scholarly journals Three-Dimensional CT Analysis of Congenital Scoliosis and Kyphosis: A New Classification

10.5772/22878 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiro Imagama ◽  
Noriaki Kawakami ◽  
Naoki Ishiguro
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Congenital Scoliosis ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Ct Analysis

A Research on the Morphology and Composition of Flocs (Part 1: Floc Breaage Disregarded)

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1566-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Qiang Ding ◽  
Qing Na Li ◽  
Xin Rong Pang ◽  
Ji Run Xu
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Suspension Viscosity ◽  
Primary Particles ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Three Dimensional Space ◽  
Floc Breakage

The characteristics of flocs aggregated in flocculation have been paid more and more attention for a long time. In this paper, a new classification and analyses method dealing with the flocs is developed. The flocs formed after flocculation is divided into four kinds, including the left primary particles, linear flocs with all component particles in a line, planar flocs with all component particles on a plane and volumetric flocs with all component particles in a three-dimensional space. By analyzing the formation approaches of different kind of flocs regardless of the floc breakage, the number of every kind of floc is analyzed to be related with the suspension concentration mathematically. After comparing the different items in the models describing the relationship of floc number and concentration, a series of simplified expressions are presented. Lastly, a mathematical equation relating the measurable suspension viscosity with the numbers of different flocs is obtained.

scholarly journals Microbial Dextran-Hydrolyzing Enzymes: Fundamentals and Applications

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Khalikova ◽  
Petri Susi ◽  
Timo Korpela
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes ◽  
Complex Polymer ◽  
Sequence Similarities ◽  
Primary Sequence Data

SUMMARY Dextran is a chemically and physically complex polymer, breakdown of which is carried out by a variety of endo- and exodextranases. Enzymes in many groups can be classified as dextranases according to function: such enzymes include dextranhydrolases, glucodextranases, exoisomaltohydrolases, exoisomaltotriohydrases, and branched-dextran exo-1,2-α-glucosidases. Cycloisomalto-oligosaccharide glucanotransferase does not formally belong to the dextranases even though its side reaction produces hydrolyzed dextrans. A new classification system for glycosylhydrolases and glycosyltransferases, which is based on amino acid sequence similarities, divides the dextranases into five families. However, this classification is still incomplete since sequence information is missing for many of the enzymes that have been biochemically characterized as dextranases. Dextran-degrading enzymes have been isolated from a wide range of microorganisms. The major characteristics of these enzymes, the methods for analyzing their activities and biological roles, analysis of primary sequence data, and three-dimensional structures of dextranases have been dealt with in this review. Dextranases are promising for future use in various scientific and biotechnological applications.

Role of differentially expressed LBX1 in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) paraspinal muscle phenotypes and muscle-bone crosstalk through modulating myoblasts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
Z Feng ◽  
KL Cheng ◽  
J Zhang ◽  
L Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Congenital Scoliosis ◽  
Paraspinal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fiber Types ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Paraspinal Muscles ◽  
Function Study ◽  
Myogenic Markers

AIS is three-dimensional spinal deformity with unclear etiopathogenesis. LBX1 is so far the only multi-centers validated AIS predisposing gene. The imbalance of posterior paraspinal muscles is an important factor in AIS etiopathogenesis. It is poorly understood how LBX1 contributes to the abnormal paraspinal muscles and onset/progression of AIS. We aimed to evaluate the expression of LBX1 in paraspinal muscles at the concave and convex side in AIS, and whether alternation of LBX1 expression could affect myoblastsactivities and potentially influence muscle-bone interaction via myokines expression. Paraspinal muscles from AIS and age- and curvature-matched congenital scoliosis (CS) patients were collected for fiber types analysis. Biopsies were also subjected to qPCR to validate expression of myogenic markers, selected myokines and LBX1. Human skeletal muscle myoblast (HSMM) was used for LBX1 loss-of-function study in vitro. Muscle fiber types analysis showed type I and type IIX/IIAX fibers proportion were significantly different between AIS concave and convex but not in two sides of CS. LBX1, myogenic markers and one myokine were significantly imbalanced in AIS but not in CS. Loss-of-function study showed knockdown of LBX1 could inhibit myogenic markers expression and myokines as well. This study provides new insight into the association between imbalanced paraspinal muscle and potential muscle-bone crosstalk in AIS patients and the biological function of predisposing gene LBX1. Further investigation with appropriate animal models is warranted to explore if asymmetric expression of LBX1 could result in distinct muscle phenotypes and bone qualities thus affect the progression of spine curvature in AIS.

Micro-CT analysis of two-dimensional and three-dimensional parameters in severely curved roots prepared with 3 instrumentation systems: An in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
AntonioMiranda da Cruz-Filho ◽  
LuisEduardo Souza-Flamini ◽  
BrunoMonguilhott Crozeta ◽  
RicardoGariba Silva ◽  
RicardoNovak Savioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Parameters

scholarly journals Method of Individual Adjustment for 3D CT Analysis: Linear Measurement

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Kyu Kim ◽  
Dong Hun Choi ◽  
Jeong Woo Lee ◽  
Jung Dug Yang ◽  
Ho Yun Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
3D Ct ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
The Real ◽  
Bone Surgery ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
Picture Archiving And Communication

Introduction. We aim to regularize measurement values in three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) reconstructed images for higher-precision 3D analysis, focusing on length-based 3D cephalometric examinations.Methods. We measure the linear distances between points on different skull models using Vernier calipers (real values). We use 10 differently tilted CT scans for 3D CT reconstruction of the models and measure the same linear distances from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS). In both cases, each measurement is performed three times by three doctors, yielding nine measurements. The real values are compared with the PACS values. Each PACS measurement is revised based on the display field of view (DFOV) values and compared with the real values.Results. The real values and the PACS measurement changes according to tilt value have no significant correlations (p>0.05). However, significant correlations appear between the real values and DFOV-adjusted PACS measurements (p<0.001). Hence, we obtain a correlation expression that can yield real physical values from PACS measurements. The DFOV value intervals for various age groups are also verified.Conclusion. Precise confirmation of individual preoperative length and precise analysis of postoperative improvements through 3D analysis is possible, which is helpful for facial-bone-surgery symmetry correction.

A Functional Classification Framework for the Conceptual Design of Layered Manufacturing Technologies

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Williams ◽  
Farrokh Mistree ◽  
David W. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layered Manufacturing ◽  
Functional Classification ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Metal Artifacts ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Classification Framework ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Dimensional Printing

There exist many different layered manufacturing technologies for the realization of prototypes and fully-functional artifacts. Although extremely different in solution principle and embodiment, there exists functional commonality between each technology. This commonality affords the authors an opportunity to propose a new classification framework for layered manufacturing technologies. In addition to using it as a means of classifying existing processes, the authors present the framework as a tool to aid a designer in the conceptual design of new layered manufacturing technologies. The authors close the paper with an example of such an implementation; specifically, the conceptual design of a novel means of obtaining metal artifacts from three-dimensional printing.

Three-dimensional CT analysis of vomer bone in the architecture of craniofacial structures in caucasic human skulls

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Basili ◽  
Takero Otsuka ◽  
Mitsuyoshi Kubota ◽  
Rudolf Slavicek ◽  
Sadao Sato
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ct Analysis ◽  
Human Skulls

The three-dimensional structure of bothropasin, the main hemorrhagic factor from Bothrops jararaca venom: Insights for a new classification of snake venom metalloprotease subgroups

Toxicon ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 807-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
João R.C. Muniz ◽  
Andre L.B. Ambrosio ◽  
Heloisa S. Selistre-de-Araujo ◽  
Márcia R. Cominetti ◽  
Ana M. Moura-da-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Bothrops Jararaca
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