scholarly journals Different Approaches to Managing Innovation Activities: An Analysis of Strong, Moderate, and Modest Innovators

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Prokop ◽  
Jan Stejskal
Keyword(s):  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Community Innovation Survey ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Microeconomic Analysis ◽  
The Eu

In the present day, innovation has become a key element of competitive advantage. However, most countries are failing in their innovative activities, and their innovative performance is below that of the EU average. Therefore, the European Commission annually publishes its Innovation Union Scoreboard, which provides a comparative assessment of the EU member states’ research and innovation performance. The countries are divided into four groups according to their innovation performance: innovation leaders, strong innovators, moderate innovators, and modest innovators. In this paper, we have selected countries whose innovation performance was close to, below, or well below that of the EU average in 2015, and we have performed microeconomic analysis of the situation in these countries’ firms to analyze the conditions of their innovation environment and uncover barriers to their innovation activities. We analyzed firms in the manufacturing industries in Slovenia (a strong innovator), Croatia (a moderate innovator), and Romania (a modest innovator) by using original multiple regression models and data from the 2010–2012 Community Innovation Survey. The results demonstrate the different backgrounds for innovation in each country. In Romania, there is a lack of both a satisfactory environment for innovation and sufficient capacity for absorbing public funds; investment into innovation-related activities is also absent. In Croatia, the innovation potential has not been fully exploited. However, we show that the appropriate targeting of innovation determinants (e.g., collaboration with different partners or public financing) could lead to the creation of synergies and spillover effects that would be able to support their innovative activities and strengthen the country’s competitiveness. There is a completely different situation in Slovenia. Firms there effectively utilize the various determinants of innovation activities, and these determinants have strong influence when utilized on their own. On the other hand, results also show that certain significant combinations of determinants of innovation activities are missing in Slovenia. In conclusion, we have proposed practical implications for policy makers that would be able to support innovative activities and help each country to improve its innovation ranking.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.28.1.16111

scholarly journals Prospects for innovation performance on European level

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-114
Author(s):  
Nuša Erman
Keyword(s):  
Public Funding ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
European Level ◽  
Community Innovation Survey ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Enterprise Level ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Innovation Indicators

Abstract In 2004, the European Commission implemented the Decision No 1608/2003/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the production and development of Community statistics on innovation. This triggered the awareness of the role of innovation and R&D on national and European level and thus the opportunity to step towards in-depth monitoring innovation performance through various indicators. The paper aims to investigate the trends in the selected innovation indicators (i.e., public funding, expenditures and innovation activities, types of innovation and products introduced, hampered innovation activities) to outline the development direction on the enterprise level using the Community innovation survey data for the 2002–2016 period. Using the basic time series analysis, the paper evaluates the progress according to the European Strategy on research and innovation. Furthermore, using the autocorrelation and autoregression methods, the paper also outlines the future direction in innovation performance on European level.

scholarly journals The effects of EU R&I funding on SME innovation and business performance in new EU member states: Firm-level evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (228) ◽  
pp. 7-41
Author(s):  
Nevenka Cuckovic ◽  
Valentina Vuckovic
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Community Innovation Survey ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Member States ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
New Eu Member States

SMEs are the most dynamic and vibrant part of the enterprise sector in terms of start-ups and new jobs, and a significant share of the EU?s total innovation activities take place within them. This paper uses the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) 2014 and eCORDA data to analyse whether SME participation in EU research and innovation (R&I) funding programmes has increased their innovation activities and business performance. To achieve this, we empirically test whether SMEs that received EU funds recorded an improvement in their innovation and economic performance. This is measured by research and development (R&D) expenditure, product innovation, turnover, and employment. The paper focusses particularly on new EU member countries and among them to those from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). It explores the theoretical and methodological backgrounds that guided us in these analyses and performs treatment effect analysis at firm level, using CIS CDROM data that we received on request from Eurostat. The obtained results indicate that EU R&I funding is beneficial to the innovation activities of SME recipients, and to their overall business performance. It also assists new EU member states in the process of ?catching up? to the growth levels of more established EU economies.

scholarly journals Administrative Background and the Process of Migrant Integration in Hungary

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-446
Author(s):  
István Temesi
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
The Eu

Some EU member states have been migrant destinations for a long time, while others have lost a considerable part of their population since their accession to the EU. Hungary belongs to the latter. Large numbers of immigrants have not been arriving here since the end of the war in former Yugoslavia. However, in 2015 Hungary was suddenly strongly affected by mass migration, mainly because of the country’s geographical location. Mass migration has strongly influenced politics as the decision-maker and public administration as the executor of political decisions. Both the decisions and the policy-makers have been strongly criticised for taking a different approach to the situation compared with many other European countries. The Hungarian government’s priority was to reduce or stop mass migration and it used political, legal, and physical instruments selected for this purpose. This study does not aim to judge whether they are right or wrong. Hungarian public administration has had to adapt to the situation and it has done so by way of implementing new and modified legal rules. However, due to the political decisions described above, it has developed and changed at the same time.

The European Union and Israel since Oslo

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry van Bommel
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Peace Initiatives ◽  
The Eu

This chapter discusses the strengthening of ties between the EU and Israel during the breakdown of Oslo as well as during other fruitless peace initiatives. Shortly after the Oslo process began, the EU and Israel initiated negotiations on broadening their cooperation. This led to the signing of the EU–Israel Association Agreement in 1995. As well as economic cooperation, which was established as early as 1975 in a cooperation agreement, this new treaty included other areas, such as scientific and technical research. In more recent years the relationship between the EU and Israel has been deepened further. In 2014 the EU and Israel signed the Horizon 2020 scientific cooperation agreement, which gives Israel equal access with EU member states to the largest-ever EU research and innovation program. In itself, there is nothing wrong with the deepening of economic, scientific, cultural, and political relations between countries. However, the deepening of relations between the EU and Israel means indirect support for the Israeli occupation and the policy of expanding the settlements.

EU Migration Policy: Evolving Ideas of Responsibility and Protection

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Forced Migration ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Common European Asylum System ◽  
The Eu

AbstractWhile humanitarian intervention in cases of state instability remains a disputed concept in international law, there is consensus in the international community over the need to provide protection to refugees, one of the corollaries of such instability. Using the European Union (EU) as a case study, this article takes a policy perspective to examine competing conceptions of both 'responsibility' and 'protection' among EU Member States. Responsibility can be seen either as the duty to move refugees around the EU such that each Member State takes its fair share, or the duty to assist those Member States who receive the highest numbers of migrants due to geography by way of practical and financial help. Similarly, protection can imply that which the EU offers within its boundaries, encompassed within the Common European Asylum System, or something broader that looks at where people are coming from and seeks to work with countries of origin and transit to provide protection outside the Union and tackle the causes of forced migration. Whether one or both of these concepts comes to dominate policy discourse over the long-term, the challenge will be to ensure an uncompromised understanding of protection among policy-makers.

The influence of research and development policy: the case of Estonia in the EU

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janno Reiljan ◽  
Ingra Paltser
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Socioeconomic Environment ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Eu

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the international position of Estonia among the member states of the EU and countries closely associated with the EU, from the perspective of the effect of research and development (R & D) policy on innovation activities in the business sector. Design/methodology/approach – Based on existing scientific research literature on the relationships between R & D policy and business sector R & D activities and innovation performance, a set of indicators describing R & D policy measures was created for the business sector. Using principal component analysis (PCA) method, independent robust dimensions of R & D policy were brought out. After eliminating the problem of multicollinearity in R & D policy indicators, robust multiple regression models were conducted to present a comprehensive empirical description of the shaping of business sector R & D and innovation activities in the sample of investigated countries. Findings – Based on the literature, the influences of R & D policy measures on business sector R & D activities and innovation performance were systemised; public R & D policy dimensions were empirically defined; the intensity of R & D policy influence on business sector R & D activities was estimated; the differences between real and prognostic values of business sector performance indicators in Estonia were calculated in order to characterise the efficiency of Estonian R & D policy and the influence of the socioeconomic environment. Research limitations/implications – The lack of comparable data describing R & D policy and R & D activities and innovation performance in the business sector limits the comprehensiveness of the analysis (i.e. the number of analysed indicators). Practical implications – The assessment and comparative analysis of the influence of R & D policy components on business sector R & D activities and innovation performance in different countries makes it possible to identify directions for increasing the efficiency of R & D policy under the specific influence of the socioeconomic environment, especially in new member states of the EU. Originality/value – Using the PCA method significantly increased the robustness of the macro-quantitative description of R & D policy dimensions. By combining the set of new synthetic R & D policy indicators created by the PCA with the multiple regression analysis method, a significant increase in the robustness of model coefficients (i.e. the assessments of influence intensity) was achieved. These robust models create the basis for reliable empirical assessment of the influence of R & D policy and a comparative analysis of the results.

scholarly journals Inovacijų vystymo prioritetai Ukrainos įmonėse

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Olga Miroshnychenko
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Global Competitiveness Index ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Eu

Straipsnyje pateikiama kategorijos „inovacija“ traktuotė ir apibūdinami inovacijų tipai. Inovacijos yra esminis veiksnys, lemiantis nacionalinės ekonomikos konkurencingumą, šiuolaikinių įmonių konkurencinį pranašumą. Straipsnis apima Ukrainos įmonių inovacinio potencialo tyrimo rezultatus, inovatyvios veiklos Ukrainoje rodiklius ir jų lyginamąją analizę su Europos Sąjungos šalimis; aptariama inovatyvių įmonių dalis, inovatyvių įmonių santykis pagal inovacijų tipus, inovacinės veiklos išlaidų struktūra. Pateikiamas Ukrainos reitingas pagal globalaus konkurencingumo indekso ir inovacijų indekso dedamąsias. Aptariami esminiai Ukrainos įmonių inovacijų vystymo aspektai. Priorities for innovation development of Ukrainian enterprisesOlga Miroshnychenko SummaryThe definitions of the category “innovation” and types of innovation are being considered in the article. Innovations are crucial for the competiveness of a national economy. Today, they are the main competitive advantage of modern enterprises. A research of the innovation potential of Ukrainian enterprises has been done. The paper includes indicators of innovation activity in Ukraine and their comparison with those of the EU member states: proportion of innovative enterprises, share of enterprises with adopted innovations by the type of innovation, expenditures on research and development. The international position of Ukraine by elements of the Global Competitiveness Index, the sub-index of innovation and its elements has been considered. The paper answers the question of the key aspects of innovation development of Ukrainian enterprises.Key words: innovations, innovation activity, innovation potential, enterprise, Ukraine

scholarly journals Policy Measures for the Diaspora during the COVID-19 Crisis: The Case of Cyprus

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Angeliki Konstantinidou ◽  
Daniela Vintila
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Member States ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Institutional Cooperation ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu

The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes an unprecedented challenge for policy-makers worldwide. The coronavirus outbreak has rapidly put into question states’ preparedness for crisis management, while also raising particular concerns on how national governments assist their citizens abroad in situation of distress. This Policy Brief tackles the issue of governmental responsiveness to the diaspora in a context of pandemic alert. In doing so, we focus on the case of Cyprus, one of the EU Member States with the largest share of citizens residing abroad. Drawing on official documents publicly released by different Cypriot authorities, we map the different initiatives adopted by the Cypriot Government in the attempt to assist its diaspora during the pandemic. Our analysis shows that, in line with its traditional approach towards non-residents citizens, Cyprus has adopted a rather pro-active stance vis-à-vis its population abroad. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, several initiatives have been put forward by ministerial actors, often via inter-institutional cooperation, aiming to mobilise resources that could meet diaspora’ needs. However, the Government’s engagement with the diaspora during this crisis has remained rather selective. Most policy measures primarily aimed to provide support to Cypriots in specific (mainly European) destination countries, while also targeting particularly vulnerable groups of individuals stuck abroad during the pandemic.

scholarly journals The Role of Public Support for Innovativeness in SMEs Across European Countries and Sectors of Economic Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4143
Author(s):  
Wojciech Grabowski ◽  
Anna Staszewska-Bystrova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Community Innovation Survey ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Policy Mixes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Innovation Support ◽  
The Eu

The paper investigates the impact of public support for innovation activities on adoption of different innovation strategies and propensities to introduce product, process, organizational and marketing innovations in European small and medium enterprises. In estimating these effects, country and sectoral heterogeneities are taken into account. Effectiveness of alternative policy mixes is also evaluated. The analysis is based on a multivariate, multi-stage econometric model and data from the Community Innovation Survey 2014. It is found that innovation support is utilized differently by newer and older members of the European Union, with the former investing mainly in acquisition of machinery, equipment, software, buildings, knowledge and trainings and the latter directing aid, to a larger extent, to research and development and introduction of innovations. The results also indicate various effectiveness of support from alternative institutional sources. Aid from the EU is more beneficial for manufacturing, while national and local support is more effective in older EU countries than newer members of the European Union and services sector. Using various but not all types of policy mixes is estimated to increase the chances of innovating. It is concluded that innovation support might not be optimally used in newer members of the EU and that better coordination of aid from the EU and national institutions could lead to improved economic results.

Standards and innovation in manufacturing and services: the case of ISO 9000

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Mangiarotti ◽  
Cesare A.F. Riillo
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Iso 9000 ◽  
Community Innovation Survey ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The research empirically investigates the firm-level impact of ISO 9000 certification on innovation propensity. The study aims to distinguish between manufacturing and service sectors and adopts different innovation definitions aimed at capturing the peculiarities of innovation in services and small firms. Design/methodology/approach – Relying chiefly on Community Innovation Survey data for Luxembourg, the impact of certification on innovation probability is assessed using a logit model that controls for relevant firms characteristics and market features. Findings – The innovation potential of services and small firms is understated when adopting innovation definitions restricted to technological aspects and more formalised innovation activities. ISO 9000 certification may promote innovation when adopting definitions that captures sectoral innovation specificities. In particular, certification increases innovation propensity in manufacturing when the focus is on technological innovation and formalised innovation expenditures. On the contrary, when non-technological aspects are included and allowance is made for wider innovation activities, the impact of certification on services tends to emerge. However, sharper statistical evidence for manufacturing indicates a more important role of certification for innovation success in this sector. Research limitations/implications – Case-study research could supplement the findings concerning the relative effectiveness of certification in services and manufacturing. The investigation would also benefit from extensions in the econometric analysis to address comparisons across samples and potential causality issues. Practical implications – Findings are interesting to practitioners and registrars in order to identify the specific characteristics of firms for which certification provides higher innovative potential. Originality/value – The study highlights the relevance of sectoral specificities and innovation definitions for the debate about the effect of ISO 9000 certification on innovation.

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