scholarly journals Possible Evolutionary Response to Global Change – Evolutionary Rescue?

10.5772/27339 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars A. ◽  
Cino Pertoldi
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue

Areas of current and future growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
Kevin S. McCann ◽  
Gabriel Gellner
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Theoretical Ecology ◽  
Strong Growth ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Future Growth ◽  
Theoretical Developments

This chapter will reflect on the chapters in this book and suggest directions and gaps that theory will have to consider as we move forward. Our goal here is to motivate future work in light of the developments discussed in this book. We will emphasize the role of the empirical-theoretical connection that will be a thread across chapters. Clearly, eco-evolutionary theoretical developments are currently being developed, and we imagine and hope that future versions of theoretical ecology will reveal strong growth in this important area. Much work is being developed related to evolutionary response to global change (e.g., evolutionary rescue). Again, consistent with the themes being developed in this book, we would argue that this multi-disciplinarian approach to theory (evolution and ecology, agriculture and ecology, economics and ecology, society and ecology) have become part of the toolbox of modern ecology and modern theoretical ecology and likely will play a massive role in future theoretical development.

scholarly journals Evolutionary response to global change: Climate and land use interact to shape color polymorphism in a woodland salamander

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 5426-5434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley J. Cosentino ◽  
Jean‐David Moore ◽  
Nancy E. Karraker ◽  
Martin Ouellet ◽  
James P. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Color Polymorphism ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Change Climate

scholarly journals Asymmetric competition impacts evolutionary rescue in a changing environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1857) ◽  
pp. 20170374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney L. Van Den Elzen ◽  
Elizabeth J. Kleynhans ◽  
Sarah P. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Resource Availability ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Asymmetric Competition ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Competitive Release ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Species Declines

Interspecific competition can strongly influence the evolutionary response of a species to a changing environment, impacting the chance that the species survives or goes extinct. Previous work has shown that when two species compete for a temporally shifting resource distribution, the species lagging behind the resource peak is the first to go extinct due to competitive exclusion. However, this work assumed symmetrically distributed resources and competition. Asymmetries can generate differences between species in population sizes, genetic variation and trait means. We show that asymmetric resource availability or competition can facilitate coexistence and even occasionally cause the leading species to go extinct first. Surprisingly, we also find cases where traits evolve in the opposite direction to the changing environment because of a ‘vacuum of competitive release’ created when the lagging species declines in number. Thus, the species exhibiting the slowest rate of trait evolution is not always the most likely to go extinct in a changing environment. Our results demonstrate that the extent to which species appear to be tracking environmental change and the extent to which they are preadapted to that change may not necessarily determine which species will be the winners and which will be the losers in a rapidly changing world.

scholarly journals Global change, life‐history complexity and the potential for evolutionary rescue

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin J. Marshall ◽  
Scott C. Burgess ◽  
Tim Connallon
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue

scholarly journals Between migration load and evolutionary rescue: dispersal, adaptation and the response of spatially structured populations to environmental change

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1778) ◽  
pp. 20132795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Bourne ◽  
Greta Bocedi ◽  
Justin M. J. Travis ◽  
Robin J. Pakeman ◽  
Rob W. Brooker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Spatially Structured Populations ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue ◽  
Opposing Effects

The evolutionary potential of populations is mainly determined by population size and available genetic variance. However, the adaptability of spatially structured populations may also be affected by dispersal: positively by spreading beneficial mutations across sub-populations, but negatively by moving locally adapted alleles between demes. We develop an individual-based, two-patch, allelic model to investigate the balance between these opposing effects on a population's evolutionary response to rapid climate change. Individual fitness is controlled by two polygenic traits coding for local adaptation either to the environment or to climate. Under conditions of selection that favour the evolution of a generalist phenotype (i.e. weak divergent selection between patches) dispersal has an overall positive effect on the persistence of the population. However, when selection favours locally adapted specialists, the beneficial effects of dispersal outweigh the associated increase in maladaptation for a narrow range of parameter space only (intermediate selection strength and low linkage among loci), where the spread of beneficial climate alleles is not strongly hampered by selection against non-specialists. Given that local selection across heterogeneous and fragmented landscapes is common, the complex effect of dispersal that we describe will play an important role in determining the evolutionary dynamics of many species under rapidly changing climate.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Rescue Is Mediated by the History of Selection and Dispersal in Diversifying Metacommunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. J. O'Connor ◽  
Vincent Fugère ◽  
Andrew Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Conservation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Adaptive Diversification ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Stressful Environments

Rapid evolution can sometimes prevent population extirpation in stressful environments, but the conditions leading to “evolutionary rescue” in metacommunities are unclear. Here we studied the eco-evolutionary response of microbial metacommunities adapting to selection by the antibiotic streptomycin. Our experiment tested how the history of antibiotic selection and contrasting modes of dispersal influenced diversification and subsequent evolutionary rescue in microbial metacommunities undergoing adaptive radiation. We first tracked the change in diversity and density of Pseudomonas fluorescens morphotypes selected on a gradient of antibiotic stress. We then examined the recovery of these metacommunities following abrupt application of a high concentration of streptomycin lethal to the ancestral organisms. We show that dispersal increases diversity within the stressed metacommunities, that exposure to stress alters diversification dynamics, and that community composition, dispersal, and past exposure to stress mediate the speed at which evolutionary rescue occurs, but not the final outcome of recovery in abundance and diversity. These findings extend recent experiments on evolutionary rescue to the case of metacommunities undergoing adaptive diversification, and should motivate new theory on this question. Our findings are also relevant to evolutionary conservation biology and research on antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Rescue of an Environmental Pseudomonas otitidis in Response to Anthropogenic Perturbation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel II García-Ulloa ◽  
Ana Elena Escalante ◽  
Alejandra Moreno-Letelier ◽  
Luis E. Eguiarte ◽  
Valeria Souza
Keyword(s):  
Demographic History ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Dna Recombination ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Demographic Model ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectory ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue

Anthropogenic perturbations introduce novel selective pressures to natural environments, impacting the genomic variability of organisms and thus altering the evolutionary trajectory of populations. Water overexploitation for agricultural purposes and defective policies in Cuatro Cienegas, Coahuila, Mexico, have strongly impacted its water reservoir, pushing entire hydrological systems to the brink of extinction along with their native populations. Here, we studied the effects of continuous water overexploitation on an environmental aquatic lineage of Pseudomonas otitidis over a 13-year period which encompasses three desiccation events. By comparing the genomes of a population sample from 2003 (original state) and 2015 (perturbed state), we analyzed the demographic history and evolutionary response to perturbation of this lineage. Through coalescent simulations, we obtained a demographic model of contraction-expansion-contraction which points to the occurrence of an evolutionary rescue event. Loss of genomic and nucleotide variation alongside an increment in mean and variance of Tajima’s D, characteristic of sudden population expansions, support this observation. In addition, a significant increase in recombination rate (R/θ) was observed, pointing to horizontal gene transfer playing a role in population recovery. Furthermore, the gain of phosphorylation, DNA recombination, small-molecule metabolism and transport and loss of biosynthetic and regulatory genes suggest a functional shift in response to the environmental perturbation. Despite subsequent sampling events in the studied site, no pseudomonad was found until the lagoon completely dried in 2017. We speculate about the causes of P. otitidis final decline or possible extinction. Overall our results are evidence of adaptive responses at the genomic level of bacterial populations in a heavily exploited aquifer.

scholarly journals Evolutionary rescue can maintain an oscillating community undergoing environmental change

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 20130036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor F. Fussmann ◽  
Andrew Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Internal Forces ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
Response To Environmental Change ◽  
Physiological Acclimation

The persistence of ecological communities is challenged by widespread and rapid environmental change. In many cases, persistence may not be assured via physiological acclimation or migration and so species must adapt rapidly in situ . This process of evolutionary rescue (ER) occurs when genetic adaptation allows a population to recover from decline initiated by environmental change that would otherwise cause extirpation. Community evolutionary rescue (CER) occurs when one or more species undergo a rapid evolutionary response to environmental change, resulting in the recovery of the ancestral community. Here, we study the dynamics of CER within a three-species community coexisting by virtue of resource oscillations brought about by nonlinear interactions between two species competing for a live resource. We allowed gradual environmental change to affect the traits that determine the strength and symmetry of the interaction among species. By allowing the component species to evolve rapidly, we found that: (i) trait evolution can allow CER and ensure the community persists by preventing competitive exclusion during environmental change, (ii) CER brings about a change in the character of the oscillations (period, amplitude) governing coexistence before and after environmental change, and (iii) CER may depend on evolutionary change that occurs simultaneously with or subsequently to environmental change. We were able to show that a change in the character of community oscillations may be a signature that a community is undergoing ER. Our study extends the theory on ER to a world of nonlinear community dynamics where—despite high-frequency changes of population abundances—adaptive evolutionary trait change can be gradual and directional, and therefore contribute to community rescue. ER may happen in real, complex communities that fluctuate owing to a mix of external and internal forces. Experiments testing this theory are now required to validate our predictions.

scholarly journals Limited evolutionary rescue of locally adapted populations facing climate change

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1610) ◽  
pp. 20120083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Schiffers ◽  
Elizabeth C. Bourne ◽  
Sébastien Lavergne ◽  
Wilfried Thuiller ◽  
Justin M. J. Travis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rapid Environmental Change

Dispersal is a key determinant of a population's evolutionary potential. It facilitates the propagation of beneficial alleles throughout the distributional range of spatially outspread populations and increases the speed of adaptation. However, when habitat is heterogeneous and individuals are locally adapted, dispersal may, at the same time, reduce fitness through increasing maladaptation. Here, we use a spatially explicit, allelic simulation model to quantify how these equivocal effects of dispersal affect a population's evolutionary response to changing climate. Individuals carry a diploid set of chromosomes, with alleles coding for adaptation to non-climatic environmental conditions and climatic conditions, respectively. Our model results demonstrate that the interplay between gene flow and habitat heterogeneity may decrease effective dispersal and population size to such an extent that substantially reduces the likelihood of evolutionary rescue. Importantly, even when evolutionary rescue saves a population from extinction, its spatial range following climate change may be strongly narrowed, that is, the rescue is only partial. These findings emphasize that neglecting the impact of non-climatic, local adaptation might lead to a considerable overestimation of a population's evolvability under rapid environmental change.

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