Beyond the “Hullabaloo” of the Vaccine “Debate”: Understanding Parents’ Assessment of Risks When Making Vaccine Decisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-92
Author(s):  
Lauren Kolodziejski
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vaccine Debate

To ascertain the risk assessments parents use when making vaccine decisions, I conducted semi-structured interviews with mothers of young children. Treating these interviews as texts, I rhetorically analyzed how parents talk about their chil­dren’s vaccination in order to better understand reasons for vaccine hesitancy. My analysis reveals that despite the difference in behavior between parents who vac­cinate and parents who hesitate, there is a commonality in discourse. Three topoi emerged within these mothers’ explanation of their vaccination decisions: percep­tions of diseases, perceptions of environmental threats, and assessment of their child’s vulnerability. Considering the common ground these topoi reflect, I explore possible alternative messaging about vaccines that might better encourage vaccine uptake. Ultimately, I argue a rhetorical approach to studying public and personal discourses about health issues can prove useful for identifying key topoi, which can generate communication strategies for addressing public concerns while potentially improving support for public health initiatives

scholarly journals Strategies That Promote Equity in COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Black Communities: a Review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Dada ◽  
Joseph Nguemo Djiometio ◽  
SarahAnn M. McFadden ◽  
Jemal Demeke ◽  
David Vlahov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Black Communities ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Project Outcomes ◽  
Strategic Implementation ◽  
Town Halls

AbstractBlack communities have had a high burden of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and death, yet rates of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Blacks lag behind other demographic groups. This has been due in part to vaccine hesitancy and multi-level issues around access to COVID-19 vaccines. Effective strategies to promote vaccine uptake among Black communities are needed. To perform a rapid review covering December 2020–August 2021, our search strategy used PubMed, Google, and print media with a prescribed set of definitions and search terms for two reasons: there were limited peer-reviewed studies during the early period of vaccine roll-out and real-time perspectives were crucially needed. Analyses included expert opinion, descriptions of implemented projects, and project outcomes. The strategies described in these reports largely converged into three categories: (a) addressing mistrust, (b) combatting misinformation, and (c) improving access to COVID-19 vaccines. When working to reduce hesitancy, it is important to consider messaging content, messengers, and location. To address mistrust, reports detailed the importance of communicating through trusted channels, validating the real, history- and experience-based reasons why people may be hesitant to establish common ground, and addressing racism embedded within the healthcare system. To combat misinformation, strategies included dispelling myths and answering questions through town halls and culturally intelligent outreach. Black physicians and clinicians are considered trusted messengers and partnering with community leaders such as pastors can help to reach more people. The settings of vaccination sites should be convenient and trusted such as churches, barbershops, and community sites. While a number of individual and combination efforts have been developed and implemented, data that disentangle components that are the most effective are sparse. This rapid review provides a basis for developing strategic implementation to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in this ongoing pandemic and planning to promote health equity for future bio-events and health crises.

The Difference between Lying and Misleading

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Stokke
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
Conversational Implicatures ◽  
The World ◽  
Question Under Discussion ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prosodic Focus

The notions of what is said and assertion, as relative to questions under discussion, are used to provide an account of the lying-misleading distinction. The chapter argues that utterances are sometimes interpreted relative to the so-called Big Question, roughly paraphrased by “What is the world like?” This observation is shown to account for the fact that, when conveying standard conversational implicatures, what is asserted is likewise proposed for the common ground. The chapter applies the resulting account of the lying-misleading distinction to ways of lying and misleading with incomplete predicates, possessives, presuppositions, pronouns, and prosodic focus. A formal notion of contextual questionentailment is defined which shows when it is possible to mislead with respect to a question under discussion while avoiding outright lying.

scholarly journals URBAN CORRIDOR AS A PUBLIC SPACE CASE STUDY : CORRIDOR PANTAI LOSARI STREET, MAKASSAR CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sriany Ersina
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Public Place ◽  
The Public ◽  
Plural Society ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Space Case ◽  
Urban Corridor

Abstrak_ An ideal public space should be a common ground, open and accessible for all including for people with disabilities. However in fact, along the beach Losari in Makassar City have inaccessible public space. Ideally, the various people who use and do interaction in the public space should be accommodated in the space. The Potential for conflict exist whenever and wherever people contact. Conflict is natural, normal and inevitable whenever people interact together. The disagreement and the difference on values conflict can be indicated by the unavoidable situation in human relationship. Therefore, defining the difference and strategy to manage the conflict in public space will be the focus of the paper. A Synergy, compromise, accommodative action and using a power are among others of the strategy to manage conflict to create a built environment towards an open and accessible public place. A Public space is the common ground where people carry out the functional and ritual activities that bind a community, whether in the normal routines of daily life or in periodic festivities [3] Urban Corridors that deals with mostly public space should serve the public at large, the plural society and the variety of human behavior.Keywords : Public Space; Conflict in Public Place; Urban Corridor.

scholarly journals Husserla redukcja fenomenologiczna a „pusty umysł” w buddyzmie zen

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Sławomir Barć
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Zen Buddhism ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Phenomenological Reduction ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Mind

The text compares two themes: Edmund Husserl’s phenomenological reduction, and the category of „empty mind” in Zen Buddhism. The similarities and the difference between the two epistemological strategies are shown and the common ground for metaphysical and partly ethical solutions are outlined. The basic thesis is that different cognitive strategies can lead to very similar effects. In other words, meditation does not exclude discursive knowledge which does not necessarily oppose meditation. Husserl and the great Zen masters see the principle of all principles in consciousness (mind). An empty mind is like the mind of a philosopher who has made a phenomenological reduction.

Evaluation of a co-facilitated information and learning programme for service users: the EOLAS programme

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Higgins ◽  
C. Downes ◽  
M. Monahan ◽  
D. Hevey ◽  
F. Boyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Sequential Design ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Formal Learning ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background:The co-production and co-facilitation of recovery-focused education programmes is one way in which service users may be meaningfully involved as partners.Objectives:To evaluate the impact of a clinician and peer co-facilitated information programme on service users’ knowledge, confidence, recovery attitudes, advocacy and hope, and to explore their experience of the programme.Methods:A sequential design was used involving a pre–post survey to assess changes in knowledge, confidence, advocacy, recovery attitudes and hope following programme participation. In addition, semi-structured interviews with programme participants were completed. Fifty-three participants completed both pre- and post-surveys and twelve individuals consented to interviews.Results:The results demonstrated statistically significant changes in service users’ knowledge about mental health issues, confidence and advocacy. These improvements were reflected in the themes which emerged from the interviews with participants (n = 12), who reported enhanced knowledge and awareness of distress and wellness, and a greater sense of hope. In addition, the peer influence helped to normalise experiences for participants, while the dual facilitation engendered equality of participation and increased the opportunity for meaningful collaboration between service users and practitioners.Conclusions:The evaluation highlights the potential strengths of a service user and clinician co-facilitated education programme that acknowledges and respects the difference between the knowledge gained through self-experience and the knowledge gained through formal learning.

Unjust Sex vs. Rape

Hypatia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 746-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann J. Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Feminist Theory ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Sexual Ethics ◽  
Theoretical Account ◽  
Gray Area ◽  
Philosophical Account ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference

This article returns to a philosophical conundrum that has troubled feminist theory since the topic of sexual violence has been taken seriously, what I call the problem of the “heteronormative sexual continuum”: how sexual assault and hegemonic heterosex are conceptually and politically related. I continue my response to the work of Nicola Gavey, who has argued for the existence of a “gray area” of sexual interactions that are ethically questionable without rising to the category of sexual assault, but whose analysis did not explicitly articulate what these two categories share or what distinguishes them from each other. After summarizing Gavey's position, I summarize my previous articulation of the common ground between instances of sexual assault and examples of sexual interactions in the “gray area.” I then develop a theoretical account of how the two categories differ, arguing that the victim's agency plays different roles in the two types of interactions. Both the fact of that distinction—that we are capable of providing a philosophical account of the difference between sexual interactions that fall into the gray area and those that constitute sexual assault—and its particular content are crucial for the development of a tenable feminist sexual ethics.

scholarly journals A Practical Comparison between Islamic and Christian End-of-life Moral Guidelines towards Harmonization of End-of-life Care

JAHR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-203
Author(s):  
Pierre Mallia
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Passive Euthanasia ◽  
Futile Treatment ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
End Of Life Issues

This paper aims to identify common ground on end-of-life issues between the Islamic and Christian cultures. Since these two cultures are more and more coming to live in the same countries, it is important to acknowledge common ground since the laws of countries apply to all. The paper will deal with several issues, including the stopping of futile treatment, the administration of ordinary and extraordinary care, defining the difference between death and allowing one to die, and accepting death as sometimes being an inevitable and acceptable outcome. The paper will also discuss palliative care including pain relief and sedation. From here one delves into the case of Persistent Vegetative States and the morality of over-enthusiastic treatment which pushes people into this state. It will also focus on the differences, such as passive euthanasia and analyze whether this is merely a difference in the interpretation of terms. There is also a phenomenon in some countries on querying the removal futile treatment and on lacking a legal framework in general on end-of-life. At least one study shows concern on religious moral grounds. The conclusion attempts to identify the common grounds on the end-of-life and whether morality and laws in this regard are guided by religious positions. It is important that laws respect the moral normative values of populations, especially with pressure coming from more liberal positions. Even if practices such as euthanasia (the discussion of which is not the scope of this paper) are introduced in countries, it is important that health care (and legislation) recognizes the common moral ground, the lack of which may lead to more suffering.

Ḥadith ‘Āishah fī Man’i al-Nisā’ Min al-Masājid; Niqāsh ‘Ulamā’ Bangladesh Ḥaulahu

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Syed Mahmudul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Common Situation

The Narration of Aisyah (May Allah be pleased with her), is the main focus of the controversy among Bangladeshi scholars on the issue of women's prayer in the mosque. The reason for the dispute is that a group of them issued the ruling based on the phenomenon of the text, and the others explained the ruling of Hadith according to the common situation in the society. If the circumstances change, the ruling will change along with it, because the originality of the issue is permissible, that is proven from other texts. This research adopts an inductive method to survey the Prophetic hadiths that talk about the prayer of women in the Mosque in terms of permissibility and prohibition and analytical method to analyze the difference in opinion of Bangladeshi scholars related to this issue. The research finds that the ruling of Shari’ah is a process that is continuous and permanent. But in necessity and emergency, it has the notion of flexibility and explanation. In the issue of women’s presence in the mosque, they should be allowed if they abide by the suggestions of Prophet (s) and should not if they don’t. So, Prohibition is not from the prophet (s), but it is from their obedience to the ruling.

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

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