scholarly journals Viral Evolutionary Ecology: Conceptual Basis of a New Scientific Approach for Understanding Viral Emergence

10.5772/34006 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Usme-Ciro ◽  
R. Hoyos-Lpez ◽  
J.C. Gallego-Gmez
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Viral Emergence

scholarly journals Epistasis between mutations is host-dependent for an RNA virus

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20120396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasna Lalić ◽  
Santiago F. Elena
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Viral Emergence ◽  
Overlapping Reading Frames ◽  
Reading Frames

How, and to what extent, does the environment influence the way mutations interact? Do environmental changes affect both the sign and the magnitude of epistasis? Are there any correlations between environments in the variability, sign or magnitude of epistasis? Very few studies have tackled these questions. Here, we addressed them in the context of viral emergence. Most emerging viruses are RNA viruses with small genomes, overlapping reading frames and multifunctional proteins for which epistasis is abundant. Understanding the effect of host species in the sign and magnitude of epistasis will provide insights into the evolutionary ecology of infectious diseases and the predictability of viral emergence.

On Evolutionary Ecology, Selectionist Archaeology, and Behavioral Archaeology

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack M. Broughton ◽  
James F. O'Connell
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Evolutionary Archaeology ◽  
Behavioral Evolution ◽  
American Archaeology ◽  
Behavioral Archaeology ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
Scientific Approach

To promote a dialogue between competing but potentially compatible approaches in American archaeology, Schiffer (1996) examined the relationships between two distinct research programs: "behavioral" archaeology and evolutionary archaeology. An approach grounded in evolutionary ecology was not included in that analysis. In this paper, we reply to Schiffer's call for dialogue by outlining the relationships, as we see them, between evolutionary ecology, selectionist archaeology, and behavioral archaeology. We conclude that evolutionary ecology holds the greatest promise as a scientific approach for the investigation of important problems in human behavioral evolution.

The Scientific Approach to Will Power

1973 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 632-634
Author(s):  
ISAAC M. MARKS
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Will Power

Russia’s Development Strategy: Guidelines and Restrictions

2008 ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Senchagov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Economic Development Strategy ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Rates Of Growth

The core of Russia’s long-term socio-economic development strategy is represented by its conceptual basis. Having considered debating points about the essence and priority of the strategy, the author analyzes the logic and stages of its development as well as possibilities, restrictions and risks of high GDP rates of growth.

IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS DI SMP KOTA TERNATE

EDUKASI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naniek Jusnita ◽  
Anwar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Approach

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mencari tahu proses penerapan pendekatan saintifik dalam pembelajaran dan pengajaran bahasa Inggris dan kesulitan-kesulitan yang di hadapi oleh guru dalam proses pengajaran dikelas. Penelitian ini berfokus pada proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran khususnya pada implementasi pendekatan saintifik (Scientific Approach). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di tiga sekolah menengah yang berbeda di Kota Ternate. Peserta dalam penelitian ini adalah sembilan guru SMP bahasa Inggris dari keterwakilan tiga SMP dan dari kelas 1, 2, dan 3. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan desain kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan lewat analisis dokumen, wawancara dan Observasi. Data dianalisis dengan analisis tema dan di presentasikan berdasarkan pertanyaan penelitian. Data kemudian divalidasi lewat tringulasi dan member cek.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan pendekatan saintifik approach dalam kurikulum 2013 sudah sesuai dengan kaidah dan disusunanya. Dalam format Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), guru-guru bahasa Inggris mendiskripsikan secara jelas langkah-langkah pendekatan saintifik (scientific Approach) dengan menggunakan metode, strategi atau tekhnik pembelajaran secara variatif. Namun dalama proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di kelas, guru masih jarang menerapkan pendekatan tersebut. Dalam sistimatis pendekatan saintifik, guru sering tidak mengikuti tahapan langkah-langkah penerapan pendekatan tersebut karena lebih menyesuaikan kondisi kelas. Guru-guru belum maksimal menerapkan pendekatan tersebut karena ada beberap faktor yang mempengaruhinya.Kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh guru dalam penerapan pendekatan saintifik adalah: 1) kurangnya pelatihan atau workshop yang melibatkan banyak guru di setiap sekolah 2) terbatasnya media pembelajaran di sekolah-sekolah tersebut.

Innovation and investment framework for the development of competitive fisheries and aquaculture

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Nataliia Vdovenko ◽  
Maryna Pavlenko ◽  
Elena Hryniuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Critical Situation ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Innovative Economy ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Production Plans

The purpose of the article it consists in the substantiation of innovation and investment principles of competitive development of fisheries and aquaculture in order to effectively conduct business in modern economic conditions and to comply with technological parameters of production, introduce innovations in production, and economical attitude to fish and water resources. Methodology research consists in using a combination of methods: economic-statistical, monographic, systemic, economic-mathematical, abstract-logical and others. The scientific novelty the re- sults obtained include the introduction of innovative, economically viable and competitive production technologies based on a scientific approach to organizing an aquaculture business, namely the ability to quickly and efficiently respond to external challenges, find a way out of a critical situation and correctly adjust production plans in accordance with changes in market conditions. Conclusions. Substantially modern principles of the effective functioning of fisheries in order to ensure competitive activity. Regulatory tools are proposed to ensure the profitability of the aquaculture business, which include attracting in- vestments for the acquisition of capital goods, training specialists and constantly improving their skills, and ensuring efficient fisheries production in an innovative economy.

REPETISI DALAM AL-QUR’AN PERSPEKTIF AL-KARMANI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Munirah Munirah
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Scientific Approach

Repetition is a phenomenon of inside Qur’an. Many verses are repeated, the repetition is not aimless but it has many secrets. This article studied the book entitle Asra>r al-Takra>r Fi al-Qur’a>n by al-Karma>ni>. In that book, he mentioned the repetition verses specifically and explained  the reasons and secrets. However, this book is not well known among the Islamic scholars. So, this book should be studied with scientific approach to find a knowledge of takra>r development in this era. The method is content analisys with historical and philosofical approach. With this method,  I  found  some  conclusions.  First,  Asra>r  al-Takra>r  fi>  al-Qur’a>n  is  a  interpretation linguistic book with comparative method. Second, takra>r in al-Karma>ni’s view is a part of mutasya>bihat verses, the repetition of verses equally, sometimes with addition or shorting. Thirt, the secrets of takra>rin al-Karma>ni’s view are to show i’jaz al-Qur’an, to corraberate the meaning before or explain it spesially, and also to glorify.

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