scholarly journals Inflammatory Markers Associated with Chronic Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance

10.5772/22278 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denisa Margina
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

Wogonin Alleviates Hyperglycemia Through Increased Glucose Entry into Cells Via AKT/GLUT4 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2602-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Khan ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Main Factor

: Insulin resistance and type 2 Diabetes mellitus resulting in chronic hyperglycemia is a major health problem in the modern world. Many drugs have been tested to control hyperglycemia which is believed to be the main factor behind many of the diabetes-related late-term complications. Wogonin is a famous herbal medicine which has been shown to be effective in controlling diabetes and its complications. In our previous work, we showed that wogonin is beneficial in many ways in controlling diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we mainly explained wogonin anti-hyperglycemic property through AKT/GLUT4 pathway. Here we briefly discussed that wogonin increases Glut4 trafficking to plasma membrane which allows increased entry of glucose and thus alleviates hyperglycemia. Conclusion: Wogonin can be used as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycemic drug and works via AKT/GLUT4 pathway.

scholarly journals Association of hormonal dysregulation with metabolic syndrome in older women: data from the InCHIANTI study

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. E353-E358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Maggio ◽  
Fulvio Lauretani ◽  
Gian Paolo Ceda ◽  
Stefania Bandinelli ◽  
Shehzad Basaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Igf I

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a strong risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Conditions associated with hyperandrogenism are often associated with glucose intolerance and other features of MetS in young women. As the prevalence of MetS increases with age and is probably multifactorial, it is reasonable to hypothesize that age-related changes in androgens and other hormones might contribute to the development of MetS in older persons. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in older women. We hypothesized that high levels of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and cortisol and low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and IGF-I would be associated with MetS in a representative cohort of older Italian women independently of confounders (including inflammatory markers). After exclusion of participants on hormone replacement therapy and those with a history of bilateral oophorectomy, 512 women (≥65 yr) had complete data on testosterone, cortisol, DHEA-S, SHBG, fasting insulin, total and free IGF-I, IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP). MetS was defined according to ATP-III criteria. Insulin resistance was calculated according to HOMA. MetS was found in 145 women (28.3%). Participants with vs. those without MetS had higher age-adjusted levels of bioavailable testosterone ( P < 0.001), IL-6 ( P < 0.001), CRP ( P < 0.001), and HOMA ( P < 0.001) and lower levels of SHBG ( P < 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, participants with decreased SHBG had an increased risk of MetS ( P < 0.0001) vs. those with low SHBG. In a further model including all hormones and confounders, log SHBG was the only independent factor associated with MetS (OR: 0.44, 95% CI 0.21–0.91, P = 0.027). In older women, SHBG is negatively associated with MetS independently of confounders, including inflammatory markers and insulin resistance. Further studies are needed to support the notion that raising SHBG is a potential therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of MetS.

scholarly journals PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY, PRECLINICAL DIAGNOSES: OLD PROBLEMS – NEW APPROACHES

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
T.V. Ashcheulova ◽  
O.A Kochubiei O.A ◽  
T.G. Ovrakh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Preventive Cardiology ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
New Guidelines

PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY, PRECLINICAL DIAGNOSES: OLD PROBLEMS – NEW APPROACHESAshcheulova T.V., Kochubiei O.A., Ovrakh T.GThe article discusses the new Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (2016) which summarized novel approaches of detection of such risk factors as overweigh, obesity, abdominal obesity, smoking, dyslipidemia (cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia), blood pressure (BP) levels, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, such as c-reactive protein, which can be widely used in practice.KeyWords: Cardiovascular disease, preventive cardiology, risk assessment and stratification, strategy for prevention of cardiovascular diseases. ПРЕВЕНТИВНА КАРДІОЛОГІЯ, ДОКЛІНІЧНА ДІАГНОСТИКА: СТАРІ ПРОБЛЕМИ - НОВІ ПІДХОДИАщеулова Т.В., Кочубєй О.А., Оврах Т.Г. У статті розглядаються нові рекомендації з профілактики серцево-судинних захворювань в клінічній практиці (2016 г.), що узагальнюють нові підходи виявлення таких факторів ризику, як надмірна маса тіла, ожиріння, абдомінальне ожиріння, куріння, дисліпідемія (холестеринемія, тригліцеридемія),  артеріальний тиск (АТ), рівень глюкози, інсуліну, резистентність до інсуліну, запальні маркери, такі як С-реактивний білок, які можуть знайти широке застосування у практичній охороні здоров’я.Ключові слова: Серцево-судинні захворювання, профілактична кардіологія, оцінка і стратифікація ризику, стратегія профілактики серцево-судинних захворювань. ПРЕВЕНТИВНАЯ КАРДИОЛОГИЯ, ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА: СТАРЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ - НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫАщеулова Т.В., Кочубей О.А., Оврах Т.Г. В статье рассматриваются новые рекомендации по профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в клинической практике (2016 г.), обобщены новые подходы выявления таких факторов риска, как избыточная масса тела, ожирение, абдоминальное ожирение, курение, дислипидемия (холестеринемия, гипертриглицеридемия), повышение артериального давления, уровень глюкозы, инсулина, резистентность к инсулину, маркеры воспаления, такие как С-реактивный белок, которые могут найти широкое применение в практическом здравоохранении.Ключевые слова: сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, профилактическая кардиология, оценка и стратификация риска, стратегия профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 

scholarly journals Pathology, Risk Factors, and Oxidative Damage Related to Type 2 Diabetes-Mediated Alzheimer’s Disease and the Rescuing Effects of the Potent Antioxidant Anthocyanin

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sohail Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Tae Ju Park ◽  
Myeong Ok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The pathology and neurodegeneration in type 2 diabetes- (T2D-) mediated Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been reported in several studies. Despite the lack of information regarding the basic underlying mechanisms involved in the development of T2D-mediated AD, some common features of the two conditions have been reported, such as brain atrophy, reduced cerebral glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance. T2D phenotypes such as glucose dyshomeostasis, insulin resistance, impaired insulin signaling, and systemic inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be involved in the progression of AD pathology by increasing amyloid-beta accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and overall neuroinflammation. Similarly, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) as a result of chronic hyperglycemia may serve as critical links between diabetes and AD. The natural dietary polyflavonoid anthocyanin enhances insulin sensitivity, attenuates insulin resistance at the level of the target tissues, inhibits free fatty acid oxidation, and abrogates the release of peripheral inflammatory cytokines in obese (prediabetic) individuals, which are responsible for insulin resistance, systemic hyperglycemia, systemic inflammation, brain metabolism dyshomeostasis, amyloid-beta accumulation, and neuroinflammatory responses. In this review, we have shown that obesity may induce T2D-mediated AD and assessed the recent therapeutic advances, especially the use of anthocyanin, against T2D-mediated AD pathology. Taken together, the findings of current studies may help elucidate a new approach for the prevention and treatment of T2D-mediated AD by using the polyflavonoid anthocyanin.

scholarly journals Serum and urinary concentrations of calprotectin as markers of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 167 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J Ortega ◽  
Mónica Sabater ◽  
José M Moreno-Navarrete ◽  
Neus Pueyo ◽  
Patricia Botas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Obese Subjects

ObjectiveIncreased circulating calprotectin has been reported in obese subjects but not in association with measures of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The main aim of this study was to determine whether calprotectins in plasma and urine are associated with insulin resistance.DesignWe performed both cross-sectional and longitudinal (diet-induced weight loss) studies.MethodsCirculating calprotectin concentrations (ELISA), other inflammatory markers, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism were evaluated in 298 subjects (185 with normal (NGT) and 62 with impaired (IGT) glucose tolerance and 51 T2D subjects). Calprotectin was also evaluated in urine samples from 71 participants (50 NGT and 21 subjects with IGT). Insulin sensitivity (SI, Minimal Model) was determined in a subset of 156 subjects, and the effects of weight loss were investigated in an independent cohort of obese subjects (n=19).ResultsCirculating calprotectin was significantly increased in IGT–T2D (independently of BMI) and positively associated with HOMA-IR, obesity measures, inflammatory markers, and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism. Similar findings were reported for calprotectin concentrations in urine. In the subset of subjects, the association of calprotectin withSIwas independent of BMI and age. In fact,SItogether with C-reactive protein contributed to 27.4% of calprotectin variance after controlling for age and blood neutrophils count. Otherwise, weight loss led to decreased circulating calprotectin in parallel to fasting glucose and HOMA-IR.ConclusionThese findings suggest that circulating and urinary concentrations of calprotectin are linked to chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance beyond obesity.

Assessment of Inflammatory Markers in Women with PCOS and their Correlation with Insulin Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (11/2021) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Khichar ◽  
Shallu Gupta ◽  
Sandhya Mishra ◽  
Mohan Meena
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Inflammatory Markers
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