scholarly journals Chlamydial Infection in Urologic Diseases

Chlamydia ◽  
10.5772/31926 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Suk Lee ◽  
Kyu-Sung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Urologic Diseases

scholarly journals The Koala Immune Response to Chlamydial Infection and Vaccine Development—Advancing Our Immunological Understanding

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Bonnie L Quigley ◽  
Peter Timms
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Research Systems ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Nucleic Acid Assay ◽  
Immunological Research

Chlamydia is a significant pathogen for many species, including the much-loved Australian marsupial, the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). To combat this situation, focused research has gone into the development and refinement of a chlamydial vaccine for koalas. The foundation of this process has involved characterising the immune response of koalas to both natural chlamydial infection as well as vaccination. From parallels in human and mouse research, it is well-established that an effective anti-chlamydial response will involve a balance of cell-mediated Th1 responses involving interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), humoral Th2 responses involving systemic IgG and mucosal IgA, and inflammatory Th17 responses involving interleukin 17 (IL-17) and neutrophils. Characterisation of koalas with chlamydial disease has shown increased expression within all three of these major immunological pathways and monitoring of koalas’ post-vaccination has detected further enhancements to these key pathways. These findings offer optimism that a chlamydial vaccine for wider distribution to koalas is not far off. Recent advances in marsupial genetic knowledge and general nucleic acid assay technology have moved koala immunological research a step closer to other mammalian research systems. However, koala-specific reagents to directly assay cytokine levels and cell-surface markers are still needed to progress our understanding of koala immunology.

scholarly journals Does online sexually transmitted infection screening compromise care? A service evaluation comparing the management of chlamydial infection diagnosed online and in clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-532
Author(s):  
Nur Gasmelsid ◽  
Benjamin CB Moran ◽  
Tom Nadarzynski ◽  
Rajul Patel ◽  
Elizabeth Foley
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The United Kingdom

Patient demand on sexual health services in the United Kingdom is so high that many services have introduced online screening to accommodate more patients. There are concerns that these services may not be accessible to all. This service evaluation was undertaken to determine whether online screening is accessible by those patients most at need by comparing the demographics and number of asymptomatic chlamydial infections detected online and in clinic. No difference was found in the age nor level of deprivation, demonstrating that online services are an accessible way to screen for sexually transmitted infections without overburdening established services.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Humoral Immune Response to Chlamydia Outer Membrane Protein 2 in Chlamydial Infection

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Portig ◽  
J. C. Goodall ◽  
R. L. Bailey ◽  
J. S. H. Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Protein ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Immunodominant Antigen

ABSTRACT Detection of antibodies to an outer membrane protein 2 (OMP2) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by using either the Chlamydia trachomatis- or the Chlamydia pneumoniae-specific protein was investigated. OMP2 is an immunodominant antigen giving rise to antibody responses in humans infected with different C. trachomatis serovars (A to C and D to K) or with C. pneumoniae, which could be detected by OMP2 ELISA. OMP2 ELISA is not species specific, but antibody titers were usually higher on the homologous protein. The sensitivity of this assay was high but varied according to the “gold standard” applied. Levels of antibody to C. pneumoniae OMP2 as detected by ELISA seem to return to background or near-background values within a shorter period of time compared to antibodies to C. pneumoniae detected by microimmunofluorescence (MIF), making it more likely that positive results in ELISA reflect recent infection. Thus, OMP2 ELISA has distinct advantages over MIF and commercially available ELISAs and might be a useful tool for the serodiagnosis of chlamydial infection.

Catheter-Based Dilation of the Sinus Ostia: Initial Safety and Feasibility Analysis in a Cadaver Model

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Bolger ◽  
Winston C. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Balloon Catheter ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Human Cadaver ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Urologic Diseases ◽  
Anatomic Dissection ◽  
Catheter Technology

Background Over the past 20 years, many patients have benefited from endoscopic sinus surgery and its ability to relieve sinus obstruction. However, problems still occur with surgery, thereby leaving room for innovation. Recently, catheter-based technology has provided new options for treating cardiac, vascular, and urologic diseases. We speculated that catheter technology also might offer new treatment options for sinusitis patients. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the feasibility and safety of catheter-based technology to relieve sinus ostial obstruction. Methods Anatomic models and human cadaver specimens were used initially to design and iterate catheters to open sinus ostial drainage pathways. Thereafter, the safety of balloon-catheter dilation was evaluated in six human cadaver heads. CT scan obtained before and after catheter ostial dilation was analyzed for evidence of catheter-induced trauma. Dilated ostia also were examined by endoscopy and gross anatomic dissection for unwanted catheter-induced trauma. Results Catheters successfully dilated 31 of 31 ostia, including 9 maxillary, 11 sphenoid, and 11 frontal ostia/recesses. CT scan, endoscopy, and gross anatomic dissection revealed that such dilation did not cause trauma to surrounding structures such as the orbit or skull base. Mucosal trauma imparted by catheter dilation appeared to be less than that normally seen with standard endoscopic instruments. Conclusion This initial study suggests that catheter technology can be used to dilate sinus ostia safely. Mucosal preservation and ease of use make catheters an attractive minimally invasive treatment strategy. Additional testing in patients is indicated to gain additional safety information and to explore the usefulness of catheter-based technology.

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