scholarly journals Comparison of Nitrogen Metabolism in Yak (Bos grunniens) and Indigenous Cattle (Bos taurus) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hucheng Wang ◽  
Ruijun Long ◽  
Juan Boo Liang ◽  
Xusheng Guo ◽  
Luming Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Bos Grunniens

Comparison of aquaporin-1 expression between yak (Bos grunniens) and indigenous cattle (Bos taurus) in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Zhong ◽  
J. P. Kang ◽  
G. S. Stewart ◽  
J. W. Zhou ◽  
X. D. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Outer Cortex ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Aquaporin 1 ◽  
Bos Grunniens ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Species Specific

Aquaporins (AQPs) are a large family of integral membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of water through the biomembranes. AQP1, one of the 13 AQPs identified in mammals, is distributed in various tissues and organs, and plays an important role in body water homeostasis. The objectives of the present study were to identify the expression of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in the kidney, rumen and parotid gland of yaks, and to quantify whether the protein abundance of AQP1 is species specific between yak (Bos grunniens) and indigenous cattle (Bos taurus). Three 3-year-old castrated males (156 ± 6.8 kg of bodyweight) of each of three genotypes, namely, yak, indigenous cattle and the crossbred between the two (Bos taurus♂ × Bos grunniens♀), were used; all animals were grazed in the same autumn pasture of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China. Western blot results detected (1) 28-kDa unglycosylated AQP1 in the kidney, rumen and parotid gland of all three genotypes, 40-kDa glycosylated AQP1 in renal cortex and medulla. (2) Yaks expressed less 28-kDa AQP1 protein in the outer cortex (P < 0.05), significantly more in the outer medulla (P < 0.01), and slightly more in the ventral rumen (P = 0.088) than did cattle. No difference was observed in the dorsal rumen and parotid gland (P > 0.10). In conclusion, the present study is the first to confirm the presence of AQP1 in bovine rumen and parotid gland and identified its expression in yaks. Abundance of AQP1 protein in yak kidney showed some difference from indigenous cattle. This could provide a new perspective to explain some adaptive mechanisms of yaks to the harsh environment in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau.

Comparison of nitrogen utilization and urea kinetics between yaks (Bos grunniens) and indigenous cattle (Bos taurus)1

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 4600-4612 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Zhou ◽  
C. L. Zhong ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
A. A. Degen ◽  
E. C. Titgemeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Bos Grunniens ◽  
Urea Kinetics

scholarly journals The rumen microbiome of yak co-evolves with its host probably adding the adaptation to its harsh environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congcong Zhao ◽  
Lamei Wang ◽  
Shanlin Ke ◽  
Xinhua Chen ◽  
Ákos Kenéz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Rumen Microbes ◽  
Bos Grunniens ◽  
Molar Proportion ◽  
Rumen Microbiome ◽  
Sufficient Energy ◽  
Genes Encoding

Abstract Background Rumen microbes play an important role in ruminant energy supply and animal performance. Previous studies showed that yak (Bos grunniens) rumen microbiome and fermentation differ from other ruminants. However, little is understood on the features of the rumen microbiome that make yak adapted to its unique environmental and dietary conditions. Here we investigated the rumen microbiome and metabolome to understand how yak adapts to the coarse forage and harsh environment in the high Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Result Metataxonomic analysis of the rumen microbiota revealed that yak (Bos grunniens), domesticated cattle (Bos taurus), and dzo (a hybrid between the yak and domestic cattle) have distinct rumen microbiota. Metagenomic analysis displayed a larger gene pool encoding a richer repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in the rumen microbiome of yak and dzo than cattle. Some of the genes encoding glycoside hydrolases (GH) that mediate the digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose were significantly enriched in the rumen of yak than cattle, but the cattle rumen microbiome had more genes assigned to GH57 that primarily includes amylases. The rumen fermentation profile differed also, with cattle having a higher molar proportion of acetate but a lower molar proportion of propionate than dzo and yak. Metabolomic analysis showed differences in both rumen microbial metabolic pathways and metabolites, mainly amino acids, carboxylic acids, sugars, and bile acids. Notably, styrene degradation, primary bile acid biosynthesis, glyoxylate, and dicarboxylate metabolism significantly differed between cattle and dzo; streptomycin biosynthesis was significantly different between cattle and yak; and the pathways for biotin metabolism and styrene degradation significantly differed between dzo and yak. Correlation analysis revealed certain microbial species correlated with differential rumen metabolites. Nine differential metabolites showed a positive correlation with seven species belonging to Bacteroides and Alistipes but a negative correlation with ten species belonging to Prevotella and Ruminococcus. Conclusion The present study showed that the rumen microbiome of yak and its host had probably co-evolved aiding in the adaptation of yak to the harsh dietary environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. In particular, the yak rumen microbiome has more enzymes involved in the degradation of rough forage than that of cattle, providing sufficient energy for its host.

scholarly journals Comparison of methanogen diversity of yak (Bos grunniens) and cattle (Bos taurus) from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Huang ◽  
Hui Tan ◽  
Ruijun Long ◽  
Juan Liang ◽  
André-Denis G Wright
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Grunniens

Haematobia irritans parasitism of F1 yak × beef cattle ( Bos grunniens  ×  Bos taurus ) hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Calkins ◽  
J. D. Scasta ◽  
T. Smith ◽  
M. M. Stayton ◽  
S. L. Lake
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Bos Grunniens

scholarly journals Molecular cloning and sequence characterization of two genes, DQA1 and DQA2,from the Chinese yakow (Bos grunniens × Bos taurus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Dongmei XI ◽  
Sameeullah MEMON ◽  
Guozhi LI ◽  
Xiangying LIU ◽  
Chao SU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Sequence Characterization ◽  
Bos Grunniens
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