scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration and Genetic Transformation of Soybean: Current Status and Future Prospects

10.5772/54268 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thankaraj Salammal ◽  
Vasudevan Ramesh ◽  
Shu-Ye Jiang ◽  
Andy Ganapathi ◽  
Srinivasan Ramachandr
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Prospects

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. and the Potential for Genetic Transformation

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Mamoon REHMAN ◽  
Iqrar Ahmad RANA ◽  
Siddra IJAZ ◽  
Ghulam MUSTAFA ◽  
Faiz Ahmad JOYIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Callus Induction Medium

Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC. (Sissoo) is a native forest tree species in Pakistan. Many ecological and economical uses are associated with this premier timber species, but dieback disease is of major concern. The objective of this study was to develop a protocol for in vitro regeneration of Sissoo that could serve as target material for genetic transformation, in order to improve this species. Callus formation and plantlet regeneration was achieved by culturing cotyledons, immature seeds, and mature embryos on a modified Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium supplemented with plant growth regulators. Callus induction medium containing 2.71 ?M 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.93 ?M kinetin produced better callus on all explants tested compared to other treatments, such as 8.88 ?M 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 2.69 ?M ?-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), or 2.71 ?M 2, 4-D and 2.69 ?M NAA. Shoot regeneration was best on MS medium containing 1.4 ?M NAA and 8.88 ?M BA compared to other treatments, such as 1.4 ?M NAA and 9.9 ?M kinetin, or 2.86 ?M indole-3-acetic acid and 8.88 ?M BA. Murashige and Skoog medium containing 1.4 NAA ?M and 8.88 ?M BA was better in general for regeneration regardless of callus induction medium and the type of explant used. Rooting was best on half-strength MS medium with 7.35 ?M indole-3-butyric acid. Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized for plantation in the field. Preliminary genetic transformation potential of D. sissoo was evaluated by particle bombardment of callus explants with a pUbiGus vector. The bombarded tissue showed transient Gus activity 1week after bombardment. Transformation of this woody tree is possible provided excellent regeneration protocols. The best combination for regeneration explained in this study is one of such protocols.

scholarly journals Genetic Transformation of Apomictic Grasses: Progress and Constraints

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés M. Bellido ◽  
Eduado D. Souza Canadá ◽  
Hugo R. Permingeat ◽  
Viviana Echenique
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Plant Transformation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Apomictic Species ◽  
Transformation Methods

The available methods for plant transformation and expansion beyond its limits remain especially critical for crop improvement. For grass species, this is even more critical, mainly due to drawbacks in in vitro regeneration. Despite the existence of many protocols in grasses to achieve genetic transformation through Agrobacterium or biolistic gene delivery, their efficiencies are genotype-dependent and still very low due to the recalcitrance of these species to in vitro regeneration. Many plant transformation facilities for cereals and other important crops may be found around the world in universities and enterprises, but this is not the case for apomictic species, many of which are C4 grasses. Moreover, apomixis (asexual reproduction by seeds) represents an additional constraint for breeding. However, the transformation of an apomictic clone is an attractive strategy, as the transgene is immediately fixed in a highly adapted genetic background, capable of large-scale clonal propagation. With the exception of some species like Brachiaria brizantha which is planted in approximately 100 M ha in Brazil, apomixis is almost non-present in economically important crops. However, as it is sometimes present in their wild relatives, the main goal is to transfer this trait to crops to fix heterosis. Until now this has been a difficult task, mainly because many aspects of apomixis are unknown. Over the last few years, many candidate genes have been identified and attempts have been made to characterize them functionally in Arabidopsis and rice. However, functional analysis in true apomictic species lags far behind, mainly due to the complexity of its genomes, of the trait itself, and the lack of efficient genetic transformation protocols. In this study, we review the current status of the in vitro culture and genetic transformation methods focusing on apomictic grasses, and the prospects for the application of new tools assayed in other related species, with two aims: to pave the way for discovering the molecular pathways involved in apomixis and to develop new capacities for breeding purposes because many of these grasses are important forage or biofuel resources.

scholarly journals Agrobacterium-mediated Genetic Transformation for Local Cultivars of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Using Marker Genes

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Sarah Borna ◽  
M. I. Hoque ◽  
R. H. Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Best Responses

Genetic transformation using nodal and internodal segments from three economically important potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties namely, Diamant, Cardinal and Granola was conducted using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring binary plasmid pBI12 containing the GUS and nptII genes. Node and internodal segments were used for direct regeneration as well as regeneration with the intervention of callus. best responses were  obtained for direct regeneration of shoots when the explants were cultured on MS supplemented with 4.0 mg/l BAP +1.0 mg/l IAA, 1.5 mg/l BAP  + 0.5 mg/l IAA and 5.0 mg/l BAP +1.0 mg/l IAA in Diamant, Cardinal  and  Granola, respectively. In Diamant spontaneous in vitro microtuberization was obtained from these proliferated shoots. Further culturing of these in vitro grown green microtubers regenerated a large number of shoots on MS containing 4.0 mg/l BAP +1.0 mg/l IAA. By combining the best treatments, this protocol yielded an average transformation rate of 87% of treared explants. Stable expression of GUS gene was visualized in the various parts of transformed shoots through histochemical assay. Genomic DNA was isolated from transformed shoots and stable integration of the GUS and nptII genes was confirmed by PCR analysis.   Key words:  Potato, in vitro regeneration, transformation   D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i2.6894   Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(2): 145-155, 2010 (December)

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated Genetic Transformation of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakha Hari Sarker ◽  
Khaleda Islam ◽  
M.I. Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Cotyledonary Leaf ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system has been developed for two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties, namely Pusa Ruby (PR) and BARI Tomato-3 (BT-3). Prior to the establishment of transformation protocol cotyledonary leaf explants from the two varieties were cultured to obtain genotype independent in vitro regeneration. Healthy multiple shoot regeneration was obtained from the cut ends of cotyledonary leaf segments for both the varieties on MS containing 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l IAA. The maximum root induction from the regenerated shoots was achieved on half the strength of MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l IAA. The in vitro grown plantlets were successfully transplanted into soil where they flowered and produced fruits identical to those developed by control plants. Transformation ability of cotyledonary leaf explants was tested with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring binary plasmid pBI121, containing GUS and npt II genes. Transformed cotyledonary leaf explants were found to produce multiple shoots on MS containing 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l IAA. Selection of the transformed shoots was carried out by gradually increasing the concentration of kanamycin to 200 mg/l since kanamycin resistant gene was used for transformation experiments. Shoots that survived under selection pressure were subjected to rooting. Transformed rooted plantlets were transferred to soil. Stable expression of GUS gene was detected in the various tissues from putatively transformed plantlets using GUS histochemical assay.  Key words: In vitro regeneration, transformation, tomato D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.5004 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 101-111, 2009 (June)

scholarly journals In vitro cardiac tissue models: Current status and future prospects

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Mathur ◽  
Zhen Ma ◽  
Peter Loskill ◽  
Shaheen Jeeawoody ◽  
Kevin E. Healy
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Tissue Models
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