitrios D. Alexakis ◽  
Stelios Manoudakis ◽  
Athos Agapiou ◽  
Christos Polykretis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Google Earth Engine ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Sentinel 2

Soil erosion is a constant environmental threat for the entirety of Europe. Numerous studies have been published during the last years concerning assessing soil erosion utilising Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Such studies commonly employ empirical erosion models to estimate soil loss on various spatial scales. In this context, empirical models have been highlighted as major approaches to estimate soil loss on various spatial scales. Most of these models analyse environmental factors representing soil-erosion-influencing conditions such as the climate, topography, soil regime, and surface vegetation coverage. In this study, the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery data have been combined to assess the vegetation-coverage-related factor known as cover management factor (C-factor) at a high spatial resolution (10 m) considering a total of 38 European countries. Based on the employment of the RS derivative of the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for January and December 2019, a C-factor map was generated due to mean annual estimation. National values were then calculated in terms of different types of agricultural land cover classes. Furthermore, the European C-factor (CEUROPE) values concerning the island of Crete (Greece) were compared with relevant values estimated for the island (CCRETE) based on Sentinel-2 images being individually selected at a monthly time-step of 2019 to generate a series of 12 maps for the C-factor in Crete. Our results yielded identical C-factor values for the different approaches. The outcomes denote GEE’s high analytic and processing abilities to analyse massive quantities of data that can provide efficient digital products for soil-erosion-related studies.

scholarly journals Using WaTEM/SEDEM to Configure Catchment Soil Conservation Measures for the Black Soil Region, Northeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10421
Author(s):  
Haiyan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Soil Conservation Measures

In recent years, to combat soil erosion, large-scale soil conservation measures have been implemented in the world. Evaluation of the integrated catchment management is urgently required. In the present study, soil erosion and sediment yield under 24 scenarios were predicted, based on the water and tillage erosion model and sediment delivery deposition model (WaTEM/SEDEM). The current catchment management was not ideal, with a catchment soil loss rate (SLR) of 599.88 t km−2 yr−1 and a sediment yield of 240.00 t km−2 yr−1. The catchment management with contour tillage on <3° slopes, hedgerow planting on 3–5° slopes, terracing on 5–8° slopes, and forestation on >8° slopes with trenches along the forest and dams in gullies was the best catchment management to control soil loss, with catchment SLR that was less than the tolerable value of 200 t km−2 yr−1. However, the SLR on the <3° slopes was still higher than the tolerable value. It is not enough to control soil loss by only implementing contour tillage measure on <3° slopes, and other measures should be further implemented on these slopes. In gullies, more measures should be implemented to prevent sediment flowing out of the catchments, in Northeastern China.

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