scholarly journals Application of Soft Lithography and Micro-Fabrication on Neurobiology

10.5772/24075 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Kan ◽  
Chen Haifeng ◽  
Liu Bing-Fang ◽  
Xu Qun-Yu
Keyword(s):  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Micro Fabrication

New type electron gun with electrostatic and electromagnetic lenses

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
T. Ichinokawa ◽  
H. Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Bias Voltage ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Charge Effect ◽  
Micro Fabrication ◽  
Maximum Brightness ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Ideal

I. IntroductionThermionic electron gun with the Wehnelt grid is popularly used in the electron microscopy and electron beam micro-fabrication. It is well known that this gun could get the ideal brightness caluculated from the Lengumier and Richardson equations under the optimum condition. However, the design and ajustment to the optimum condition is not so easy. The gun has following properties with respect to the Wehnelt bias; (1) The maximum brightness is got only in the optimum bias. (2) In the larger bias than the optimum, the brightness decreases with increasing the bias voltage on account of the space charge effect. (3) In the smaller bias than the optimum, the brightness decreases with bias voltage on account of spreading of the cross over spot due to the aberrations of the electrostatic immersion lens.In the present experiment, a new type electron gun with the electrostatic and electromagnetic lens is designed, and its properties are examined experimentally.

Hybrid Micro-Optical Sensors via Sol-Gel Soft Lithography

2000 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Clarner ◽  
Michael J. Lochhead
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Silica Gels ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Patterned Structures ◽  
Biological Functionality ◽  
Indicator Dyes

ABSTRACTOrganically modified silica gels and dye-doped silica gels have been patterned into micrometer-scale structures on a substrate using micro molding in capillaries (MIMIC). This approach is from a class of elastomeric stamping and molding techniques collectively known as soft lithography. Soft lithography and sol-gel processing share attractive features in that they are relatively benign processes performed at ambient conditions, which makes both techniques compatible with a wide variety of organic molecules, molecular assemblies, and biomolecules. The combination of sol-gel and soft lithography, therefore, holds enormous promise as a tool for microfabrication of materials with optical, chemical, or biological functionality that are not readily patterned with conventional methods. This paper describes our investigation of micro-patterned organic-inorganic hybrid materials containing indicator dyes for microfluidic sensor applications. Reversible colorimetric pH sensing via entrapped reagents is demonstrated in a prototype microfluidic sensor element. Patterned structures range from one to tens of micrometers in cross-section and are up to centimeters in length. Fundamental chemical processing issues associated with mold filling, cracking and sensor stability are discussed.

scholarly journals Micromechanical Punching: A Versatile Method for Non-Spherical Microparticle Fabrication

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ritika Singh Petersen ◽  
Anja Boisen ◽  
Stephan Sylvest Keller
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers ◽  
Spherical Microparticle ◽  
Spherical Microparticles

Microparticles are ubiquitous in applications ranging from electronics and drug delivery to cosmetics and food. Conventionally, non-spherical microparticles in various materials with specific shapes, sizes, and physicochemical properties have been fabricated using cleanroom-free lithography techniques such as soft lithography and its high-resolution version particle replication in non-wetting template (PRINT). These methods process the particle material in its liquid/semi-liquid state by deformable molds, limiting the materials from which the particles and the molds can be fabricated. In this study, the microparticle material is exploited as a sheet placed on a deformable substrate, punched by a robust mold. Drawing inspiration from the macro-manufacturing technique of punching metallic sheets, Micromechanical Punching (MMP) is a high-throughput technique for fabrication of non-spherical microparticles. MMP allows production of microparticles from prepatterned, porous, and fibrous films, constituting thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers. As an illustration of application of MMP in drug delivery, flat, microdisk-shaped Furosemide embedded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles are fabricated and Furosemide release is observed. Thus, it is shown in the paper that Micromechanical punching has potential to make micro/nanofabrication more accessible to the research and industrial communities active in applications that require engineered particles.

scholarly journals A Stochastic Model to Describe the Scattering in the Response of Polysilicon MEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Luca Dassi ◽  
Marco Merola ◽  
Eleonora Riva ◽  
Angelo Santalucia ◽  
Andrea Venturelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Film ◽  
Micro Fabrication ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Local Fluctuations ◽  
Stochastic Framework ◽  
On Line ◽  
Chip Testing ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Polycrystalline Silicon Film

The current miniaturization trend in the market of inertial microsystems is leading to movable device parts with sizes comparable to the characteristic length-scale of the polycrystalline silicon film morphology. The relevant output of micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) is thus more and more affected by a scattering, induced by features resulting from the micro-fabrication process. We recently proposed an on-chip testing device, specifically designed to enhance the aforementioned scattering in compliance with fabrication constraints. We proved that the experimentally measured scattering cannot be described by allowing only for the morphology-affected mechanical properties of the silicon films, and etch defects must be properly accounted for too. In this work, we discuss a fully stochastic framework allowing for the local fluctuations of the stiffness and of the etch-affected geometry of the silicon film. The provided semi-analytical solution is shown to catch efficiently the measured scattering in the C-V plots collected through the test structure. This approach opens up the possibility to learn on-line specific features of the devices, and to reduce the time required for their calibration.

High-Resolution Soft Lithography: Enabling Materials for Nanotechnologies

2004 ◽  
Vol 116 (43) ◽  
pp. 5920-5923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Rolland ◽  
Erik C. Hagberg ◽  
Ginger M. Denison ◽  
Kenneth R. Carter ◽  
Joseph M. De Simone
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Lithography

scholarly journals Chemotactic Responses of Jurkat Cells in Microfluidic Flow-Free Gradient Chambers

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utku M. Sonmez ◽  
Adam Wood ◽  
Kyle Justus ◽  
Weijian Jiang ◽  
Fatima Syed-Picard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Jurkat Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Microfluidic Flow ◽  
Cell Motion

Gradients of soluble molecules coordinate cellular communication in a diverse range of multicellular systems. Chemokine-driven chemotaxis is a key orchestrator of cell movement during organ development, immune response and cancer progression. Chemotaxis assays capable of examining cell responses to different chemokines in the context of various extracellular matrices will be crucial to characterize directed cell motion in conditions which mimic whole tissue conditions. Here, a microfluidic device which can generate different chemokine patterns in flow-free gradient chambers while controlling surface extracellular matrix (ECM) to study chemotaxis either at the population level or at the single cell level with high resolution imaging is presented. The device is produced by combining additive manufacturing (AM) and soft lithography. Generation of concentration gradients in the device were simulated and experimentally validated. Then, stable gradients were applied to modulate chemotaxis and chemokinetic response of Jurkat cells as a model for T lymphocyte motility. Live imaging of the gradient chambers allowed to track and quantify Jurkat cell migration patterns. Using this system, it has been found that the strength of the chemotactic response of Jurkat cells to CXCL12 gradient was reduced by increasing surface fibronectin in a dose-dependent manner. The chemotaxis of the Jurkat cells was also found to be governed not only by the CXCL12 gradient but also by the average CXCL12 concentration. Distinct migratory behaviors in response to chemokine gradients in different contexts may be physiologically relevant for shaping the host immune response and may serve to optimize the targeting and accumulation of immune cells to the inflammation site. Our approach demonstrates the feasibility of using a flow-free gradient chamber for evaluating cross-regulation of cell motility by multiple factors in different biologic processes.

Thermal and Lithographic Performance of Silsesquioxane with Cycloaliphatic Epoxy-Siloxane Hybrid Spacer for Soft Lithography

2017 ◽  
Vol 303 (2) ◽  
pp. 1700371
Author(s):  
Mohamad Riduwan Ramli ◽  
Rafiza Ramli ◽  
Khairudin Mohamed ◽  
Zulkifli Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Cycloaliphatic Epoxy
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