scholarly journals Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells for Spinal Cord Regeneration

10.5772/55054 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Salewski ◽  
Hamideh Emrani ◽  
Michael G.
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Spinal Cord Regeneration ◽  
Neural Stem Progenitor Cells

scholarly journals Analysis of the early response to spinal cord injury identified a key role for mTORC1 signaling in the activation of neural stem progenitor cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johany Peñailillo ◽  
Miriam Palacios ◽  
Constanza Mounieres ◽  
Rosana Muñoz ◽  
Paula G. Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Spinal Cord Regeneration ◽  
Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Mtorc1 Signaling ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Progenitor Cells

AbstractXenopus laevis are able to regenerate the spinal cord during larvae stages through the activation of neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs). Here we use high-resolution expression profiling to characterize the early transcriptome changes induced after spinal cord injury, aiming to identify the signals that trigger NSPC proliferation. The analysis delineates a pathway that starts with a rapid and transitory activation of immediate early genes, followed by migration processes and immune response genes, the pervasive increase of NSPC-specific ribosome biogenesis factors, and genes involved in stem cell proliferation. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis showed that mTORC1 is rapidly and transiently activated after SCI, and its pharmacological inhibition impairs spinal cord regeneration and proliferation of NSPC through the downregulation of genes involved in the G1/S transition of cell cycle, with a strong effect on PCNA. We propose that the mTOR signaling pathway is a key player in the activation of NPSCs during the early steps of spinal cord regeneration.

Transplantation of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells at Different Locations in Mice with Spinal Cord Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1451-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Iwai ◽  
Satoshi Nori ◽  
Soraya Nishimura ◽  
Akimasa Yasuda ◽  
Morito Takano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neurotropic Factor ◽  
Transplantation Site

Transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PCs) promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI); however, few studies have examined the optimal site of NS/PC transplantation in the spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal transplantation site of NS/PCs for the treatment of SCI. Wild-type mice were generated with contusive SCI at the T10 level, and NS/PCs were derived from fetal transgenic mice. These NS/PCs ubiquitously expressed ffLuc-cp156 protein (Venus and luciferase fusion protein) and so could be detected by in vivo bioluminescence imaging 9 days postinjury. NS/PCs (low: 250,000 cells per mouse; high: 1 million cells per mouse) were grafted into the spinal cord at the lesion epicenter (E) or at rostral and caudal (RC) sites. Phosphate-buffered saline was injected into E as a control. Motor functional recovery was better in each of the transplantation groups (E-Low, E-High, RC-Low, and RC-High) than in the control group. The photon counts of the grafted NS/PCs were similar in each of the four transplantation groups, suggesting that the survival of NS/PCs was fairly uniform when more than a certain threshold number of cells were transplanted. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses demonstrated that brain-derived neurotropic factor expression was higher in the RC segment than in the E segment, and this may underlie why NS/PCs more readily differentiated into neurons than into astrocytes in the RC group. The location of the transplantation site did not affect the area of spared fibers, angiogenesis, or the expression of any other mediators. These findings indicated that the microenvironments of the E and RC sites are able to support NS/PCs transplanted during the subacute phase of SCI similarly. Optimally, a certain threshold number of NS/PCs should be grafted into the E segment to avoid damaging sites adjacent to the lesion during the injection procedure.

OBTAINING OF CELLULAR PREPARATIONS OF RAT AND HUMAN OLFACTORY MUCOSA AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE SIZE OF MODELED SPINAL CORD CYSTALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
O.V. Stepanova ◽  
E.K. Karsuntseva ◽  
G.A. Fursa ◽  
A.V. Chadin ◽  
M.P. Valikhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Olfactory Mucosa ◽  
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Ensheathing Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Progenitor Cells ◽  
Human Olfactory Mucosa ◽  
Enriched Cultures

Enriched cultures of olfactory ensheathing cells and neural stem/progenitor cells were obtained according to our developed protocols from the olfactory mucosa of rat and human. It has been shown that only transplantation of human and rat olfactory ensheathing cells leads to a significant decrease in the size of cysts, as well as their complete disappearance in some animals.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Methods for Administering Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells to Treat Spinal Cord Injury in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Takahashi ◽  
Osahiko Tsuji ◽  
Gentaro Kumagai ◽  
Chikako Miyauchi Hara ◽  
Hirotaka James Okano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Progenitor Cells
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